Improved version of https://gist.github.com/tai2/5008183 using glDrowPixels().

whitenoize2.c

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <GLUT/glut.h> 

#define KEY_ESC 27
#define WINDOW_POS_X 100
#define WINDOW_POS_Y 100
#define DEF_SCREEN_WIDTH 640
#define DEF_SCREEN_HEIGHT 360

static int curr_width = 0;
static int curr_height = 0;
static GLubyte *screen_buf = NULL;
static int fullscreen = 0;

static void
keyboard(unsigned char c, int x, int y)
{
    switch (c) {
    case KEY_ESC:
        exit(0);
        break;
    case 'f':
        if (fullscreen) {
            glutReshapeWindow(DEF_SCREEN_WIDTH, DEF_SCREEN_HEIGHT);
            glutPositionWindow(WINDOW_POS_X, WINDOW_POS_Y);
            fullscreen = 0;
        } else {
            glutFullScreen();
            fullscreen = 1;
        }
        break;
    }
}

void
idle()
{
    glutPostRedisplay();
}

static void
reshape(int w, int h)
{
    curr_width = w;
    curr_height = h;

    if (screen_buf) {
        free(screen_buf);
    }
    screen_buf = (GLubyte *)malloc(curr_width * curr_height * 4);
    if (!screen_buf) {
        abort();
    }
}

static void
draw_pixel(int x, int y, GLubyte r, GLubyte g, GLubyte b)
{
    int base = 4 * ((curr_height - 1 - y) * curr_width + x);
    screen_buf[base + 0] = r;
    screen_buf[base + 1] = g;
    screen_buf[base + 2] = b;
    screen_buf[base + 3] = 255;
}

static void
display()
{
    int x, y;

    glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT);

    for (y = 0; y < curr_height; y++) {
        for (x = 0; x < curr_width; x++) {
            GLubyte v = rand() % 256;
            draw_pixel(x, y, v, v, v);
        }
    }

    glWindowPos2i(0, 0);
    glDrawPixels(curr_width, curr_height, GL_RGBA, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, screen_buf);
    glutSwapBuffers();
}

int
main(int argc, char** argv)
{
    srand(0);

    glutInit(&argc, argv);
    glutInitDisplayMode(GLUT_DOUBLE | GLUT_RGB | GLUT_DEPTH );
    glutInitWindowSize(DEF_SCREEN_WIDTH, DEF_SCREEN_HEIGHT);
    glutInitWindowPosition(WINDOW_POS_X, WINDOW_POS_Y);
    glutCreateWindow(argv[0]);
    glutKeyboardFunc(keyboard);
    glutIdleFunc(idle);
    glutReshapeFunc(reshape);
    glutDisplayFunc(display);

    glClearColor(0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0);
    glShadeModel(GL_FLAT);

    glutMainLoop();
    return 0;
}