List all the colors defined as public static properties in Colors class and your phone's accent color. ColorViewModel is my defined class.

colors.cs

var colors = new List<ColorViewModel>();
var accentColor = (Color)Resources["PhoneAccentColor"];
colors.Add(new ColorViewModel("Accent Color", accentColor));
colors.AddRange(
        typeof(Colors).GetProperties(BindingFlags.Static | BindingFlags.Public)
            .Where(p => p.PropertyType == typeof(Color))
            .Where(p => p.Name != "Transperant" && p.Name != "Black" )
            .Select(p => new ColorViewModel(p.Name, (Color)p.GetValue(typeof(Colors), null))));

ColorViewModel.cs

public class ColorViewModel
{
    public ColorViewModel(string text, Color color)
    {
        this.Text = text;
        this.Color = color;
        this.ColorBrush = new SolidColorBrush(color);
    }
    public string Text { get; set; }
    public Color Color { get; set; }
    public Brush ColorBrush { get; set; }
}