Start with these resources
- https://ethresear.ch/t/on-chain-scaling-to-potentially-500-tx-sec-through-mass-tx-validation/3477 - Vitalik
- Despite this being a ZK focused approach, and only supporting deposit/withdraw/send/receive, it’s nicely laidout as a starting point
- https://ethresear.ch/t/minimal-viable-merged-consensus/5617 - John Adler
- I think this is the first description of the optimistic model
- https://medium.com/@adlerjohn/the-why-s-of-optimistic-rollup-7c6a22cbb61a - John Adler
- This article focuses a bit less on the mechanics, and more on the beneficial properties.