Ubuntu Terminal GreenHorns

ubuntu_terminal_greenhorns

1. sudo

#to gain root privilege.
# sudo means superuser do which allows user to install/update/remove software as a super user.

Eg:  sudo apt-get updates

# To run graphical application as root use "gksudo"

Eg: gksudo gedit
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2. cd

# 'cd' (Change Directory) is the command used for navigating folders in the Terminal.
# By default terminal opens in your home folder.
# By typing cd will return to home folder.
# Tab button is used to auto complete. Eg: cd Dow and press tab it will show cd Downloads/
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3. ls

# lists all of the items (bar hidden files) in the current folder
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4. ls -al

# lists all items in a folder, including hidden files and directories with all file info
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5. ls -a

# shows list of all files in the directory
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6. sudo apt-get install

# Applications available in the Ubuntu Software Center and added PPAs can be installed from the command line using 'apt-get install'.

Eg:sudo apt-get install chromium-browser
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7. sudo apt-get remove

# To remove the Chromium web browser you would run

sudo apt-get remove chromium-browser
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8. uname -a

# show the kernel version.
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9. free

# see the RAM details
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10. whereis application_name

# it will show application installation location
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11. df -h

# disk usage space
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12. ps -e

#  list the currently running processes
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13. pwd

# show the surrent working directory
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14. mkdir 

# make directory Eg: mkdir dirname
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15. rmdir

# remove file or directory. Eg: rmdir file/directory name
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16. mv

# move or rename a file

Eg: mv file1 ~/Downloads/Archive/  --> moves a file

    mv logo_2.jpg new_logo.jpg --> rename a file
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17. cat

# view file contents.

Eg: cat install.log
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18. man

# if you want to know more about rm command, then type -

Eg: man rm
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19. cp

# copy files/directories

Eg: cp movie_name.mp4 ~/Downloads/movies/
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20. wget

# GNU Wget or wget is very handy in downloading stuffs from internet, over the command line.

Eg: wget url_of_the_content
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21. gksudo

#Run GUI Application with Root privilege

Eg: gksudo nautilus
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22. shutdown

#  To shutdown the computer from terminal

Eg: shutdown -h or shutdown 0 or shutdown 10.30
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23. restart

# restart the computer