thehunmonkgroup/quick-vagrant.sh

## quick-vagrant.sh
#!/bin/bash

# Spins up a quick Vagrant box. Run without arguments for help.

vagrant_dir="${HOME}/vagrant"
box_dir="temp"
ssh_port="2202"
ssh_pubkey_path="${HOME}/.ssh/id_rsa.pub"
custom_script="${HOME}/bin/custom-server-tools.sh"
vagrant_public_box_url="https://app.vagrantup.com/boxes/search"

usage_short() {
  local program=`basename ${0}`
  echo "
Usage:

# Help
${program} -h

# Box management
${program} -u [-p <boxes-dir>]
${program} -l [-p <boxes-dir>]
${program} -r [-p <boxes-dir>]
${program} -d [-p <boxes-dir>]
${program} -c [-p <boxes-dir>] [-k <ssh-pubkey-file>] [-s <custom-script>] [box-dir] [ssh-port]
"
}

usage() {
  usage_short
  echo "This script provides support for developers who need to create, start, stop
and remove lots of Vagrant boxes with ease.

It handles the most common extra tasks around creating a Vagrant box to get it
to a state of immediate use for local development, and provides an interface
to quickly tear things down when no longer needed. It also includes some simple
switches for selectively starting, stopping, and restarting VMs.

Note that you have to have added boxes to your local Vagrant install in order
for them to be available for quick creation. That can be accomplished by
running:

  vagrant box add [box path]

Where box path is a full URL to a box, or a relative path to a box hosted in
the public catalog -- this is a very easy place to find all the common distros.

For example, to install this box:

  https://app.vagrantup.com/bento/boxes/debian-8.9

You would run:

  vagrant box add bento/debian-8.9

Their search page is a great place to start:

  ${vagrant_public_box_url}

The script only installs the most basic Vagrant config needed to get the box
running. From there, Vagrant-specific customizations can be made.

A created box has these additional janitorial tasks completed:

  - Installs vagrant-vbguest plugin on host machine (auto Guest Additions updates)
  - SELinux disabled if necessary.
  - Sensible local hostname configured.
  - Rsync and Vim installed.
  - Root SSH access configured with a handy output of client-side SSH config.
  - Optional custom script executed if SSH client-side config has been
    pre-configured (very handy for loading additional customizations to the
    VM).

Arguments:

  -h: This help message.

  -u: Bring a box up. A list will be provided from ${vagrant_dir}.

  -l: Halt a box. A list will be provided from ${vagrant_dir}.

  -r: Reload a box. A list will be provided from ${vagrant_dir}.

  -d: Delete a box. A list will be provided from ${vagrant_dir}.

  -c: Create a box. The box will be created in box-dir inside the
      ${vagrant_dir} directory.

      box-dir: Directory to create the box under ${vagrant_dir}. Default is
      '${box_dir}'.
      ssh-port: Host port for SSH access. Default '${ssh_port}'.

  -m: Select multiple boxes for the action (only works for up/reload/halt).

  -p <path>: Override the base directory, default is '${vagrant_dir}'.

  -k <filepath>: Path to SSH pubkey to insert into the box's root user
     authorized_keys file. Default is '${ssh_pubkey_path}'.

  -s <filepath>: Path to a custom script to execute if an SSH pubkey is
     installed on the VM. Default is '${custom_script}'. You must have an
     entry in .ssh/config where the Host name matches the box-dir name, or the
     script will not execute.

CAVEATS:

  - Most testing on latest releases of CentOS 6.x/7.x and Debian 7.x/8.x VMs,
    should work for any RHEL or Debian variants, YMMV.
  - Assumes 64-bit installations.
"
}

create_box() {
  local full_path=${vagrant_dir}/${box_dir}
  if [ -d "${full_path}" ]; then
    echo "${full_path} already exists..."
    _confirm_delete_box ${box_dir}
  fi
  local hostname="${box_dir}.local"
  local box_list=`vagrant box list | awk '{print $1}'`
  if [ -z "${box_list}" ]; then
    echo "
No local boxes found! Only locally installed boxes are available for quick
install. Run 'vagrant box add <box name>' to install a box locally. A great
list of boxes can be found here:

  ${vagrant_public_box_url}

"
    exit 1
  fi
  PS3="Select box to deploy: "
  select box in ${box_list}; do
    mkdir -p $full_path
    cd $full_path

    # All Vagrant boxes must have a configuration file named Vagrantfile in
    # the directory the box data will be saved.
    # If 'vagrant init' is executed, a default Vagrantfile will be created in
    # the directory where the command was executed.
    # Here, we roll our own because of the custom SSH port.
    cat > ${full_path}/Vagrantfile << EOF
Vagrant.configure(2) do |config|
  config.vm.box = "${box}"
  # Vagrant usually checks for versioned box updates, this disables the check.
  config.vm.box_check_update = false
  # Share SSH locally by default
  config.vm.network :forwarded_port,
    guest: 22,
    host: ${ssh_port},
    id: "ssh"
  # In case the vagrant-vbguest plugin is installed.
  config.respond_to?(:vbguest) && config.vbguest.auto_update = false
  # Uncomment this and edit as appropriate to add a shared folder.
  #config.vm.synced_folder "/full/path/on/host/", "/full/path/on/vm/", owner: "root", group: "root"

  config.vm.provider :virtualbox do |vb|
    vb.customize ["modifyvm", :id, "--rtcuseutc", "on"]
    # set timesync parameters to keep the clocks better in sync
    # sync time every 10 seconds
    vb.customize [ "guestproperty", "set", :id, "/VirtualBox/GuestAdd/VBoxService/--timesync-interval", 10000 ]
    # adjustments if drift > 100 ms
    vb.customize [ "guestproperty", "set", :id, "/VirtualBox/GuestAdd/VBoxService/--timesync-min-adjust", 100 ]
    # sync time on restore
    vb.customize [ "guestproperty", "set", :id, "/VirtualBox/GuestAdd/VBoxService/--timesync-set-on-restore", 1 ]
    # sync time on start
    vb.customize [ "guestproperty", "set", :id, "/VirtualBox/GuestAdd/VBoxService/--timesync-set-start", 1 ]
    # at 1 second drift, the time will be set and not "smoothly" adjusted
    vb.customize [ "guestproperty", "set", :id, "/VirtualBox/GuestAdd/VBoxService/--timesync-set-threshold", 1000 ]
  end
end

# vi: ft=ruby
EOF

    # Start up a configured Vagrant VM.
    vagrant up
    echo "Upgrading kernel (if necessary)..."
    vagrant ssh -- "test -f /usr/bin/yum && sudo yum -y update kernel*"
    vagrant ssh -- "test -f /usr/bin/apt-get && sudo apt-get -q update && sudo apt-get -q -y install linux-image-amd64"
    # No kernel updates for FreeBSD, freebsd-update can be run manually after
    # install.
    echo "Ensuring gcc/make/kernel-devel are installed..."
    vagrant ssh -- "test -f /usr/bin/yum && sudo yum -y install gcc make kernel-devel"
    vagrant ssh -- "test -f /usr/bin/apt-get && sudo apt-get -q -y install gcc make linux-headers-amd64"
    echo "Resetting SELinux (if necessary)..."
    # Execute an SSH command on the VM. The part after the double dash is
    # what gets passed to the VM for execution. By default, it's executed
    # as a non-privileged user named 'vagrant'. This user has sudo access.
    # If 'vagrant ssh' is run with no arguments, an SSH connection will be
    # opened to the box under the default user.
    vagrant ssh -- "test -f /etc/selinux/config && sudo sed -i -e 's/^SELINUX=.*/SELINUX=permissive/g' /etc/selinux/config"
    echo "Setting hostname..."
    vagrant ssh -- "test -f /etc/sysconfig/network && sudo sed -i -e 's/^HOSTNAME=.*/HOSTNAME=${hostname}/g' /etc/sysconfig/network"
    vagrant ssh -- "test -f /etc/hostname && echo ${hostname} | sudo tee /etc/hostname"
    vagrant ssh -- "test -f /etc/rc.conf && su - root -c \"sed -i -e 's/^hostname=.*/hostname=${hostname}/g' /etc/rc.conf\""
    # Without these hostfile entries, you can get long delays while DNS tries
    # to query for the host.
    echo "Configuring /etc/hosts..."
    vagrant ssh -- "echo '127.0.0.1 ${hostname} ${box_dir}' | sudo tee -a /etc/hosts"
    echo "Activating vagrant-vbguest plugin..."
    sed -i.bak "s/config\.vbguest\.auto_update = false$/config.vbguest.auto_update = true/" ${full_path}/Vagrantfile
    rm ${full_path}/Vagrantfile.bak
    echo "Checking for vagrant-vbguest plugin on host..."
    vbguest_exists=`vagrant plugin list | grep vagrant-vbguest`
    if [ -z "${vbguest_exists}" ]; then
      echo "Installing vagrant-vbguest plugin on host..."
      vagrant plugin install vagrant-vbguest
    fi
    echo "Rebooting server..."
    # Restart the server. Shortcut for 'vagrant halt; vagrant up'.
    vagrant reload
    # Let's make sure there's a way to sync over files, and a basic editor in place.
    echo "Installing basic packages..."
    vagrant ssh -- "test -f /usr/bin/yum && sudo yum -y install rsync vim-enhanced"
    vagrant ssh -- "test -f /usr/bin/apt-get && sudo apt-get -y install rsync vim"
    # The fstab entry is nessesary for bash to be able to function in FreeBSD.
    vagrant ssh -- "test -f /usr/sbin/pkg && su - root -c '/usr/bin/yes | pkg install rsync vim bash' && su - root -c 'echo \"fdesc	/dev/fd		fdescfs		rw	0	0\" > /etc/fstab'"
    # If the script finds a readable file at ${ssh_pubkey_path}, then it will
    # copy it to the authorized_keys file for the root user on the VM.
    if [ -r ${ssh_pubkey_path} ]; then
      echo "Setting up root SSH access..."
      local pubkey=`cat ${ssh_pubkey_path}`
      vagrant ssh -- "sudo mkdir -m 700 /root/.ssh"
      vagrant ssh -- "echo '${pubkey}' | sudo tee -a /root/.ssh/authorized_keys"
      ssh_config_exists=`cat ${HOME}/.ssh/config | grep "^Host ${box_dir}$"`
      # If the custom script is executable, and a Host entry matching
      # ${box_dir} is found in the SSH config, execute the custom script.
      if [ -x ${custom_script} ] && [ -n "${ssh_config_exists}" ]; then
        echo "Executing ${custom_script}..."
        ${custom_script} ${box_dir}
      fi
    fi
    break
  done

  echo "
SSH config.

Add the following to ${HOME}/.ssh/config for quick
root access to the server:

Host ${box_dir}
  Hostname localhost
  Port ${ssh_port}
  User root
  HostKeyAlias ${box_dir}
"
}

_delete_box() {
  local box_dir=${1}
  echo "Removing ${vagrant_dir}/${box_dir} virtual machine..."
  cd ${vagrant_dir}/${box_dir}
  # Delete the VM. --force overrides the 'Are you sure?' prompt.
  vagrant destroy --force
  cd ${vagrant_dir}
  # Bit of defensive programming here, in case for some freaky reason
  # ${box_dir} is empty, we don't want to wipe the entire vagrant dir.
  if [ -n "${box_dir}" ]; then
    rm -rf ${vagrant_dir}/${box_dir}
  fi
  echo "Removal complete."
}

_confirm_delete_box() {
  local box_dir=${1}
  echo -n "Are you sure you want to remove ${vagrant_dir}/${box_dir}? (y/N): "
  read KILL_VM
  if [ "${KILL_VM}" = "y" ]; then
    _delete_box ${box_dir}
  else
    echo "User cancelled"
    exit 0
  fi
}

_box_list() {
  local all_boxes=`ls -1 ${vagrant_dir} | tr -d "/"`
  echo "${all_boxes}"
}

_box_command() {
  local cmd="${1}"
  shift
  local box_list=("$@")
  for box_dir in "${box_list[@]}"; do
    echo "Performing command '${cmd}' for box '${box_dir}'"
    if [ -f "${vagrant_dir}/${box_dir}/Vagrantfile" ]; then
      cd ${vagrant_dir}/${box_dir}
      vagrant ${cmd}
    else
      echo "ERROR: ${vagrant_dir}/${box_dir} has no Vagrantfile"
    fi
  done
}

_check_valid_selection() {
  box_list=("$@")
  if [ ${#box_list[@]} -eq 0 ] || [ -z "${box_list[0]}" ]; then
    echo "ERROR: Invalid selection"
    return 1
  fi
}

multiselect() {
  local -n final_choices=${1}
  local action=${2}
  local choices=()
  local options=()

  rebuild_choices() {
    local selection_idx="${1}"
    local new_array=()
    local deleted=
    for i in "${choices[@]}"; do
      if [[ "${i}" = "${selection_idx}" ]]; then
        deleted="1"
      else
        new_array+=(${i})
      fi
    done
    if [[ -z "${deleted}" ]]; then
      new_array+=(${selection_idx})
    fi
    choices=("${new_array[@]}")
  }

  get_multiselect_choices() {
    get_choice_number() {
      local options_idx="${1}"
      local choice_num="  "
      local count=0
      for i in ${choices[@]}; do
        ((count++))
        if [[ "${i}" = "${options_idx}" ]]; then
          choice_num="*${count}"
          break
        fi
      done
      echo "${choice_num}"
    }

    menu() {
      for i in ${!options[@]}; do
        printf "%s %3d) %s\n" "$(get_choice_number $i)" $((i+1)) "${options[i]}"
      done
      if [[ "$msg" ]]; then
        echo "$msg"
      fi
    }

    prompt="Select boxes to ${action}, hit ENTER when all are selected: "
    while menu && read -rp "$prompt" num && [[ "$num" ]]; do
        [[ "$num" != *[![:digit:]]* ]] &&
        (( num > 0 && num <= ${#options[@]} )) ||
        { msg="Invalid option: $num"; continue; }
        ((num--)); msg=""
        rebuild_choices ${num}
    done
  }

  build_select_options() {
    for box_dir in $(_box_list); do
      options+=("${box_dir}")
    done
  }

  build_final_choices() {
    for i in ${choices[@]}; do
      final_choices+=("${options[${i}]}")
    done
  }

  build_select_options
  get_multiselect_choices
  build_final_choices
}

_get_selected_boxes() {
  local action="${1}"
  local -n arr=$2
  if [ "${multiselect}" = "1" ]; then
    multiselect arr "${action}"
  else
    PS3="Select box to ${action}: "
    select box_dir in `_box_list`; do
      arr=("${box_dir}")
      break
    done
  fi
}

up_box() {
  local box_list
  _get_selected_boxes "bring up" box_list
  _check_valid_selection "${box_list[@]}" && _box_command up "${box_list[@]}"
}

halt_box() {
  local box_list
  _get_selected_boxes "halt" box_list
  _check_valid_selection "${box_list[@]}" && _box_command halt "${box_list[@]}"
}

reload_box() {
  local box_list
  _get_selected_boxes "reload" box_list
  _check_valid_selection "${box_list[@]}" && _box_command reload "${box_list[@]}"
}

delete_box() {
  PS3="Select box to delete: "
  select box_dir in `_box_list`; do
    _check_valid_selection "${box_dir}" && _confirm_delete_box ${box_dir}
    break
  done
}

action=
multiselect=
while getopts ":hdulrmcp:k:s:" option; do
  case ${option} in
    h )
      usage
      exit 0
    ;;
    d )
      action="delete_box"
    ;;
    u )
      action="up_box"
    ;;
    l )
      action="halt_box"
    ;;
    r )
      action="reload_box"
    ;;
    c )
      action="create_box"
    ;;
    m )
      multiselect=1
    ;;
    p )
      vagrant_dir=${OPTARG}
    ;;
    k )
      ssh_pubkey_path=${OPTARG}
    ;;
    s )
      custom_script=${OPTARG}
    ;;
  esac
done

shift $((${OPTIND} - 1))
if [ "${action}" = "create_box" ]; then
  if [ -n "${1}" ]; then
    box_dir=${1}
    shift 1
    if [ -n "${1}" ]; then
      ssh_port=${1}
      shift 1
    fi
  fi
fi

if [ $# -gt 0 ]; then
  usage_short
  exit 1
elif [ -z "${action}" ]; then
  usage_short
  exit 0
else
  CWD=`pwd`
  ${action}
  cd ${CWD}
  exit 0
fi
	#!/bin/bash

	# Spins up a quick Vagrant box. Run without arguments for help.

	vagrant_dir="${HOME}/vagrant"
	box_dir="temp"
	ssh_port="2202"
	ssh_pubkey_path="${HOME}/.ssh/id_rsa.pub"
	custom_script="${HOME}/bin/custom-server-tools.sh"
	vagrant_public_box_url="https://app.vagrantup.com/boxes/search"

	usage_short() {
	local program=`basename ${0}`
	echo "
	Usage:

	# Help
	${program} -h

	# Box management
	${program} -u [-p <boxes-dir>]
	${program} -l [-p <boxes-dir>]
	${program} -r [-p <boxes-dir>]
	${program} -d [-p <boxes-dir>]
	${program} -c [-p <boxes-dir>] [-k <ssh-pubkey-file>] [-s <custom-script>] [box-dir] [ssh-port]
	"
	}

	usage() {
	usage_short
	echo "This script provides support for developers who need to create, start, stop
	and remove lots of Vagrant boxes with ease.

	It handles the most common extra tasks around creating a Vagrant box to get it
	to a state of immediate use for local development, and provides an interface
	to quickly tear things down when no longer needed. It also includes some simple
	switches for selectively starting, stopping, and restarting VMs.

	Note that you have to have added boxes to your local Vagrant install in order
	for them to be available for quick creation. That can be accomplished by
	running:

	vagrant box add [box path]

	Where box path is a full URL to a box, or a relative path to a box hosted in
	the public catalog -- this is a very easy place to find all the common distros.

	For example, to install this box:

	https://app.vagrantup.com/bento/boxes/debian-8.9

	You would run:

	vagrant box add bento/debian-8.9

	Their search page is a great place to start:

	${vagrant_public_box_url}

	The script only installs the most basic Vagrant config needed to get the box
	running. From there, Vagrant-specific customizations can be made.

	A created box has these additional janitorial tasks completed:

	- Installs vagrant-vbguest plugin on host machine (auto Guest Additions updates)
	- SELinux disabled if necessary.
	- Sensible local hostname configured.
	- Rsync and Vim installed.
	- Root SSH access configured with a handy output of client-side SSH config.
	- Optional custom script executed if SSH client-side config has been
	pre-configured (very handy for loading additional customizations to the
	VM).

	Arguments:

	-h: This help message.

	-u: Bring a box up. A list will be provided from ${vagrant_dir}.

	-l: Halt a box. A list will be provided from ${vagrant_dir}.

	-r: Reload a box. A list will be provided from ${vagrant_dir}.

	-d: Delete a box. A list will be provided from ${vagrant_dir}.

	-c: Create a box. The box will be created in box-dir inside the
	${vagrant_dir} directory.

	box-dir: Directory to create the box under ${vagrant_dir}. Default is
	'${box_dir}'.
	ssh-port: Host port for SSH access. Default '${ssh_port}'.

	-m: Select multiple boxes for the action (only works for up/reload/halt).

	-p <path>: Override the base directory, default is '${vagrant_dir}'.

	-k <filepath>: Path to SSH pubkey to insert into the box's root user
	authorized_keys file. Default is '${ssh_pubkey_path}'.

	-s <filepath>: Path to a custom script to execute if an SSH pubkey is
	installed on the VM. Default is '${custom_script}'. You must have an
	entry in .ssh/config where the Host name matches the box-dir name, or the
	script will not execute.

	CAVEATS:

	- Most testing on latest releases of CentOS 6.x/7.x and Debian 7.x/8.x VMs,
	should work for any RHEL or Debian variants, YMMV.
	- Assumes 64-bit installations.
	"
	}

	create_box() {
	local full_path=${vagrant_dir}/${box_dir}
	if [ -d "${full_path}" ]; then
	echo "${full_path} already exists..."
	_confirm_delete_box ${box_dir}
	fi
	local hostname="${box_dir}.local"
	local box_list=`vagrant box list \| awk '{print $1}'`
	if [ -z "${box_list}" ]; then
	echo "
	No local boxes found! Only locally installed boxes are available for quick
	install. Run 'vagrant box add <box name>' to install a box locally. A great
	list of boxes can be found here:

	${vagrant_public_box_url}

	"
	exit 1
	fi
	PS3="Select box to deploy: "
	select box in ${box_list}; do
	mkdir -p $full_path
	cd $full_path

	# All Vagrant boxes must have a configuration file named Vagrantfile in
	# the directory the box data will be saved.
	# If 'vagrant init' is executed, a default Vagrantfile will be created in
	# the directory where the command was executed.
	# Here, we roll our own because of the custom SSH port.
	cat > ${full_path}/Vagrantfile << EOF
	Vagrant.configure(2) do \|config\|
	config.vm.box = "${box}"
	# Vagrant usually checks for versioned box updates, this disables the check.
	config.vm.box_check_update = false
	# Share SSH locally by default
	config.vm.network :forwarded_port,
	guest: 22,
	host: ${ssh_port},
	id: "ssh"
	# In case the vagrant-vbguest plugin is installed.
	config.respond_to?(:vbguest) && config.vbguest.auto_update = false
	# Uncomment this and edit as appropriate to add a shared folder.
	#config.vm.synced_folder "/full/path/on/host/", "/full/path/on/vm/", owner: "root", group: "root"

	config.vm.provider :virtualbox do \|vb\|
	vb.customize ["modifyvm", :id, "--rtcuseutc", "on"]
	# set timesync parameters to keep the clocks better in sync
	# sync time every 10 seconds
	vb.customize [ "guestproperty", "set", :id, "/VirtualBox/GuestAdd/VBoxService/--timesync-interval", 10000 ]
	# adjustments if drift > 100 ms
	vb.customize [ "guestproperty", "set", :id, "/VirtualBox/GuestAdd/VBoxService/--timesync-min-adjust", 100 ]
	# sync time on restore
	vb.customize [ "guestproperty", "set", :id, "/VirtualBox/GuestAdd/VBoxService/--timesync-set-on-restore", 1 ]
	# sync time on start
	vb.customize [ "guestproperty", "set", :id, "/VirtualBox/GuestAdd/VBoxService/--timesync-set-start", 1 ]
	# at 1 second drift, the time will be set and not "smoothly" adjusted
	vb.customize [ "guestproperty", "set", :id, "/VirtualBox/GuestAdd/VBoxService/--timesync-set-threshold", 1000 ]
	end
	end

	# vi: ft=ruby
	EOF

	# Start up a configured Vagrant VM.
	vagrant up
	echo "Upgrading kernel (if necessary)..."
	vagrant ssh -- "test -f /usr/bin/yum && sudo yum -y update kernel*"
	vagrant ssh -- "test -f /usr/bin/apt-get && sudo apt-get -q update && sudo apt-get -q -y install linux-image-amd64"
	# No kernel updates for FreeBSD, freebsd-update can be run manually after
	# install.
	echo "Ensuring gcc/make/kernel-devel are installed..."
	vagrant ssh -- "test -f /usr/bin/yum && sudo yum -y install gcc make kernel-devel"
	vagrant ssh -- "test -f /usr/bin/apt-get && sudo apt-get -q -y install gcc make linux-headers-amd64"
	echo "Resetting SELinux (if necessary)..."
	# Execute an SSH command on the VM. The part after the double dash is
	# what gets passed to the VM for execution. By default, it's executed
	# as a non-privileged user named 'vagrant'. This user has sudo access.
	# If 'vagrant ssh' is run with no arguments, an SSH connection will be
	# opened to the box under the default user.
	vagrant ssh -- "test -f /etc/selinux/config && sudo sed -i -e 's/^SELINUX=.*/SELINUX=permissive/g' /etc/selinux/config"
	echo "Setting hostname..."
	vagrant ssh -- "test -f /etc/sysconfig/network && sudo sed -i -e 's/^HOSTNAME=.*/HOSTNAME=${hostname}/g' /etc/sysconfig/network"
	vagrant ssh -- "test -f /etc/hostname && echo ${hostname} \| sudo tee /etc/hostname"
	vagrant ssh -- "test -f /etc/rc.conf && su - root -c \"sed -i -e 's/^hostname=.*/hostname=${hostname}/g' /etc/rc.conf\""
	# Without these hostfile entries, you can get long delays while DNS tries
	# to query for the host.
	echo "Configuring /etc/hosts..."
	vagrant ssh -- "echo '127.0.0.1 ${hostname} ${box_dir}' \| sudo tee -a /etc/hosts"
	echo "Activating vagrant-vbguest plugin..."
	sed -i.bak "s/config\.vbguest\.auto_update = false$/config.vbguest.auto_update = true/" ${full_path}/Vagrantfile
	rm ${full_path}/Vagrantfile.bak
	echo "Checking for vagrant-vbguest plugin on host..."
	vbguest_exists=`vagrant plugin list \| grep vagrant-vbguest`
	if [ -z "${vbguest_exists}" ]; then
	echo "Installing vagrant-vbguest plugin on host..."
	vagrant plugin install vagrant-vbguest
	fi
	echo "Rebooting server..."
	# Restart the server. Shortcut for 'vagrant halt; vagrant up'.
	vagrant reload
	# Let's make sure there's a way to sync over files, and a basic editor in place.
	echo "Installing basic packages..."
	vagrant ssh -- "test -f /usr/bin/yum && sudo yum -y install rsync vim-enhanced"
	vagrant ssh -- "test -f /usr/bin/apt-get && sudo apt-get -y install rsync vim"
	# The fstab entry is nessesary for bash to be able to function in FreeBSD.
	vagrant ssh -- "test -f /usr/sbin/pkg && su - root -c '/usr/bin/yes \| pkg install rsync vim bash' && su - root -c 'echo \"fdesc /dev/fd fdescfs rw 0 0\" > /etc/fstab'"
	# If the script finds a readable file at ${ssh_pubkey_path}, then it will
	# copy it to the authorized_keys file for the root user on the VM.
	if [ -r ${ssh_pubkey_path} ]; then
	echo "Setting up root SSH access..."
	local pubkey=`cat ${ssh_pubkey_path}`
	vagrant ssh -- "sudo mkdir -m 700 /root/.ssh"
	vagrant ssh -- "echo '${pubkey}' \| sudo tee -a /root/.ssh/authorized_keys"
	ssh_config_exists=`cat ${HOME}/.ssh/config \| grep "^Host ${box_dir}$"`
	# If the custom script is executable, and a Host entry matching
	# ${box_dir} is found in the SSH config, execute the custom script.
	if [ -x ${custom_script} ] && [ -n "${ssh_config_exists}" ]; then
	echo "Executing ${custom_script}..."
	${custom_script} ${box_dir}
	fi
	fi
	break
	done

	echo "
	SSH config.

	Add the following to ${HOME}/.ssh/config for quick
	root access to the server:

	Host ${box_dir}
	Hostname localhost
	Port ${ssh_port}
	User root
	HostKeyAlias ${box_dir}
	"
	}

	_delete_box() {
	local box_dir=${1}
	echo "Removing ${vagrant_dir}/${box_dir} virtual machine..."
	cd ${vagrant_dir}/${box_dir}
	# Delete the VM. --force overrides the 'Are you sure?' prompt.
	vagrant destroy --force
	cd ${vagrant_dir}
	# Bit of defensive programming here, in case for some freaky reason
	# ${box_dir} is empty, we don't want to wipe the entire vagrant dir.
	if [ -n "${box_dir}" ]; then
	rm -rf ${vagrant_dir}/${box_dir}
	fi
	echo "Removal complete."
	}

	_confirm_delete_box() {
	local box_dir=${1}
	echo -n "Are you sure you want to remove ${vagrant_dir}/${box_dir}? (y/N): "
	read KILL_VM
	if [ "${KILL_VM}" = "y" ]; then
	_delete_box ${box_dir}
	else
	echo "User cancelled"
	exit 0
	fi
	}

	_box_list() {
	local all_boxes=`ls -1 ${vagrant_dir} \| tr -d "/"`
	echo "${all_boxes}"
	}

	_box_command() {
	local cmd="${1}"
	shift
	local box_list=("$@")
	for box_dir in "${box_list[@]}"; do
	echo "Performing command '${cmd}' for box '${box_dir}'"
	if [ -f "${vagrant_dir}/${box_dir}/Vagrantfile" ]; then
	cd ${vagrant_dir}/${box_dir}
	vagrant ${cmd}
	else
	echo "ERROR: ${vagrant_dir}/${box_dir} has no Vagrantfile"
	fi
	done
	}

	_check_valid_selection() {
	box_list=("$@")
	if [ ${#box_list[@]} -eq 0 ] \|\| [ -z "${box_list[0]}" ]; then
	echo "ERROR: Invalid selection"
	return 1
	fi
	}

	multiselect() {
	local -n final_choices=${1}
	local action=${2}
	local choices=()
	local options=()

	rebuild_choices() {
	local selection_idx="${1}"
	local new_array=()
	local deleted=
	for i in "${choices[@]}"; do
	if [[ "${i}" = "${selection_idx}" ]]; then
	deleted="1"
	else
	new_array+=(${i})
	fi
	done
	if [[ -z "${deleted}" ]]; then
	new_array+=(${selection_idx})
	fi
	choices=("${new_array[@]}")
	}

	get_multiselect_choices() {
	get_choice_number() {
	local options_idx="${1}"
	local choice_num=" "
	local count=0
	for i in ${choices[@]}; do
	((count++))
	if [[ "${i}" = "${options_idx}" ]]; then
	choice_num="*${count}"
	break
	fi
	done
	echo "${choice_num}"
	}

	menu() {
	for i in ${!options[@]}; do
	printf "%s %3d) %s\n" "$(get_choice_number $i)" $((i+1)) "${options[i]}"
	done
	if [[ "$msg" ]]; then
	echo "$msg"
	fi
	}

	prompt="Select boxes to ${action}, hit ENTER when all are selected: "
	while menu && read -rp "$prompt" num && [[ "$num" ]]; do
	[[ "$num" != [![:digit:]] ]] &&
	(( num > 0 && num <= ${#options[@]} )) \|\|
	{ msg="Invalid option: $num"; continue; }
	((num--)); msg=""
	rebuild_choices ${num}
	done
	}

	build_select_options() {
	for box_dir in $(_box_list); do
	options+=("${box_dir}")
	done
	}

	build_final_choices() {
	for i in ${choices[@]}; do
	final_choices+=("${options[${i}]}")
	done
	}

	build_select_options
	get_multiselect_choices
	build_final_choices
	}

	_get_selected_boxes() {
	local action="${1}"
	local -n arr=$2
	if [ "${multiselect}" = "1" ]; then
	multiselect arr "${action}"
	else
	PS3="Select box to ${action}: "
	select box_dir in `_box_list`; do
	arr=("${box_dir}")
	break
	done
	fi
	}

	up_box() {
	local box_list
	_get_selected_boxes "bring up" box_list
	_check_valid_selection "${box_list[@]}" && _box_command up "${box_list[@]}"
	}

	halt_box() {
	local box_list
	_get_selected_boxes "halt" box_list
	_check_valid_selection "${box_list[@]}" && _box_command halt "${box_list[@]}"
	}

	reload_box() {
	local box_list
	_get_selected_boxes "reload" box_list
	_check_valid_selection "${box_list[@]}" && _box_command reload "${box_list[@]}"
	}

	delete_box() {
	PS3="Select box to delete: "
	select box_dir in `_box_list`; do
	_check_valid_selection "${box_dir}" && _confirm_delete_box ${box_dir}
	break
	done
	}

	action=
	multiselect=
	while getopts ":hdulrmcp:k:s:" option; do
	case ${option} in
	h )
	usage
	exit 0
	;;
	d )
	action="delete_box"
	;;
	u )
	action="up_box"
	;;
	l )
	action="halt_box"
	;;
	r )
	action="reload_box"
	;;
	c )
	action="create_box"
	;;
	m )
	multiselect=1
	;;
	p )
	vagrant_dir=${OPTARG}
	;;
	k )
	ssh_pubkey_path=${OPTARG}
	;;
	s )
	custom_script=${OPTARG}
	;;
	esac
	done

	shift $((${OPTIND} - 1))
	if [ "${action}" = "create_box" ]; then
	if [ -n "${1}" ]; then
	box_dir=${1}
	shift 1
	if [ -n "${1}" ]; then
	ssh_port=${1}
	shift 1
	fi
	fi
	fi

	if [ $# -gt 0 ]; then
	usage_short
	exit 1
	elif [ -z "${action}" ]; then
	usage_short
	exit 0
	else
	CWD=`pwd`
	${action}
	cd ${CWD}
	exit 0
	fi