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_dev.md

2022

June

  • My first contribution to Homebrew

    • New Formula: GOCR

  • Model View Controller Store: Reinventing MVC for SwiftUI with Boutique

    I've built a batteries-included Store that comes with everything you'll need out of the box called Boutique to be the foundation for that data. Boutique does no behind the scenes magic and doesn't resort to shenanigans like runtime hacking to achieve a great developer experience.

  • SwiftUI Index

    SwiftUI Changelog

  • SiriTipView

    A SwiftUI view that displays the phrase someone uses to invoke an App Shortcut.

    Use a SiriTipView to display the spoken phrase for the intent you specify. Include an instance of your intent when you create the view, and bind the view to a Boolean to handle the view’s presentation. The following example shows how to configure a button for a reorder intent and bind it to an isInserted variable.

  • WebAuthn — A better alternative for securing our sensitive information online

    The Web Authentication API (also known as WebAuthn) is a specification written by the W3C and FIDO, with the participation of Google, Mozilla, Microsoft, Yubico, and others. The API allows servers to register and authenticate users using public key cryptography instead of a password.

  • Mastering NavigationStack in SwiftUI. Navigator Pattern.

    SwiftUI is the declarative data-driven framework allowing us to build complex user interfaces by defining the data rendering on the screen. Navigation was the main pain point of the framework from the very first day. Fortunately, things have changed since WWDC 22, and SwiftUI provides the new data-driven Navigation API.

  • WWDC 22 Digital Lounge Archive (SwiftUI + Design)

    To help future us (and you!), we’ve copied every question/answer from the lounges of special interest to us: SwiftUI and design. I bet we’ll be referencing them throughout development, and we expect many others to do too. So many valuable insights and tips!

  • #HEXWORDS

    Why bother with a random green when you can choose to be a #BADA55!

  • App Clips Diagnostic Tool

    App Clip diagnostics checks App Clip experiences that use physical codes, Safari and iMessage, and it will also check your universal link associated domains configuration. This simple new tool makes it so much easier to get your configuration right.

  • Replace CAPTCHAs with Private Access Tokens

    Don't be captured by CAPTCHAs! Private Access Tokens are a powerful alternative that help you identify HTTP requests from legitimate devices and people without compromising their identity or personal information. We'll show you how your app and server can take advantage of this tool to add confidence to your online transactions and preserve privacy.

  • Eliminate data races using Swift Concurrency

    Join us as we explore one of the core concepts in Swift concurrency: isolation of tasks and actors. We'll take you through Swift's approach to eliminating data races and its effect on app architecture. We'll also discuss the importance of atomicity in your code, share the nuances of Sendable checking to maintain isolation, and revisit assumptions about ordering work in a concurrent system.

  • Efficiency awaits: Background tasks in SwiftUI

    Background Tasks help apps respond to system events and keep time-sensitive data up to date. Learn how you can use the SwiftUI Background Tasks API to handle tasks succinctly. We'll show you how to use Swift Concurrency to handle network responses, background refresh, and more — all while preserving performance and power.

  • Demystify parallelization in Xcode builds

    Learn how the Xcode build system extracts maximum parallelism from your builds. We'll explore how you can structure your project to improve build efficiency, take you through the process for resolving relationships between targets' build phases in Xcode, and share how you can take full advantage of available hardware resources when compiling in Swift. We'll also introduce you to Build Timeline — a powerful tool to help you monitor your build efficiency and performance.

  • Debug Swift debugging with LLDB

    Learn how you can set up complex Swift projects for debugging. We'll take you on a deep dive into the internals of LLDB and debug info. We'll also share best practices for complex scenarios such as debugging code built on build servers or code from custom build systems.

  • Resizable Sheet in SwiftUI

    Starting from iOS 16 we can present resizable sheets natively in SwiftUI. In this article we'll look into what we can achieve with the new APIs and what limitations they have in comparison with UIKit.

  • Design protocol interfaces in Swift

    Learn how you can use Swift 5.7 to design advanced abstractions using protocols. We'll show you how to use existential types, explore how you can separate implementation from interface with opaque result types, and share the same-type requirements that can help you identify and guarantee relationships between concrete types.

  • navigationDestination(for:destination:)

    Associates a destination view with a presented data type for use within a navigation stack.

  • About the security of passkeys

    Passkeys are a replacement for passwords. They are faster to sign in with, easier to use, and much more secure.

    Passkeys are a replacement for passwords that are designed to provide websites and apps a passwordless sign-in experience that is both more convenient and more secure. Passkeys are a standard-based technology that, unlike passwords, are resistant to phishing, are always strong, and are designed so that there are no shared secrets. They simplify account registration for apps and websites, are easy to use, and work across all of your Apple devices, and even non-Apple devices within physical proximity.

  • Compose custom layouts with SwiftUI

    SwiftUI now offers powerful tools to level up your layouts and arrange views for your app's interface. We'll introduce you to the Grid container, which helps you create highly customizable, two-dimensional layouts, and show you how you can use the Layout protocol to build your own containers with completely custom behavior. We'll also explore how you can create seamless animated transitions between your layout types, and share tips and best practices for creating great interfaces.

  • Bringing robust navigation structure to your SwiftUI app

    Use navigation links, stacks, destinations, and paths to provide a streamlined experience for all platforms, as well as behaviors such as deep linking and state restoration.

  • NavigationStack

    A view that displays a root view and enables you to present additional views over the root view.

    Use a navigation stack to present a stack of views over a root view. People can add views to the top of the stack by clicking or tapping a NavigationLink, and remove views using built-in, platform-appropriate controls, like a Back button or a swipe gesture. The stack always displays the most recently added view that hasn’t been removed, and doesn’t allow the root view to be removed.

  • Creating Lock Screen Widgets and Watch Complications

    Create accessory widgets that appear on the iPhone Lock Screen and as complications on Apple Watch.

    Starting with iOS 16 and watchOS 9, WidgetKit allows you to extend the reach of your app to the Lock Screen on iPhone and to the watch face as complications on Apple Watch. They are constantly visible, display your app’s most relevant, glanceable content, and let people quickly access your app for more details.

  • Embrace Swift generics

    Generics are a fundamental tool for writing abstract code in Swift. Learn how you can identify opportunities for abstraction as your code evolves, evaluate strategies for writing one piece of code with many behaviors, and discover language features in Swift 5.7 that can help you make generic code easier to write and understand.

  • The SwiftUI cookbook for navigation

    The recipe for a great app begins with a clear and robust navigation structure. Join the SwiftUI team in our proverbial coding kitchen and learn how you can cook up a great experience for your app. We'll introduce you to SwiftUI's navigation stack and split view features, show you how you can link to specific areas of your app, and explore how you can quickly and easily restore navigational state.

  • Supporting Passkeys

    Eliminate passwords for your users when they sign in to apps and websites.

    Passkeys use iCloud Keychain public key credentials, eliminating the need for passwords. Instead, they rely on biometric identification such as Touch ID and Face ID in iOS, or a specific confirmation in macOS for generating and authenticating accounts.

  • Link fast: Improve build and launch times

    Discover how to improve your app's build and runtime linking performance. We'll take you behind the scenes to learn more about linking, your options, and the latest updates that improve the link performance of your app.

  • Improve app size and runtime performance

    Learn how we've optimized the Swift and Objective-C runtimes to help you make your app smaller, quicker, and launch faster. Discover how you can get access to efficient protocol checks, smaller message send calls, and optimized ARC simply when you build your app with Xcode 14 and update your deployment target.

  • Meet distributed actors in Swift

    Discover distributed actors — an extension of Swift's actor model that simplifies development of distributed systems. We'll explore how distributed actor isolation and location transparency can help you avoid the accidental complexity of networking, serialization, and other transport concerns when working with distributed apps and systems.

  • Demystify parallelization in Xcode builds

    Learn how the Xcode build system extracts maximum parallelism from your builds. We'll explore how you can structure your project to improve build efficiency, take you through the process for resolving relationships between targets' build phases in Xcode, and share how you can take full advantage of available hardware resources when compiling in Swift. We'll also introduce you to Build Timeline — a powerful tool to help you monitor your build efficiency and performance.

  • Build device-to-device interactions with Network Framework

    Learn how you can create integrated content experiences across multiple devices. We'll introduce you to DeviceDiscoveryUI, which makes it easy to set up communication pathways and connect Apple TV with other devices like iPhone, iPad and Apple Watch. We'll also explore common scenarios and provide best practices to help you enable frictionless device-to-device connectivity.

  • Use SwiftUI with UIKit

    Learn how to take advantage of the power of SwiftUI in your UIKit app. Build custom UICollectionView and UITableView cells seamlessly with SwiftUI using UIHostingConfiguration. We'll also show you how to manage data flow between UIKit and SwiftUI components within your app. To get the most out of this session, we encourage basic familiarity with SwiftUI.

  • Using SwiftUI with UIKit (Sample Code)

    Learn how to incorporate SwiftUI views into a UIKit app.

  • Enabling Developer Mode on a device

    Grant or deny permission for locally installed apps to run on iOS, iPadOS, and watchOS devices.

  • HTTP Live Streaming

    Send live and on‐demand audio and video to iPhone, iPad, Mac, Apple Watch, Apple TV, and PC with HTTP Live Streaming (HLS) technology from Apple. Using the same protocol that powers the web, HLS lets you deploy content using ordinary web servers and content delivery networks. HLS is designed for reliability and dynamically adapts to network conditions by optimizing playback for the available speed of wired and wireless connections.

  • Using Apple's HTTP Live Streaming (HLS) Tools

    Segment your video stream and create media playlists for successful transmission with Apple’s provided tools.

  • Introducing Low-Latency HLS (2019)

    Since its introduction in 2009, HTTP Live Streaming (HLS) has enabled the delivery of countless live and on‐demand audio and video streams globally. With the introduction of a new Low-Latency mode, latencies of less than two seconds are now achievable over public networks at scale, while still offering backwards compatibility to existing clients. Learn about how to develop and configure your content delivery systems to take advantage of this new technology.

  • AttributedString.swift

    A playground that shows how to use Swift's AttributedString with Markdown

May

  • SwiftUI Property Wrappers

    Deciding when to use each of SwiftUI's key property wrappers decision_draft

  • Identity Pinning: How to configure server certificates for your app

    If your app sends or receives data over the network, it’s critical to preserve the privacy and integrity of a person’s information and protect it from data breaches and attacks. You should use the Transport Layer Security (TLS) protocol to protect content in transit and authenticate the server receiving the data.

    When you connect through TLS, the server provides a certificate or certificate chain to establish its identity. You can further limit the set of server certificates your app trusts by pinning their public-key identities in your app. Here’s how to get started.

  • Short Posts and Tips (Swift/iOS)

    Swift/iOS tips and tricks

  • Detecting SwiftUI preview mode

    There may come a time when you need to know whether or not a view is being rendered in a preview or not, or rather if an Xcode process is running for an SwiftUI preview or not.

  • SwiftUI: Understanding identity via transitions

    In SwiftUI, identity holds the key to understanding how the rendering system works. A View's identity tells SwiftUI which of that View's values correspond to the same rendered view over time. This identity has strong implications for correctness, performance, and as we will see, transitions.

  • Faster Xcode builds when switching branches

    An approach here is to have multiple copies of your repository. Then you don’t need to worry about stashing any un-comitted work and you can dodge the aforementioned Xcode woes. Alas this also means you need to keep these two copies of the repo up to date. Turns out that git actually supports this out of the box without having to tend to your multiple repo copies manually. The answer is git worktrees🌲.

  • macOS Tips & Tricks

    Hold down Shift and Option when changing the volume level or brightness to make smaller adjustments.

    Hold Control and Shift while mousing over the Dock to temporarily enable magnification.

    ⌘R replies to the latest message in the conversation. ⇧⌘R replies to the latest thread in the conversation.

  • Xcode-Shortcuts

    Visual Xcode shortcuts which will help to speed up your development 🚀.

  • Copy Images from Storyboards and XIBs

    So yesterday I learned something that blew my mind. If you're in Interface Builder and you copy a UI element, you can paste it into an image editor like Photoshop and you get just the UI element with full transparency! 🤯

  • The SwiftUI render loop

    We will first look into a number of examples of such cases where it is useful to know how the SwiftUI render loop works. Then we will explore the render loop in more detail and ask questions such as: when exactly is the body of a SwiftUI view evaluated. Not "when" as in under what circumstances, but as in: at which point in time? Is a view always drawn on screen immediately after a body is evaluated? How related are body evaluation and screen rendering even? We sometimes use the word "render" for evaluating a body of a view, does that even make sense?

  • Creating hex-based colors in UIKit, AppKit and SwiftUI

    Although you can use asset catalogs to define colors for your apps and frameworks, there may come a time when you have to create colors from hex codes, for instance when fetching colors from a web api.

    You may find it strange that neither UIKit, AppKit nor SwiftUI has initializers for creating colors with hex codes, and you’d be right to think so. Since Apple provides initializers that let you define red, green, blue and alpha values separately, it’s a bit strange.

  • How @MainActor works

    @MainActor is a Swift annotation to coerce a function to always run on the main thread and to enable the compiler to verify this. How does this work? In this article, I’m going to reimplement @MainActor in a slightly simplified form for illustration purposes, mainly to show how little “magic” there is to it.

  • Swift Code Injection using dyld_dynamic_interpose

    To inject code into an application the first step is to recompile the file being injected.The correct command for this is extracted the Xcode “.xcactivitylog” files and theresulting object file is linked to a dynamic library that is loaded into the application.

  • Trickery to Tame Big WebAssembly Binaries

    What can we do? In this post I go over some techniques I've been playing with. They're largely hacks, so please only read for enjoyment and not edification. :)

  • Weak Self — Closure Rules of Thumb
    1. Only use a strong self for non-@escaping closures (ideally, omit it & trust the compiler)
    2. Use weak self if you’re not sure
    3. Upgrade self to a strongly-retained self at the top of your closure.

April

  • How much does more memory benefit Xcode?

    Xcode alone can fill the RAM on a 16GB system. Yeah, okay, half of that is "Cached Files" (not app memory) so the effect is subtle. Incremental builds are 5% slower compared to a 32GB system but clean builds are about the same.

  • Model View Controller for SwiftUI

    Overall SwiftUI has been well received after its introduction. However, something most developers stumble upon quickly is how to structure non-trivial applications. One option is to just stick to MVC and get a reasonably clean architecture that isn’t full of hacks.

  • Using new Swift Async Algorithms package to close the gap on Combine

    As developers have started adopting the new Swift Concurrency functionality introduced in Swift 5.5, a key area of interest has been around how this works with the Combine framework and how much of existing Combine based functionality can be replaced with async/await, AsyncSequence etc based code. In particular there has been some discussion around how Combine Publishers can be replaced by AsyncSequence and, in that context, one noted gap in initial offerering was difference in the range of operators available for both approaches. There have been attempts already to close that gap using, for example, projects like AsyncExtensions but, with the announcment recently of Swift Async Algorithms package, we will now have a more standard approach to supporting some of those missing operators. In this article I’m going to outline an example of how existing Combine Publisher based code can be replaced with code based on use of AsyncSequence and Swift Async Algorithms.

  • Concurrent/Async barrier

    Periodic reminder that you probably don’t want the “concurrent” flag on dispatch queues in general, but you especially don’t want the popular “barrier async set, sync get” atomic property antipattern. It’s like using a 747 to go to the house next door.

  • Understanding SwiftUI Layout Behaviors

    The SwiftUI layout system is more predictable and easier to understand than UIKit layout system. But this does not mean how it works is entirely straightforward.

    For newcomers with no preconception of how layout historically worked on Apple platforms, official documentation about the SwiftUI layout system might namely be incomplete or obscure. The number of views and modifiers, as well as their various behaviors, can be quite overwhelming. Even for seasoned UIKit developers it can be difficult to figure out how SwiftUI layout system works, as its core principles are quite different from UIKit well-known concepts of Auto Layout constraints, springs and struts.

    This article explores the essential rules and behaviors of the SwiftUI layout system and explains how you should reason about it. It also introduces a formalism that helps characterize views and their sizing behaviors in general. It finally provides a list of the sizing behaviors for most SwiftUI built-in views.

  • Dismissing SwiftUI Views

    SwiftUI has a less clumsy mechanism for dismissing presented views in iOS 15.

  • SwiftUI performance tips

    Optimizing performance is definitely one of the most interesting topics, not only on iOS, but software development in general. There are many thought provoking challenges, accompanied with a detective work to find the places that stand between your product and the optimal and performant user experience.

March

  • Replicating Types in Swift

    CRDTs, which I will simply call ‘replicating types’ from here on, are data types that have the ability to merge themselves when changes are made on different devices, in order to reach a consistent state. They have built-in logic which allows them to be updated independently, and then merged back together in a completely deterministic way, such that all syncing devices end up with the same value.

  • Xcode Cloud

    Xcode Cloud is a continuous integration and delivery service built into Xcode and designed expressly for Apple developers. It accelerates the development and delivery of high-quality apps by bringing together cloud-based tools that help you build apps, run automated tests in parallel, deliver apps to testers, and view and manage user feedback.

  • Lifetime of State Properties in SwiftUI

    One of the challenging parts of SwiftUI is really understanding the way it manages view state (for example, through @State and @StateObject). In theory, it's pretty simple: anytime you want associated view state you just create a property with @State and you're done.

  • TBCTestStore (TCA)

    Universal test store interface that can be used in both Exhaustive and non-Exhaustive mode

  • Xcode Build System: defaults write com.apple.dt.XCBuild EnableSwiftBuildSystemIntegration 1

    The build system and Swift compiler have a new mode that better utilizes available cores, resulting in faster builds for Swift projects. The mode is opt-in, and you can enable it globally.

  • Swift Packages: defaults write com.apple.dt.Xcode XPMAvoidUpdatingUnchangedPackages No

    Making changes to one or more packages in a workspace and then starting a build may cause Xcode to crash.

  • xcdebug
Foo

February

  • Native Network Monitoring In Swift

    We'll take a look at a native solution for monitoring network connectivity on iOS with Swift 5 and how to use the Network Link Conditioner.

  • What is Developer Experience? a roundup of links and goodness

    Developer Experience is about creating an environment in which a developer can do their best work. DX is the context in which developer productivity can be unleashed, in which individual needs can be successfully balanced with those of the engineering team. DX is about developer feelings – it is a sociotechnical system which should consider every touchpoint a developer interacts with to plan and produce software, from learning a platform to the very first line of code all the way through its promotion into production. From documentation to SDKs to version control to monitoring and observability, everything a developer touches will have an impact on their productivity. Culture too, helps to define a good DX of the lack of it.

  • Embedding a dylib in a Swift Package
  • Xcode Tips

    Collections of tips for Xcode.

  • UIKit Catalog: Creating and Customizing Views and Controls

    Customize your app’s user interface with views and controls.

  • VirtualFileSystem.swift

    allows to load a package from a serialized form

  • customPackageContainerProvider

    a custom package container provider

  • Debugging SwiftUI views: what caused that change?

    Debugging SwiftUI views is an essential skill to own when writing dynamic views with several redrawing triggers. Property wrappers like @State and @ObservedObject will redraw your view based on a changed value. In many cases, this is expected behavior, and things look like they should. However, in so-called Massive SwiftUI Views (MSV), there could be many different triggers causing your views to redraw unexpectedly.

  • Fixing SwiftUI's Automatic Preview Updating Paused

    If you work with SwiftUI, or have even just tried SwiftUI previews, then you’ve seen this annoying message: Automatic preview updating paused. To some devs it happens all the time and is extremely frustrating. In this article I’ll explain why this happens and how it can be solved. Let’s dig in!

  • Profiling binary size on iOS using Bloaty

    I’ve been using this tool called Bloaty McBloatface1 to attribute the contribution of each swift module or file to our app’s binary. And it has worked out really well for me, the CLI tool is super fast, gives lots of information, supports diffing and has so many options that configurations and options that it’s difficult to explore it all in a single blog post.

  • Apple Swift Lexicon

    This file defines several terms used by the Swift compiler and standard library source code, tests, and commit messages.

  • Microapps architecture in Swift. Resources and localization.

    In this post, we will talk about sharing resources between modules and separating the localization of feature modules. Swift Packages support localization out of the box. We added the defaultLocalization parameter to the package declaration in the example above. This parameter is necessary if you want to support localization. Now you can create en.lproj, es.lproj, or any-locale-identifier.lproj folders in your module to place your Localizable.strings files with particular translations. Remember that you still need to specify the correct bundle whenever you want to access the localization of the current module.

January

  • A type can be Sendable if any of these three conditions is true
    1. It has no mutable state
    2. It has mutable state, but = creates a copy of that state that doesn't share anything with the original
    3. It has mutable atate and = doesn't prevent sharing, but you are synchronizing access somehow (e.g. @MainActor, COW, atomics, private queues, locks)

    As a rule of thumb, most structs/enums can be Sendable as long as all of their stored properties have Sendable types; if you try to conform a struct and that isn’t the case, you’ll get an error unless you use @unchecked.

  • Tips on Resetting the Bluetooth Module

    Resetting the Bluetooth Module in that method is simply just no longer an option. It is just not part of macOS Monterey. For reference, I wrote this user tip back in April 2021, prior to the release of macOS Monterey: Use "Reset the Bluetooth module" to Fix Constant Bluetooth Disconnections

    • Restart the Mac
    • Reset the SMC and your NVRAM:
    • Use this Terminal Command: sudo pkill bluetoothd
  • How to reset the SMC of your Mac

    Resetting the system management controller (SMC) can resolve certain issues related to power, battery, fans, and other features.

  • Reset NVRAM or PRAM on your Mac

    NVRAM (nonvolatile random-access memory) is a small amount of memory that your Mac uses to store certain settings and access them quickly. PRAM (Parameter RAM) stores similar information, and the steps for resetting NVRAM and PRAM are the same. Settings that can be stored in NVRAM include sound volume, display resolution, startup-disk selection, time zone, and recent kernel panic information. The settings stored in NVRAM depend on your Mac and the devices that you're using with your Mac. If you experience issues related to these settings or others, resetting NVRAM might help. For example, if your Mac starts up from a disk other than the one selected in Startup Disk preferences, or a question mark icon briefly appears before your Mac starts up, you might need to reset NVRAM. How to reset NVRAM: Option keyplusCommand keyplusP keyplusR key

  • An early look at Swift extensible build tools

    A plugin is the way that the extensible build tools feature provides us to define what commands we want to run alongside, before or after (not available yet) our builds.

  • Unlisted app distribution

    Release your apps that aren’t suited for public distribution as unlisted on the App Store, discoverable only with a direct link. Unlisted apps don’t appear in any App Store categories, recommendations, charts, search results, or other listings. They can also be accessed through Apple Business Manager and Apple School Manager. Apps for specific organizations, special events, or research studies, or apps used as employee resources or sales tools are good candidates for unlisted distribution.

  • BackLog for Mac

    Easily load specific log-messages from your Mac’s archives, or send backlog://-links to others and make retrieving diagnostic info super-easy.

  • The structure of a Swift Package

    Explore packages in more detail

  • MacOS screenshotting tips

    ⇧⌘4, then space, then hold ⌘ to screenshot individual panels and floating windows.

  • Cascading Environment actions in SwiftUI

    By defining a cascading action type, and a helper modifier to handle the chain building, we have essentially introduced a variant of the observer pattern in SwiftUI.

  • Forcing an app out of memory on iOS

    Being able to simulate situations where your app goes out of memory is incredibly useful when you’re working on features that rely on your app being resumed in the background even when it’s out of memory. Background uploads and downloads are just some examples of when this trick is useful.

  • A Swift Recoverable Precondition That Can Throw

    Checks a necessary condition for making forward progress.

  • Loading Media Data Asynchronously

    Simplify asynchronous property loading using language-level concurrency features.

  • App Startup Time: Past, Present, and Future (2017)

    Learn about the dyld dynamic linker used on Apple platforms, how it's changed over the years, and where it's headed next. Find out how improved tooling makes it easier to optimize your app's launch time, and see how new changes coming in dyld will bring even further launch time improvements.

  • Optimizing App Startup Time (2016, Youtube bootleg)
    Screen Shot 2022-01-05 at 11 25 33 AM Screen Shot 2022-01-04 at 4 35 07 PM Screen Shot 2022-01-04 at 4 49 39 PM Screen Shot 2022-01-04 at 4 53 22 PM Screen Shot 2022-01-04 at 4 57 07 PM Screen Shot 2022-01-05 at 11 13 42 AM Screen Shot 2022-01-05 at 11 20 04 AM Screen Shot 2022-01-05 at 11 23 53 AM
  • Method dispatch in Swift (2017)

    Method dispatch is a term referring to mechanisms by which the program determines which operation should be executed (by operation, I mean a set of instructions). There are times we expect a method behavior to be determined only at runtime. This motivation give rise to different mechanisms of dispatching a method, each of which has its own pros and cons. Screen Shot 2022-01-03 at 11 12 20 AM

2021

December

  • Meet AsyncSequence (2021)

    Iterating over a sequence of values over time is now as easy as writing a “for” loop. Find out how the new AsyncSequence protocol enables a natural, simple syntax for iterating over anything from notifications to bytes being streamed from a server. We'll also show you how to adapt existing code to provide asynchronous sequences of your own. Screen Shot 2021-12-29 at 3 59 56 PM

  • Understanding Swift Performance (2016)

    Find out how structs, classes, protocols, and generics are implemented in Swift. Learn about their relative costs in different dimensions of performance. See how to apply this information to speed up your code.

2021 Previous organization

API

  • Web API Client in Swift

    The goal is to use the minimum number of abstractions and make the code easy to understand and extend. I’m going with Apple technologies exclusively for this project: URLSession, Codable, Async/Await, and Actors.

Apps

  • Pulse: Structured Logging System

    Pulse is a powerful logging system. Record and inspect network requests and logs right from your iOS app using Pulse Console. Share and view logs in Pulse macOS app. Logs are recorded locally and never leave your device.

  • Sourcery Pro

    Sourcery Pro is a Mac App that extends Xcode with the ability to create your own live templates that understand your code structure. Do you hate writing same repetitive Swift patterns over and over again? Now you don’t need to, it’s just a shortcut away.

App Store

Automation

Code

Debugging

  • How To Solve Any iOS Crash Ever

    The ability to debug complex crashes is not something immediate. Keep this out of your expectations: there's no magical instrument that you forgot to run that will give you the output you're expecting. When it comes to complex crashes, what we need to do instead is prepare our environment so that these issues are better understood when they arrive, making them more actionable. Let's see how to do that!

Documentation

Forums

  • What is garbage collection? — Chris Lattner (2016)

    Technically speaking, reference counting is a form of garbage collection, but I get what you mean. Since there are multiple forms of GC, I'll assume that you mean a generational mark and sweep algorithm like you’d see in a Java implementation.

  • Swift Performance — Joe Groff (2020)

    It's worth remembering Swift's implementation of ARC is still far from optimal. Swift 5.3's optimizer significantly reduces the number of ARC calls in optimized code; we've seen up to 2x improvements in hot parts of SwiftUI and Combine without code changes. There will continue to be ARC optimizer improvements as we propagate OSSA SIL through the optimizer pipeline as well. (However, the main benefit of ARC over other forms of GC will always be lower-overhead interop with non-GC-managed resources, such as the large volumes of C, C++, and growing amount of value-oriented Swift code that implements the lower level parts of the OS, rather than the performance of the heap management itself.)

Functional Programming

Foundation

iOS

LLVM

  • LLVM Internals: the bitcode format

    LLVM provides both a textual form that looks roughly like a C-family programming language, and a binary form (bitcode, in LLVM’s parlance) that’s denser and (ostensibly) faster to parse. The two forms are semantically identical, and trivial to produce and convert between.

News

Simulator

Objective-C

  • Bypassing objc_msgSend (2019)

    The advantage we have over objc_msgSend is that as humans (or as a compiler), we have static type information and an understanding of the surrounding code which lets us guess, statically and with high accuracy, what the target is. In fact, we can just speculate that the call will go to the predicted method, and, taking a leaf out of objc_msgSend’s book, wrap a direct call to it in the barest minimum of checking to make sure that we were correct in our prediction.

Swift

  • What's .self, .Type and .Protocol? Understanding Swift Metatypes (2018)

    You can define the metatype of any type, including classes, structs, enums and protocols as being the name of that type followed by .Type.

  • Swift metadata (2019

    The Swift runtime keeps a metadata record for every type used in a program, including every instantiation of generic types. These metadata records can be used by (TODO: reflection and) debugger tools to discover information about types.

  • Faster Swift and Clang Builds

    This is a collection of suggestions that reduce the time it takes to build the Swift and Clang compilers.

  • SwiftCodeSan

    SwiftCodeSan is a tool that "sanitizes" code written in Swift.

SwiftUI

SPM

The Composable Architecture

Tools

  • IPATool

    Command-line tool that allows searching and downloading app packages (known as ipa files) from the iOS App Store

WWDC

  • ARC in Swift: Basics and beyond

    Learn about the basics of object lifetimes and ARC in Swift. Dive deep into what language features make object lifetimes observable, consequences of relying on observed object lifetimes and some safe techniques to fix them.

  • Analyze HTTP traffic in Instruments

    Learn to use the Instruments Network template to record and analyze your app's HTTP traffic. We'll show you how to explore and visualize the behavior of sessions, tasks, and individual HTTP requests to ensure data is transmitted efficiently and respects people's privacy.

  • Demystify SwiftUI

    Peek behind the curtain into the core tenets of SwiftUI philosophy: Identity, Lifetime, and Dependencies. Find out about common patterns, learn the principles that drive the framework, and discover how you can use them to guarantee correctness and performance for your app.

  • Detect and diagnose memory issues

    Discover how you can understand and diagnose memory performance problems with Xcode. We'll take you through the latest updates to Xcode's tools, explore Metrics, check out the memgraph collection feature in XCTest, and learn how to catch regressions using a Performance XCTest.

  • Detect bugs early with the static analyzer

    Discover how Xcode can automatically track down infinite loops, unused code, and other issues before you even run your app. Learn how, with a single click, Xcode can analyze your project to discover security issues, logical bugs, and other hard-to-spot errors in Objective-C, C, and C++. We'll show you how to use the static analyzer to save you time investigating bug reports and improve your app's overall quality.

  • Discover breakpoint improvements

    Breakpoints can help you debug issues by allowing you to pause and inspect problems in the middle of a process. Discover the latest improvements to breakpoints in Xcode including column and unresolved breakpoints. We'll also go over best practices for general breakpoints and LLDB tips and tricks.

  • Distribute apps in Xcode with cloud signing

    Discover how to distribute your apps directly to App Store Connect and all the distribution methods supported in Xcode. Explore how to automate distribution for your apps, and learn about improvements to the distribution workflow like cloud signing, app record creation, and build number management.

  • Explore advanced project configuration in Xcode

    Working with more complex Xcode projects? You've come to the right place. Discover how you can configure your project to build for multiple Apple platforms, filter content per-platform, create custom build rules and file dependencies, and more. We'll take you through multi-platform framework targets, detail how to optimize your project and scheme configuration, and show you how to make effective use of configuration settings files. We'll explore configuring schemes for parallel builds and implicit dependencies, script phases, custom build rules, setting up input and output file dependencies, build phase file lists, and deduplicating work via aggregate targets. Lastly, find out more about the build settings editor, how levels work, and configuration settings file syntax.

  • Explore structured concurrency in Swift

    When you have code that needs to run at the same time as other code, it's important to choose the right tool for the job. We'll take you through the different kinds of concurrent tasks you can create in Swift, show you how to create groups of tasks, and find out how to cancel tasks in progress. We'll also provide guidance on when you may want to use unstructured tasks.”

  • Get ready for iCloud Private Relay

    iCloud Private Relay is an iCloud+ service that prevents networks and servers from monitoring a person's activity across the internet. Discover how your app can participate in this transition to a more secure and private internet: We'll show you how to prepare your apps, servers, and networks to work with iCloud Private Relay.

  • iOS Memory Deep Dive (2018)

    Discover how memory graphs can be used to get a close up look at what is contributing to an app's memory footprint. Understand the true memory cost of an image. Learn some tips and tricks for reducing the memory footprint of an app.

  • Symbolication: Beyond the basics

    Discover how you can achieve maximum performance and insightful debugging with your app. Symbolication is at the center of tools such as Instruments and LLDB to help bridge the layers between your application's runtime and your source code. Learn how this process works and the steps you can take to gain the most insight into your app.

  • Write a DSL in Swift using result builders

    Some problems are easier to solve by creating a customized programming language, or “domain-specific language.” While creating a DSL traditionally requires writing your own compiler, you can instead use result builders with Swift 5.4 to make your code both easier to read and maintain. We'll take you through best practices for designing a custom language for Swift: Learn about result builders and trailing closure arguments, explore modifier-style methods and why they work well, and discover how you can extend Swift's normal language rules to turn Swift into a DSL. To get the most out of this session, it's helpful (though not necessary) to have some experience writing SwiftUI views. You won't need to know anything about parser or compiler implementation.

Xcode

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