Database Assignment 1

DatabaseAssignmentOne.png

Question 1
List 10 SQL Database types excluding MySQL and Postgres/PostgreSQL.

	Answer:
	1. SAP IQ
	2. Spark SQL 
	3. CockroachDB
	4. Amazon Aurora
	5. Elasticsearch
	6. Lovefield
	7. Firebird 
	8. SQLGate
	9. MariaDB
	10.SQLite
	
	Below is a few additional SQL database types (just for future reference):
	11. mSQL
	12. IBM Informix
	13. SingleStore
	14. Google Cloud SQL
	15. Google Cloud Spanner
	16. Teradata Vantage
	17. InterSystems IRIS
	18. Apache Derby
	19. Apache Calcite
	20. Microsoft SQL Server (MS-SQL)
	21. Oracle Database Express Edition (XE)
	22. Oracle Database
	23. Oracle TimesTen
	24. Progress OpenEdge
	25. Postico
	26. EDB Postgres Advanced Server
	27. Microsoft Azure SQL Database (SQL Azure)
	28. Amazon Relational Database Service (RDS)
	29. Aiven for PostgreSQL
	30. MaxDB
	31. Knack
	32. Actian Zen
	33. dotConnect
	34. Percona Server
	35. SAP SQL Anywhere
	36. SAP HEC (HANA Enterprise Cloud)
	37. SAP Adaptive Server Enterprise (ASE)
	38. SAP HANA Cloud (SAP Cloud Platform)
	39. Access 
	40. Ingres
	41. Sybase
	
	
Question 2
List 6 NoSQL Database excluding MongoDB and CosmosDB.
	
	Answer:
	1. Redis
	2. Firebase
	3. Aerospike
	4. Cassandra
	5. Couchbase
	6. Apache HBase
	
	Below is a few additional NoSQL database types (just for future reference):
	7. Amazon DynamoDB
	8. Neo4j
	9. ArangoDB
	10. Azure Cosmos DB
	11. OrientDB
	12. ScyllaDB
	13. Amazon ElastiCache
	14. IBM Db2
	15. InterSystems IRIS
	16. Visual FoxPro
	17. Oracle Database
	18. InterSystems Caché
	19. MongoDB Atlas
	20. Google Cloud BigTable
	
	
Question 3
List 10 differences between SQL Database and NoSQL Database.
	
	Answer:

	DIFFERENCES BETWEEN SQL & NOSQL DATABASES 

	1. SQL Databases are relational. 

		NoSQL Databases are non-relational. 

	2. SQL Databases use structured query language and have a predefined schema. 

		NoSQL Databases have dynamic schemas for unstructured data. 

	3. SQL Databases are vertically scalable. 

		NoSQL Databases are horizontally scalable. 

	4. SQL Databases are table-based. 

		NoSQL Databases are document, key-value, graph, or wide-column stores. 

	5. SQL Better for multi-row transactions. 

		NoSQL Better for unstructured data like documents or JSON. 

	6. SQL Databases are best suited for complex queries. 

		NoSQL Databases are not so good for complex queries.

	7. SQL Follows ACID property * 

		NoSQL Follows CAP #  

	8. SQL Databases are not suited for hierarchical data storage. 

		NoSQL Databases are best suited for hierarchical data storage. 

	9. SQL is A mix of open-source like Postgres & MySQL, and commercial like Oracle Database. 

		NoSQL is Open-source.

	10. SQL becomes handy when data validity is super important.

		NoSQL becomes handy when it is more important to have fast data than correct data.

	11. SQL is the ideal option when the need is to support dynamic queries.

		NoSQL is the ideal option when the need is to scale based on changing requirements.

	12. SQL Requires specialized DB hardware (e.g. Oracle Exadata, etc.) 

		NoSQL Works fine with commodity hardware 



	Footnotes: 

	*ACID is an abbreviation for: 

	Atomicity means all transactions must succeed or fail completely. They cannot be partially-complete, even in the case of system failure. 

	Consistency means that at each step the database follows invariants: rules which validate and prevent corruption. 

	Isolation prevents concurrent transactions from affecting each other. Transactions must result in the same final state as if they were run sequentially, even if they were run in parallel. 

	Durability makes transactions final. Even system failure cannot roll-back the effects of a successful transaction. 


	#CAP is an abbreviation for: 

	Consistency: Every request receives the most recent result, or an error. (Note this is different than in ACID) 

	Availability: Every request has a non-error result, regardless of how recent that result is. 

	Partition tolerance: Any delays or losses between nodes will not interrupt the system’s operation. 


Question 4
a. List 30 examples of ORMs (Object-Relational Mapping)

	Answer:
	1. ActiveRecord: Ruby
	2. nHydrate: .NET
	3. Dapper: .NET
	4. Quick Objects: .NET
	5. NHibernate: .NET 
	6. TopLink: Java
	7. JAVA Persistence API: Java
	8. JOOQ ORM: Java
	9. Hibernate: Java
	10. Apache Cayenne: Java 
	11. Apache OpenJPA: Java
	12. DataNucleus: Java
	13. Ebean: Java
	14. EclipseLink: Java
	15. Enterprise JavaBeans (EJB): Java
	16. Kodo: Java 
	17. SQL Alchemy: Python
	18. Django: Python	
	19. Storm: Python 
	20. Tryton: Python
	21. Doctrine: PHP
	22. Laravel: PHP
	23. Redbean: PHP
	24. CakePHP: PHP
	25. CodeIgniter: PHP
	26. Yii: PHP
	27. FuelPHP: PHP
	28. Laminas: PHP
	29. Propel: PHP
	30. QCubed: PHP
	
	
b. List 30 examples of ODMs (Object-Document Mapping)
	1. Redis
	2. Firebase
	3. Aerospike
	4. Cassandra
	5. Couchbase
	6. Apache HBase
	7. Amazon DynamoDB
	8. Neo4j
	9. ArangoDB
	10. Azure Cosmos DB
	11. OrientDB
	12. ScyllaDB
	13. Amazon ElastiCache
	14. IBM Db2
	15. InterSystems IRIS
	16. Visual FoxPro
	17. Oracle Database
	18. InterSystems Caché
	19. MongoDB Atlas
	20. Google Cloud BigTable
	21. InfiniteGraph
	22. Riak
	23. Voldemort
	24. AllegroGraph
	25. Amazon Neptune
	26. DEX/Sparksee
	27. FlockDB
	28. JanusGraph
	29. MarkLogic
	30. Profium Sense
	
	

NB: The additional lists are just for personal future reference as the need may be.