The Go channels, goroutines, and deadlock

Examples.md

Simple examples to understand the Go channels, goroutines and deadlock concepts.

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Given the below function using an unbuffered channel:

1 func main() {
2    c := make(chan int)
3    c <- 17
4    fmt.Println(<- c) 
5 }

Execution order: line 3 -> line 4

Line 3 -> no receiver detected -> the channel is waiting for a receiver and the program can't execute line 4 => deadlock occurs: the program blocks forever

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With goroutine:

1 func main() {
2    c := make(chan int)
3    go () {
4       c <- 17
5    }()
6    fmt.Println(<- c) 
7 }

Execution order: line 3 -> line 6 -> line 4 -> line 6

Line 3: no receiver detected but it spawns a goroutine running in the background

Line 6: a receiver detected -> line 4 is executed -> line 6 is executed => no deadlock

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With a buffered channel:

1 func main() {
2    c := make(chan int, 1)
3    c <- 17
4    fmt.Println(<- c) 
5 }

Execution order: line 3 -> line 4

Line 3: the buffered channel isn't overfilled when number 17 was being sent to it -> the receiver isn't blocked

Line 4: the receiver works as expected as it's not blocked => no deadlock