C++/CLI examples

cli.cpp

#define CLI_TESTS 1
#define CLI_TESTS_FORM 1

#if 1
#using <mscorlib.dll>
using namespace System;
using namespace System::Text;
using namespace System::Collections::Generic;

#ifdef CLI_TESTS_FORM
#using <System.Windows.Forms.dll>
using namespace System::Windows::Forms;
#endif

// CLI assembly-level attributes
[assembly:CLSCompliant(true)];
#endif

#if 1
// CLI reference class type definitions
ref class Foo {
  int Do();
};
#endif

#if CLI_TESTS
void TestStaticMethod()
{
  // C++/CLI 14.2.1.1 Ranking handle conversions
  Console::WriteLine("Hello World!");

  Console::WriteLine("Hello {0}{1}{2}{3}!", "1", 2, "3", 4);
}

void TestArray()
{
  // CLI array creation & indexing (loads and stores)
  auto A = gcnew array<Object^> {"1", "2"};
  A[0] = "3";
  Console::WriteLine("Array: {0}", A[0]);

  // CLI array method calls (System::Array)
  Console::WriteLine("Array: {0}", A->ToString());

  // CLI array type conversion
  System::Array^ Arr = A;
  Object^ OA = A;
  Console::WriteLine("Array Count: {0} {1}", Arr, OA);
}

void TestRefClass()
{
  // CLI reference class type creation
  auto SB = gcnew StringBuilder();

  // CLI reference class type method calls
  SB->AppendFormat("{0}{1}{2}{3}!", "a", "b", "c", "d");
  Console::WriteLine(SB->ToString()); 

  // CLI reference class safe casts
  //Object^ Obj = safe_cast<Object^>(SB);
  //Obj->ToString();
}

void TestValueClass()
{
  // Value Type zero-initialization
  UIntPtr Z;

  // Value Type implicit parameter-less ctor
  UIntPtr Z2{};

  // Value Type ctor-initialization
  UIntPtr C(2U);

  // Value Type copy-initialization
  UIntPtr CI = UIntPtr(2U);  

  // Value Type instance calls
  Console::WriteLine("{0} {1} {2} {3}", Z.ToUInt32(), Z2.ToString(),
    C.ToString(), CI);    

  // Value Type boxing
  UIntPtr^ HI = CI;
  Console::WriteLine("{0}", HI);

  // Value Type GC allocation & boxing
  //UIntPtr^ HV = gcnew UIntPtr();
}

void TestProperty()
{
  // CLI array type properties access
  auto ObjArray = gcnew array<Object^> {};
  Console::WriteLine("Array Count: {0}", ObjArray->Length);

  // CLI class type properties access (getter & setter)
  auto SB = gcnew StringBuilder();
  SB->Capacity = 20;
  Console::WriteLine("String Builder Capacity: {0}", SB->Capacity);  
}

void TestGenerics()
{
  auto L = gcnew List<int>();
  L->Add(20);
  L->Add(30);
  Console::WriteLine("List Count: {0}", L->Count);
  for (unsigned I = 0, E = L->Count; I != E; ++I) {
    //Console::WriteLine(" Element: {0}", L[I]);
  }
}

void TestExceptions()
{

}

void TestForms()
{
#ifdef CLI_TESTS_FORM
  Form ^F = gcnew Form();
  Application::Run(F);
#endif
}
#endif

int main()
{
#if CLI_TESTS
  TestStaticMethod();
  TestArray();
  TestRefClass();
  TestValueClass();
  TestProperty();
  TestGenerics();
  TestExceptions();
  TestForms();
#endif

  Console::WriteLine("Hello World!");

  // UNIMPLEMENTED FEATURES:

#if 0
  ref class C {
  public: 
    static void Print(System::Boolean) {}
  };  

  C::Print("LOL");
#endif

#if 0
  // CLI array foreach statement
  for each (Object^ o in ObjArray)
  {
    Console::WriteLine(o->ToString());
  }
#endif

#if 0
  // CLI reference class type automatic allocation
  //Object O;
  //Console::WriteLine(O.ToString());
#endif  

#if 0
  // Builtin types as value class types
  //Int32 I = 2;
  //I.ToString();  

  //Int32^ HI = I;
  //int BI = 2;
  //int^ HBI = BI;

  //Console::WriteLine(I);
  //Console::WriteLine(BI);
#endif

#if 0
  // CLI default indexers
    //Console::WriteLine(" Element: {0}", L->default[I]);
#endif

#if 0
  // CLI reference class safe casts
  //Object^ Obj = safe_cast<Object^>(SB);
  //Obj->ToString();
#endif

  return 0;
}