jq-select

getrawdata() {
        printf '[
                { "id": "bar", "info": "A babab" },
                { "id": "buz", "info": "B ububu" },
                { "id": "foo", "info": "A fofof" }
        ]';
}
rawdata_to_db() {
        jq '{db: .}';
}

keepresult() {
        jq '(.result|map({key:., value:true})|from_entries) as $want | .db |= map(select($want[.id]))|del(.result)'
}

search() {
        local arg="$1"
        jq '
                def grep($arg): test($arg);
                def myfilter: '"$arg"';
                .+{ result: [.db[]|select( myfilter ).id] }
        '
}

getdb() {
        getrawdata | rawdata_to_db
}
dbquery() {
        search "$1" | keepresult
}

sample() {
        getdb |
        dbquery '.info|grep("^A")' |
        dbquery '(.info|grep("^Z")|not)' |
        dbquery '.id!="zz"'
}
sample