Vagrant with Ubuntu 16.04 in VirtualBox

_readme.md

Setup Ubuntu 16.04 to be used with Vagrant and Virtualbox

Prepare Vagrant box with Ubuntu 16.04

We will use official box "ubuntu/xenial64" and modify it to work with Vagrant.

• Vagrantfile

Vagrant.configure(2) do |config|

  config.vm.box = "ubuntu/xenial64"

  config.vm.provider "virtualbox" do |vb|
    #   # Display the VirtualBox GUI when booting the machine
    #   vb.gui = true
    #
    #   # Customize the amount of memory on the VM:
    vb.memory = "1524"
  end


end

• run Virtual machine (VM)

vagrant up

• login to VM

vagrant ssh

Hostname

• fix hostname in /etc/hosts

127.0.0.1 ubuntu-xenial

This will fix error:

"sudo: unable to resolve host ubuntu-xenial

Rename interfaces

• login to VM (vagrant ssh)

• add (or modify) lines in /etc/default/grub

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="console=tty1 console=ttyS0 net.ifnames=0 biosdevname=0 net.ifnames=0 biosdevname=0"
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX=" net.ifnames=0 biosdevname=0"

• or update using command:

# 
sudo sed -i "s/GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT=\"\(.*\)\"/GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT=\"\1 net.ifnames=0 biosdevname=0\"/" /etc/default/grub

sudo sed -i "s/GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX=\"\(.*\)\"/GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX=\"\1 net.ifnames=0 biosdevname=0\"/" /etc/default/grub

• update

sudo update-grub

• so we will have interface named 'eth1'

• reboot VM from the host

vagrant reload

Install python

• To use Ansible we need to install Python 2

sudo apt-get install python

Setup VM

Provision with Ansible

• Vagrantfile

Vagrant.configure(2) do |config|

  ...
  
 
  config.vm.provider "virtualbox" do |vb|
    #   # Display the VirtualBox GUI when booting the machine
    #   vb.gui = true
    #
    #   # Customize the amount of memory on the VM:
    vb.memory = "1524"
  end


  config.vm.provision "ansible" do |p|
    p.playbook = "playbook.yml"
    p.verbose        = true
    p.extra_vars =
        {
            var1: "value1",
            ..
        }
  end
  
end  

• Ansible playbook.yml

---
- hosts: all
  sudo: true

  tasks:
    # tasks here
    

hostname

• Ansible playbook.yml

---
- hosts: all
  tasks:
  
# base
#    - hostname: name={{hostname}}
    - lineinfile: dest=/etc/hosts regexp='ubuntu-xenial' line='127.0.0.1 ubuntu-xenial'       state=present
    - lineinfile: dest=/etc/hosts regexp='{{hostname}}' line='127.0.0.1 {{hostname}}' state=present
    - shell: sudo bash -c 'hostnamectl set-hostname {{hostname}}'

Setup network

Static IP

• we will add a new interface 'eth1' with static IP

• Vagrantfile

HOSTNAME = 'debugserver'
IP = "51.0.99.120"
NETWORK_MASK = "255.0.0.0"
NETWORK_GATEWAY = "51.0.0.1"


Vagrant.configure(2) do |config|

  ...
  
  # IP
  config.vm.network "public_network", auto_config: false, :bridge => "eth0", ip: "#{IP}"

  config.vm.provider "virtualbox" do |vb|
    #   # Display the VirtualBox GUI when booting the machine
    #   vb.gui = true
    #
    #   # Customize the amount of memory on the VM:
    vb.memory = "1524"
  end


  config.vm.provision "ansible" do |p|
    p.playbook = "playbook.yml"
    p.verbose        = true
    p.extra_vars =
        {
            machine: "main",
            public_ip: IP,
            public_mask: NETWORK_MASK,
            public_gateway: NETWORK_GATEWAY,
        }
  end
  
end  

• Ansible playbook playbook.yml

---
- hosts: all
  sudo: true

  tasks:
# base
#    - hostname: name={{hostname}}
    - lineinfile: dest=/etc/hosts regexp='ubuntu-xenial' line='127.0.0.1 ubuntu-xenial'       state=present
    - lineinfile: dest=/etc/hosts regexp='{{hostname}}' line='127.0.0.1 {{hostname}}' state=present
    - shell: sudo bash -c 'hostnamectl set-hostname {{hostname}}'


# eth
    - name: stop eth1
      shell: ifdown eth1
      ignore_errors: yes

    - name: set networking
      template: src="files/interfaces/eth1.cfg.j2" dest="/etc/network/interfaces.d/eth1.cfg"

    - name: start interface
      #shell: ifup eth1 && ifdown eth1 && ifup eth1
      shell: ifup eth1
      ignore_errors: yes

    - name: restart interface
      shell: sudo ifconfig eth1 up && sudo ifconfig eth1 down && sudo ifconfig eth1 up

• template file for eth1.cfg files/interfaces/eth1.cfg.j2

auto eth1
iface eth1 inet static
      address {{public_ip}} 
      netmask {{public_mask}}
      {% if public_gateway is defined %}gateway {{public_gateway}} {% endif %}

If meeting the errors:

The private key to connect to this box via SSH has invalid permissions
set on it. The permissions of the private key should be set to 0600, otherwise SSH will
ignore the key. Vagrant tried to do this automatically for you but failed. Please set the
permissions on the following file to 0600 and then try running this command again:

/media/darrenl/data/vagrant/ubuntu-16.04/.vagrant/machines/default/virtualbox/private_key

Move the file to somewehere, then change permission and create a symbol link