Install Linux Debian 10, Nginx, MariaDB, Postgres, PHP 8.0

lempp-debian.md

Update LANG

Edit file nano /etc/default/locale

LC_CTYPE=en_US.UTF-8
LC_ALL=en_US.UTF-8
LANG=en_US.UTF-8

Run these commands:

locale-gen en_US.UTF-8
dpkg-reconfigure locales

reboot server

Update and Upgrade Package

apt -y update && apt -y upgrade
reboot

Install CSF & LFD

1. Install dependency

apt install libgd-graph-perl libio-socket-ssl-perl libcrypt-ssleay-perl libnet-libidn-perl libio-socket-inet6-perl libsocket6-perl libwww-perl -y

2. Change permission sendmail

echo '#!/bin/sh' > /usr/sbin/sendmail
chmod +x /usr/sbin/sendmail

3. Install CSF

cd /usr/src
rm -fv csf.tgz
wget https://download.configserver.com/csf.tgz
tar -xzf csf.tgz
cd csf
sh install.sh

Install NGINX

1. Download the key used to sign NGINX packages and the repository, and add it to the apt program’s key ring

sudo wget https://nginx.org/keys/nginx_signing.key
sudo apt-key add nginx_signing.key

2. Edit the nano /etc/apt/sources.list file and add these lines

deb https://nginx.org/packages/mainline/debian/ <CODENAME> nginx
deb-src https://nginx.org/packages/mainline/debian/ <CODENAME> nginx

3. Install nginx

apt -y update
apt -y install nginx

Install PHP (Multi PHP 8.0, 7.4)

1. Install dependency

apt install -y curl wget gnupg2 ca-certificates lsb-release apt-transport-https

2. Import the public using the below commands

wget https://packages.sury.org/php/apt.gpg
apt-key add apt.gpg

3. Add the SURY repository to your system

echo "deb https://packages.sury.org/php/ $(lsb_release -sc) main" | tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/php.list

4. Install Multi PHP (7.4, 8.0)

apt update
apt install php8.0 php8.0-{mysql,pgsql,gd,cli,common,snmp,ldap,curl,mbstring,zip,fpm,mongodb,intl,xml,imagick,xmlrpc,soap}
apt install php7.4 php7.4-{mysql,pgsql,gd,cli,common,snmp,ldap,curl,mbstring,zip,fpm,mongodb,intl,xml,imagick,xmlrpc,soap}

5. Set default PHP Version

update-alternatives --set php /usr/bin/php8.0

6. Edit nano /etc/php/7.4/fpm/pool.d/www.conf (if using php 7.4)

user = nginx
group = nginx
;listen = /run/php/php8.0-fpm.sock
listen = /run/php/php7.4-fpm.sock
listen.owner = nginx
listen.group = nginx
listen.mode = 0660

7. Create default server block

server {
    listen       80;
    server_name  server_domain_or_IP;

    root   /usr/share/nginx/html;
    index index.php index.html index.htm;

    location / {
        try_files $uri $uri/ =404;
    }
    error_page 404 /404.html;
    error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;

    location = /50x.html {
        root /usr/share/nginx/html;
    }

    location ~ \.php$ {
        try_files $uri =404;
        fastcgi_pass unix:/run/php/php7.4-fpm.sock;
        fastcgi_index index.php;
        fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
        include fastcgi_params;
    }
}

Install Postgres (Latest Version)

1. Add key

curl https://www.postgresql.org/media/keys/ACCC4CF8.asc | apt-key add -

2. Add repo

echo "deb http://apt.postgresql.org/pub/repos/apt $(lsb_release -cs)-pgdg main" | tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/pgdg.list
apt update -y

3. Install Postgres

apt install postgresql-13 postgresql-contrib

4. Initdb

mkdir /usr/local/pgsql/data
chown postgres:postgres /usr/local/pgsql/data
/usr/lib/postgresql/13/bin/initdb /usr/local/pgsql/data

5. Edit nano /var/lib/pgsql/13/data/pg_hba.conf and replace trust to md5 or scram-sha-256

host    all             all             127.0.0.1/32            md5
host    all             all             ::1/128                 md5

service postgresql restart

6. Create Database

su postgres
psql

CREATE DATABASE db_name;
CREATE ROLE username WITH PASSWORD 'password'
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON DATABASE db_name TO username;
ALTER ROLE username WITH LOGIN;

Install MariaDB (Latest Version)

1. Download repo and enable

wget https://downloads.mariadb.com/MariaDB/mariadb_repo_setup
chmod +x mariadb_repo_setup
./mariadb_repo_setup

2. Install MariaDB

apt install mariadb-server

3. Configuring and Securing MariaDB Server

mysql_secure_installation

This will take you through a series of prompts where you can make some changes to your MariaDB installation’s security options. The first prompt will ask you to enter the current database root password. Since we have not set one up yet, press ENTER to indicate “none”.

The next prompt asks you whether you’d like to set up a database root password. Type N and then press ENTER. In Debian, the root account for MariaDB is tied closely to automated system maintenance, so we should not change the configured authentication methods for that account. Doing so would make it possible for a package update to break the database system by removing access to the administrative account. Later, we will cover how to optionally set up an additional administrative account for password access if socket authentication is not appropriate for your use case.

From there, you can press Y and then ENTER to accept the defaults for all the subsequent questions. This will remove some anonymous users and the test database, disable remote root logins, and load these new rules so that MariaDB immediately respects the changes you have made.

5. Testing installation

mysqladmin -u root -p version

indicates the installation has been successful like this

mysqladmin  Ver 9.1 Distrib 10.6.5-MariaDB, for debian-linux-gnu on x86_64
Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.

Server version          10.6.5-MariaDB-1:10.6.5+maria~buster
Protocol version        10
Connection              Localhost via UNIX socket
UNIX socket             /run/mysqld/mysqld.sock
Uptime:                 7 min 17 sec

Threads: 1  Questions: 815  Slow queries: 0  Opens: 253  Open tables: 69  Queries per second avg: 1.864

Install Let's Encrypt

1. Install Certbot

apt install python3-acme python3-certbot python3-mock python3-openssl python3-pkg-resources python3-pyparsing python3-zope.interface

apt install python3-certbot-nginx

2. Obtaining an SSL Certificate

certbot --nginx -d your_domain -d www.your_domain

3. Verifying Certbot Auto-Renewal

certbot renew --dry-run

Referensi

1. https://askubuntu.com/questions/1077398/fresh-installation-of-ubuntu-16-04-gives-me-warning-about-locale-unable-to-fix
2. https://docs.nginx.com/nginx/admin-guide/installing-nginx/installing-nginx-open-source/
3. https://download.configserver.com/csf/install.txt
4. https://www.node35.com/how-to-fix-8-common-errors-on-csf-configserver-security-firewall/
5. https://www.itzgeek.com/post/how-to-install-php-8-0-on-debian-10-debian-9.html
6. https://www.linuxtechi.com/install-php-8-on-debian-10/
7. https://www.digitalocean.com/community/tutorials/how-to-secure-apache-with-let-s-encrypt-on-debian-10
8. https://varunver.wordpress.com/2019/10/11/install-php-mcrypt-on-debian-10-php-7-3/
9. https://wiki.postgresql.org/wiki/Apt
10. https://www.digitalocean.com/community/tutorials/how-to-secure-nginx-with-let-s-encrypt-on-debian-10
11. https://snippets.aktagon.com/snippets/614-how-to-fix-bash-warning-setlocale-lc-all-cannot-change-locale-en-us-
12. https://www.digitalocean.com/community/tutorials/how-to-install-mariadb-on-debian-10