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Last active March 1, 2018 06:58
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Install Ubuntu 13.04 on Chromebook
#!/bin/bash
#
# Version 0.2, for Ubuntu 13.04 (Raring)
#
# Based on Chrubuntu 34v87 script
BASE_IMAGE_FILE="http://mirrors.med.harvard.edu/ubuntu-cdimage/lubuntu/releases/13.04/release/lubuntu-13.04-preinstalled-desktop-armhf+ac100.tar.gz"
# fw_type will always be developer for Mario.
# Alex and ZGB need the developer BIOS installed though.
fw_type="`crossystem mainfw_type`"
if [ ! "$fw_type" = "developer" ]
then
echo -e "\nYou're Chromebook is not running a developer BIOS!"
echo -e "You need to run:"
echo -e ""
echo -e "sudo chromeos-firmwareupdate --mode=todev"
echo -e ""
echo -e "and then re-run this script."
return
else
echo -e "\nOh good. You're running a developer BIOS...\n"
fi
# hwid lets us know if this is a Mario (Cr-48), Alex (Samsung Series 5), ZGB (Acer), etc
hwid="`crossystem hwid`"
echo -e "Chome OS model is: $hwid\n"
chromebook_arch="`uname -m`"
if [ ! "$chromebook_arch" = "armv7l" ]
then
echo -e "This version of Chrome OS is for the ARM-based Chromebooks only\n"
exit 1
else
echo -e "and you're running on a ARM-based Chromebook, awesome!\n"
fi
read -p "Press [Enter] to continue..."
powerd_status="`initctl status powerd`"
if [ ! "$powerd_status" = "powerd stop/waiting" ]
then
echo -e "Stopping powerd to keep display from timing out..."
initctl stop powerd
fi
powerm_status="`initctl status powerm`"
if [ ! "$powerm_status" = "powerm stop/waiting" ]
then
echo -e "Stopping powerm to keep display from timing out..."
initctl stop powerm
fi
setterm -blank 0
# Figure out what the target disk is
if [ "$1" != "" ]; then
target_disk=$1
echo "Got ${target_disk} as target drive"
echo ""
echo "WARNING! All data on this device will be wiped out! Continue at your own risk!"
echo ""
if [ "$target_disk" = "/dev/mmcblk0" ]; then
echo 'Cowardly refusing to install to /dev/mmcblk0 in this mode; run with no args instead'
echo 'to properly partition your disk!'
exit 1
fi
read -p "Press [Enter] to install ChrUbuntu on ${target_disk} or CTRL+C to quit"
ext_size="`blockdev --getsz ${target_disk}`"
aroot_size=$((ext_size - 65600 - 33))
parted --script ${target_disk} "mktable gpt"
cgpt create ${target_disk}
# always use 6 and 7 for sanity
cgpt add -i 6 -b 64 -s 32768 -S 1 -P 5 -l KERN-A -t "kernel" ${target_disk}
cgpt add -i 7 -b 65600 -s $aroot_size -l ROOT-A -t "rootfs" ${target_disk}
sync
blockdev --rereadpt ${target_disk}
partprobe ${target_disk}
crossystem dev_boot_usb=1
else
target_disk="`rootdev -d -s`"
# Do partitioning (if we haven't already)
ckern_size="`cgpt show -i 6 -n -s -q ${target_disk}`"
croot_size="`cgpt show -i 7 -n -s -q ${target_disk}`"
state_size="`cgpt show -i 1 -n -s -q ${target_disk}`"
max_ubuntu_size=$(($state_size/1024/1024/2))
rec_ubuntu_size=$(($max_ubuntu_size - 1))
# If KERN-C and ROOT-C are one, we partition, otherwise assume they're what they need to be...
if [ "$ckern_size" = "1" -o "$croot_size" = "1" ]
then
while :
do
read -p "Enter the size in gigabytes you want to reserve for Ubuntu. Acceptable range is 5 to $max_ubuntu_size but $rec_ubuntu_size is the recommended maximum: " ubuntu_size
if [ ! $ubuntu_size -ne 0 2>/dev/null ]
then
echo -e "\n\nNumbers only please...\n\n"
continue
fi
if [ $ubuntu_size -lt 5 -o $ubuntu_size -gt $max_ubuntu_size ]
then
echo -e "\n\nThat number is out of range. Enter a number 5 through $max_ubuntu_size\n\n"
continue
fi
break
done
# We've got our size in GB for ROOT-C so do the math...
#calculate sector size for rootc
rootc_size=$(($ubuntu_size*1024*1024*2))
#kernc is always 16mb
kernc_size=32768
#new stateful size with rootc and kernc subtracted from original
stateful_size=$(($state_size - $rootc_size - $kernc_size))
#start stateful at the same spot it currently starts at
stateful_start="`cgpt show -i 1 -n -b -q ${target_disk}`"
#start kernc at stateful start plus stateful size
kernc_start=$(($stateful_start + $stateful_size))
#start rootc at kernc start plus kernc size
rootc_start=$(($kernc_start + $kernc_size))
#Do the real work
echo -e "\n\nModifying partition table to make room for Ubuntu."
echo -e "Your Chromebook will reboot, wipe your data and then"
echo -e "you should re-run this script..."
umount /mnt/stateful_partition
# stateful first
cgpt add -i 1 -b $stateful_start -s $stateful_size -l STATE ${target_disk}
# now kernc
cgpt add -i 6 -b $kernc_start -s $kernc_size -l KERN-C ${target_disk}
# finally rootc
cgpt add -i 7 -b $rootc_start -s $rootc_size -l ROOT-C ${target_disk}
reboot
exit
fi
fi
if [[ "${target_disk}" =~ "mmcblk" ]]
then
target_rootfs="${target_disk}p7"
target_kern="${target_disk}p6"
else
target_rootfs="${target_disk}7"
target_kern="${target_disk}6"
fi
echo "Target Kernel Partition: $target_kern Target Root FS: ${target_rootfs}"
# try mounting a USB / SD Card if it's there...
if [ ! -d /tmp/usb_files ]; then
mkdir /tmp/usb_files
fi
echo "Looking for USB or SD media with image..."
if [ -f /tmp/usb_files/cb-ubuntu ] ; then
echo "Already mounted, great."
else
echo "Trying /dev/sda... (USB)"
mount /dev/sda /tmp/usb_files > /dev/null 2>&1
if [ $? -ne 0 ] ; then
echo "Trying /dev/sda1... (USB)"
mount /dev/sda1 /tmp/usb_files > /dev/null 2>&1
if [ $? -ne 0 ] ; then
echo "Trying /dev/mmcblk1p1... (SD)"
mount /dev/mmcblk1p1 /tmp/usb_files > /dev/null 2>&1
if [ $? -ne 0 ] ; then
echo "No USB or SD media found, will download."
fi
fi
fi
fi
if [ -z "$IMAGE_FILE" ]; then
IMAGE_FILE="$BASE_IMAGE_FILE"
fi
if [[ "${IMAGE_FILE}" =~ "http" ]]; then
base_image_file="`basename \"${IMAGE_FILE}\"`"
if [ -f "/tmp/usb_files/$base_image_file" ]; then
echo "Using /tmp/usb_files/$base_image_file instead of downloading"
untar_file="/tmp/usb_files/$base_image_file"
else
echo "Downloading $IMAGE_FILE..."
untar_file="/mnt/stateful_partition/$base_image_file"
wget -c -O "/mnt/stateful_partition/$base_image_file" "$IMAGE_FILE"
if [ $? -ne 0 ] ; then
echo "Download failed!"
exit 1
fi
fi
else
if [ -f "/tmp/usb_files/$IMAGE_FILE" ]; then
untar_file="/tmp/usb_files/$IMAGE_FILE"
echo "Using ${untar_file}"
elif [ -f "$IMAGE_FILE" ]; then
untar_file="$IMAGE_FILE"
echo "Using ${untar_file}"
else
echo "File '${IMAGE_FILE}' not found, either on USB device or as absolute path!"
exit 1
fi
fi
# our mount target
if [ ! -d /tmp/ubuntu ]; then
mkdir /tmp/ubuntu
fi
if [[ -z "$SKIP_UNTAR" ]]; then
echo "Creating filesystem on ${target_rootfs}..."
mkfs.ext4 -j ${target_rootfs} && mount ${target_rootfs} /tmp/ubuntu
if [ $? -ne 0 ] ; then
echo 'Failed to create and/or mount filesystem!'
exit 1
fi
if [[ "$untar_file" =~ "tgz" || "$untar_file" =~ ".gz" ]] ; then
tar xvzCf /tmp/ubuntu "$untar_file"
elif [[ "$untar_file" =~ "bz2" ]] ; then
tar xvjCf /tmp/ubuntu "$untar_file"
elif [[ "$untar_file" =~ "xz" ]] ; then
tar xvJCf /tmp/ubuntu "$untar_file"
else
echo "Hmm... not sure how to untar your file"
exit 1
fi
else
if [ -d /tmp/ubuntu/lost+found ] ; then
echo "Skipping untar, /tmp/ubuntu already mounted"
else
echo "Skipping untar, just mounting ${target_rootfs}..."
mount ${target_rootfs} /tmp/ubuntu
if [ $? -ne 0 ] ; then
echo 'Failed to mount filesystem!'
exit 1
fi
fi
fi
# Let's get some firmware in place
cp /lib/firmware/mrvl/sd8797_uapsta.bin /tmp/ubuntu/lib/firmware/mrvl
cp /lib/firmware/mfc_fw.bin /tmp/ubuntu/lib/firmware
# Create the setup script in /tmp/setup-script on the ubuntu partition
cat > /tmp/ubuntu/tmp/setup-script <<EOF
rm -f /tmp/setup-script-ok
# fix up /etc/shadow so root can log in
passwd -d root
echo "nameserver 8.8.8.8" > /etc/resolv.conf
# update-initramfs will need this
mount -t devpts devpts /dev/pts
mount -t proc proc /proc
add-apt-repository -y ppa:chromebook-arm/ppa
apt-get update
apt-get -y --force-yes remove flash-kernel linux-ac100
apt-get -y --force-yes install cgpt chromebook-s3-default-settings vboot-utils
apt-get -y --force-yes install linux-tools-3.4.0-5
# we need this because update-initrd will still run, even though
# it doesn't need to and the image package doesn't have an initrd
touch /boot/initrd.img-3.4.0-5-chromebook
# --no-install-recommends is there because the image incorrectly
# recommends flash-kernel, which we don't want
apt-get -y --force-yes install --no-install-recommends linux-image-chromebook
apt-get -y --force-yes install xserver-xorg-video-armsoc
apt-get -y --force-yes install chromium-mali-opengles || echo Failed to install chromium-mali-opengles, this is ok
# clean up
umount /dev/pts
umount /proc
if [ ! -d /etc/X11/xorg.conf.d ] ; then mkdir /etc/X11/xorg.conf.d ; fi
cat > /etc/X11/xorg.conf.d/exynos5.conf <<EOZ
Section "Device"
Identifier "Mali FBDEV"
Driver "armsoc"
Option "fbdev" "/dev/fb0"
Option "Fimg2DExa" "false"
Option "DRI2" "true"
Option "DRI2_PAGE_FLIP" "false"
Option "DRI2_WAIT_VSYNC" "true"
# Option "Fimg2DExaSolid" "false"
# Option "Fimg2DExaCopy" "false"
# Option "Fimg2DExaComposite" "false"
Option "SWcursorLCD" "false"
EndSection
Section "Screen"
Identifier "DefaultScreen"
Device "Mali FBDEV"
DefaultDepth 24
EndSection
Section "InputClass"
Identifier "touchpad"
MatchIsTouchpad "on"
Option "FingerHigh" "5"
Option "FingerLow" "5"
EndSection
Section "InputClass"
Identifier "touchpad catchall"
Driver "synaptics"
MatchIsTouchpad "on"
MatchDevicePath "/dev/input/event*"
Option "TapButton1" "1"
Option "TapButton2" "2"
Option "TapButton3" "3"
EndSection
EOZ
echo ===== successfully executed setup script =====
touch /tmp/setup-script-ok
EOF
# run the setup script
echo ===== running chroot setup script =====
chroot /tmp/ubuntu bash /tmp/setup-script
echo ===== setting up kernel =====
# now set up the kernel
echo "console=tty1 printk.time=1 nosplash rootwait root=${target_rootfs} rw rootfstype=ext4" > /tmp/ubuntu/boot/cmdline
vbutil_kernel --pack /tmp/ubuntu/boot/chronos-kernel-image --keyblock /usr/share/vboot/devkeys/kernel.keyblock --signprivate /usr/share/vboot/devkeys/kernel_data_key.vbprivk --config /tmp/ubuntu/boot/cmdline --vmlinuz /tmp/ubuntu/boot/vmlinuz-3.4.0-5-chromebook --version 1 --arch arm
dd if=/tmp/ubuntu/boot/chronos-kernel-image of=${target_kern} bs=512
if [ -f /tmp/ubuntu/tmp/setup-script-ok ] ; then
success=1
else
success=0
fi
# Make the scripts -- one on the ubuntu partition, and one in local /tmp
echo "cgpt add -S 0 -T 1 -P 12 -i 6 ${target_disk}" > /tmp/ubuntu/bin/chromebook-boot-ubuntu
echo "cgpt add -S 1 -T 1 -P 12 -i 6 ${target_disk}" > /tmp/ubuntu/bin/chromebook-boot-ubuntu-always
chmod +x /tmp/ubuntu/bin/chromebook-boot-ubuntu*
cp /tmp/ubuntu/bin/chromebook-boot-ubuntu /usr/local
cp /tmp/ubuntu/bin/chromebook-boot-ubuntu-always /usr/local
# Unmount ubuntu
umount /tmp/ubuntu
echo "=========================="
if [ $success -ne 1 ] ; then
echo 'Something went wrong while executing the chroot setup script!'
echo 'Look above for more clues.'
exit 1
fi
# finally make it bootable, but just once (-S 0: flagged as not successful, -T 1: one try)
cgpt add -S 0 -T 1 -P 12 -i 6 ${target_disk}
echo "Done -- reboot to enter Ubuntu (not set as default, only once)."
echo "In Ubuntu, the root password is blank -- please change it and create a user"
echo "To set Ubuntu to boot again once, run"
echo " /usr/local/chromebook-boot-ubuntu"
echo "To always boot Ubuntu (after testing), run"
echo " /usr/local/chromebook-boot-ubuntu-always"
echo "These scripts are also in /bin on the Ubuntu partition."
@fozziebox
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Cool script, very easy to set up. The touch-pad seems a bit erratic though, sometimes the cursor does not move and other times it clicks when trying to just move cursor.

Any thoughts?

Cheers

@yunfan
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yunfan commented Mar 19, 2013

this scripted failed when i want to install the image to mmcblk1

@genkikami
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So I am looking to install ubuntu on my samsung 3 chomebook. How do i run this from the console?

@smithwd
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smithwd commented Mar 20, 2013

I tried it last might and it had a couple of glitches.

One minor issue that I had was the SD card was already formated and auto mounted by the ChromeOS. I needed to manually unmount the partitions (trivial), but it would be nice to automagically do this in the script.

I also got an error on this because it could not find the opengles package:

   apt-get -y install xserver-xorg-video-armsoc chromium-mali-opengles

It looks like the chromiuim-mali-opengles package has been removed - but there are still references to it.

Also - I had to manually do some of the commands at the bottom of the setup-script because the "apt-get update" did not pull all of the updates.

Anyway - I was able to boot the system without it after installation.

I am not particularly happy with the default Window manager - looking for something else.

But in general this is pretty close to working.

@User9000
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how can i run this script on ubuntu, sorry if this an obvious questions but im new with this.

@msmri
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msmri commented Mar 20, 2013

thanks for the great info. i believe i installed on my samsung chromebook xe303. i get a message

Ubuntu Raring Ringtail (development branch) localhost.localdomain tty1

it then asks for localhost login. that's where i get stuck. says above that password is blank but for the life of me, i cannot figure out user id. tried admin, user, root, sudo, blank, guest...

what am i missing? any help would be much appreciated.

on further inspection i see the script returned a bunch of error messages on the passwd and all the apt-get; then an error reading kernel file. i suspect there may be a problem somewhere from 202 or lower. again any tips most welcome.

@sophision
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This didn't completely work for me. Upon reboot, I'm greeted with a "plymouthd" error that other people seem to be getting here and elsewhere:
http://virtuallyhyper.com/2013/03/update-chrubuntu-12-04-to-13-04-on-the-samsung-chromebook/
https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/plymouth/+bug/1082742

Anyone have thoughts for a workaround?

@freechoicefly
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Thanks for your great script. And I have a few question.

Q1:In line 168, it seem that the script should check USB flash drive for local image. If I had already downloaded the img file from cdimage.ubuntu.com, what directory should I place in the USB flash drive? In root directory should be OK? and what file name should I rename this image file?

Q2:In the post of 'smithwd', there was a faild package, how can we fix it?

Q3:Should this script be available for Samsung Chromebook 2 (both 11.6" and 13.3")? It seems that they have a different processor with Samsung CB 1(4-cores A-15 plus 4-cores A-7, 2-cores A15).

Thank you very for answering.

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