Calculates a simple word (or letter) value in 112 bytes.
The word (or letter) value is a well known geocaching method to turn words or characters into numbers. A value is assigned to each character and those values are summed and sometimes summed again to end up with only one digit, the latter is sometime calles the row sum method. There are multiple ways to assign values to characters, the default assignment is A=1, B=2, C=3, ..., Z=26.
Benchmarks: [http://jsperf.com/cachedarraycreation/2]
Even smaller:D