Anatomy of A Figure: State-Based

gistfile1.txt

import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from matplotlib.ticker import AutoMinorLocator

np.random.seed(19680801)

X = np.linspace(0.5, 3.5, 100)
Y1 = 3 + np.cos(X)
Y2 = 1 + np.cos(1 + X / 0.75) / 2
Y3 = np.random.uniform(Y1, Y2, len(X))

#  Implicity create one axes accessing with plt.()
fig = plt.figure(figsize=(8, 8))  # creates

def minor_tick(x, pos):
    if not x % 1.0:
        return ""
    return f"{x:.2f}"

#  Tick formatting
#  These axes methods are run on plt.gca() "get current access"
plt.gca().xaxis.set_minor_locator(AutoMinorLocator(4))
plt.gca().xaxis.set_minor_formatter(minor_tick)

#  Additional tick parameters
plt.minorticks_on()          # explicity turn them on
plt.tick_params(which="major", width=1.0, length=10)
plt.tick_params(which="minor", width=1.0, length=5, labelsize=10, labelbottom=True, labelcolor="C0")

# How many ticks appear on axis
plt.xticks(np.arange(5))
plt.yticks(np.arange(5))

#  How far the plot shows data on the x axis (may exceed ticks)
plt.xlim(0, 4)
plt.ylim(0, 4)

#  Actual plotting
plt.title("Anatomy of a Figure: State-Based", fontsize=20, verticalalignment="bottom")
plt.plot(X, Y1, c=(0.25, 0.25, 1.00), lw=2, label="Blue signal", zorder=10)
plt.plot(X, Y2, c=(1.00, 0.25, 0.25), lw=2, label="Red signal")
plt.plot(X, Y3, linewidth=0, marker="o", markerfacecolor="w", markeredgecolor="k")
plt.xlabel("X axis label")
plt.ylabel("Y axis label")
plt.legend()
plt.grid()
plt.tight_layout()

#  Helper functions
def circle(x, y, radius=0.03):
    from matplotlib.patches import Circle
    circle = Circle(
        (x, y),
        radius,
        clip_on=False,
        zorder=10,
        linewidth=1,
        edgecolor="black",
        facecolor=(0, 0, 0, 0.0125)
      )
    fig.add_artist(circle)

def text(x, y, text):
    plt.text(
        x,
        y,
        text,
        backgroundcolor="white",
        ha="center",
        va="top",
        weight="bold",
        color="blue",
    )

# Minor tick label
circle(.19, 0.07)
text(0.50, -0.23, "Minor tick label")

# Major tick
circle(.080, .93)
text(0.03, 3.81, "Major tick")

# Minor tick
circle(0.080, .849)
text(0.03, 3.43, "Minor tick")

#  Major tick label
circle(.055, .725)
text(-0.07, 2.82, "Major tick label")

# X Label
circle(.49, 0.03)
text(1.87, -0.41, "X axis label")

# Y Label
circle(.025, .48)
text(-0.24, 1.68, "Y axis label")

# Title
circle(.399, .97)
text(1.43, 3.97, "Title")

# Blue plot
circle(.467, .685)
text(1.73, 2.62, "Line\n(line plot)")

# Red plot
circle(0.35, 0.212)
text(1.215, 0.41, "Line\n(line plot)")

# Scatter plot
circle(.80, .455)
text(3.23, 1.58, "Markers\n(scatter plot)")

# Grid
circle(.753, .722)
text(3.01, 2.83, "Grid")

# Legend
circle(.918, .898)
text(3.74, 3.66, "Legend")

# Axes
circle(0.16, 0.22)
text(0.370, 0.47, "Axes")

# Figure
circle(.023, .24)
text(-0.24, 0.55, "Figure")


plt.annotate(
    "",
    xy=(3.15, 0.00),
    xytext=(3.4, 0.55),
    arrowprops=dict(arrowstyle='->',connectionstyle="arc3",color="blue"),
    size=12, 
    color="blue",
    weight="bold"
)

plt.annotate(
    "Spines",
    xy=(3.98, 0.42),
    xytext=(3.24, 0.63),
    arrowprops=dict(arrowstyle='->',connectionstyle="arc3",color="blue"),
    size=12, 
    color="blue",
    weight="bold")

plt.text(3.91, -0.35,
        "Made with https://matplotlib.org",
        size=10, 
        ha="right",
        color=".5")
plt.show()