Modify the post terms block output in WordPress

render-post-terms-block-output.php

<?php
/**
 * Changes the links on post terms block for job listing category terms.
 *
 * @param string   $block_content The block content.
 * @param array    $block         The full block, including name and attributes.
 * @param WP_Block $instance      The block instance.
 *
 * @return string  $block_content The block content.
 */
function hd_edit_job_category_links( $block_content, $block, $instance ) {

	// if this is the post terms for job listing category.
	if ( empty( $block['attrs']['term'] ) ) {
		return $block_content;
	}

	if ( 'job_listing_category' !== $block['attrs']['term'] ) {
		return $block_content;
	}

	// remove the tags from the content string.
	$terms = wp_strip_all_tags( $block_content );

	// split the terms at the comma.
	$terms = explode( ',', $terms );

	// if we have terms.
	if ( empty( $terms ) ) {
		return $block_content;
	}

	// store the new content as an array of term outputs.
	$content = [];

	// loop through each term.
	foreach ( $terms as $term ) {

		// if this terms is empty.
		if ( empty( $term ) ) {
			continue;
		}

		// get the term object.
		$term = get_term_by( 'name', $term, 'job_listing_category' );
		
		$content[] = '<a href="' . get_post_type_archive_link( 'job_listing' ) . '?_job_industry=' . esc_attr( $term->slug ) . '" rel="tag">' . esc_html( $term->name ) . '</a>';

	}

	// if we have no content.
	if ( empty( $content ) ) {
		return $block_content;
	}

	return '<div class="taxonomy-job_listing_category wp-block-post-terms">' . implode( '<span class="wp-block-post-terms__separator">, </span>', $content ) . '</div>';

}

add_filter( 'render_block_core/post-terms', 'hd_edit_job_category_links', 10, 3 );