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GCP: replacing the main network interface with a bridge
Raw
.md

GCP: replacing the main network interface with a bridge

The terraform file and the first commands can be found here.

# ip a
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000
    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
    inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 ::1/128 scope host noprefixroute 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: ens4: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1460 qdisc mq state UP group default qlen 1000
    link/ether 42:01:0a:00:00:09 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    altname enp0s4
    inet 10.0.0.9/32 metric 100 scope global dynamic ens4
       valid_lft 3544sec preferred_lft 3544sec
    inet6 fe80::4001:aff:fe00:9/64 scope link 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

# ip route
default via 10.0.0.1 dev ens4 proto dhcp src 10.0.0.9 metric 100 
10.0.0.1 dev ens4 proto dhcp scope link src 10.0.0.9 metric 100 
169.254.169.254 via 10.0.0.1 dev ens4 proto dhcp src 10.0.0.9 metric 100

/run/systemd/network/10-netplan-all-en.network:

[Match]
Name=en*

[Network]
DHCP=yes
LinkLocalAddressing=ipv6

[DHCP]
RouteMetric=100
UseMTU=true
UseDomains=true

/run/systemd/network/10-netplan-all-eth.network:

[Match]
Name=eth*

[Network]
DHCP=yes
LinkLocalAddressing=ipv6

[DHCP]
RouteMetric=100
UseMTU=true
UseDomains=true
Raw
a.md

The basic variant (as in the Arch Wiki)

# ip a
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000
    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
    inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 ::1/128 scope host noprefixroute 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: ens4: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1460 qdisc mq state UP group default qlen 1000
    link/ether 42:01:0a:00:00:0a brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    altname enp0s4
    inet 10.0.0.10/32 metric 100 scope global dynamic ens4
       valid_lft 3315sec preferred_lft 3315sec
    inet6 fe80::4001:aff:fe00:a/64 scope link 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

# ip route
default via 10.0.0.1 dev ens4 proto dhcp src 10.0.0.10 metric 100 
10.0.0.1 dev ens4 proto dhcp scope link src 10.0.0.10 metric 100 
169.254.169.254 via 10.0.0.1 dev ens4 proto dhcp src 10.0.0.10 metric 100

/etc/systemd/network/25-br0.netdev:

[NetDev]
Name=br0
Kind=bridge

/run/systemd/network/10-netplan-all-en.network:

[Match]
Name=en*

[Network]
Bridge=br0

/etc/systemd/network/25-br0.network:

[Match]
Name=br0

[Network]
DHCP=yes

# systemctl restart systemd-networkd

2024-04-14T12:13:23.481846+00:00 localhost systemd[793]: Startup finished in 149ms.
2024-04-14T12:13:23.484149+00:00 localhost systemd[1]: Started user@0.service - User Manager for UID 0.
2024-04-14T12:13:23.484268+00:00 localhost systemd[1]: Started session-1.scope - Session 1 of User root.

2024-04-14T12:17:40.903343+00:00 localhost google_guest_agent[384]: ERROR metadata.go:68 Error watching metadata: context canceled
2024-04-14T12:17:40.903592+00:00 localhost google_guest_agent[384]: GCE Agent Stopped
2024-04-14T12:17:40.905801+00:00 localhost systemd[1]: Stopping google-guest-agent.service - Google Compute Engine Guest Agent...
2024-04-14T12:17:40.905987+00:00 localhost systemd[1]: netplan-ovs-cleanup.service - OpenVSwitch configuration for cleanup was skipped because of an unmet condition check (ConditionFileIsExecutable=/usr/bin/ovs-vsctl).
2024-04-14T12:17:40.906077+00:00 localhost systemd[1]: systemd-networkd-wait-online.service: Deactivated successfully.
2024-04-14T12:17:40.906145+00:00 localhost systemd[1]: Stopped systemd-networkd-wait-online.service - Wait for Network to be Configured.
2024-04-14T12:17:40.906253+00:00 localhost systemd[1]: Stopping systemd-networkd-wait-online.service - Wait for Network to be Configured...
2024-04-14T12:17:40.908826+00:00 localhost systemd[1]: google-guest-agent.service: Deactivated successfully.
2024-04-14T12:17:40.909031+00:00 localhost systemd[1]: Stopped google-guest-agent.service - Google Compute Engine Guest Agent.
2024-04-14T12:17:40.909123+00:00 localhost systemd[1]: google-guest-agent.service: Consumed 1.983s CPU time.
2024-04-14T12:17:40.911541+00:00 localhost systemd[1]: Stopping systemd-networkd.service - Network Configuration...
2024-04-14T12:17:40.927461+00:00 localhost systemd-net[  422.118228] bridge: filtering via arp/ip/ip6tables is no longer available by default. Update your scripts to load br_netfilter if you need this.
workd[240]: ens4: DHCPv6 lease lost
2024-04-14T12:17:40.951831+00:00 localhost systemd[1]: systemd-networkd.service: Deactivated successfully.
2024-04-14T12:17:40.952129+00:00 localhost systemd[1]: Stopped systemd-networkd.service - Network Configuration.
2024-04-14T12:17:40.970674+00:00 localhost systemd[1]: Starting systemd-networkd.service - Network Configuration...
2024-04-14T12:17:41.057338+00:00 localhost kernel: [  422.118228] bridge: filtering via arp/ip/ip6tables is no longer av[  422.174809] br0: port 1(ens4) entered blocking state
ailable by defau[  422.180988] br0: port 1(ens4) entered disabled state
lt. Update your [  422.188619] device ens4 entered promiscuous mode
scripts to load br_netfilter if you need this.
[  422.197618] br0: port 1(ens4) entered blocking state
2024-04-14T12:17[  422.203210] br0: port 1(ens4) entered forwarding state
:41.061041+00:00 localhost syste[  422.212395] IPv6: ADDRCONF(NETDEV_CHANGE): br0: link becomes ready
md-networkd[822]: br0: netdev ready
2024-04-14T12:17:41.062219+00:00 localhost systemd-networkd[822]: ens4: Link UP
2024-04-14T12:17:41.062437+00:00 localhost systemd-networkd[822]: ens4: Gained carrier
2024-04-14T12:17:41.064016+00:00 localhost systemd-networkd[822]: lo: Link UP
2024-04-14T12:17:41.064197+00:00 localhost systemd-networkd[822]: lo: Gained carrier
2024-04-14T12:17:41.065115+00:00 localhost systemd-networkd[822]: ens4: Gained IPv6LL
2024-04-14T12:17:41.065949+00:00 localhost systemd-networkd[822]: Enumeration completed
2024-04-14T12:17:41.071570+00:00 localhost systemd[1]: Started systemd-networkd.service - Network Configuration.
2024-04-14T12:17:41.102093+00:00 localhost systemd-networkd[822]: br0: Configuring with /etc/systemd/network/25-br0.network.
2024-04-14T12:17:41.102237+00:00 localhost systemd-networkd[822]: ens4: Configuring with /run/systemd/network/10-netplan-all-en.network.
2024-04-14T12:17:41.102347+00:00 localhost systemd[1]: Starting google-guest-agent.service - Google Compute Engine Guest Agent...
2024-04-14T12:17:41.102419+00:00 localhost systemd[1]: Starting systemd-networkd-wait-online.service - Wait for Network to be Configured...
2024-04-14T12:17:41.107765+00:00 localhost kernel: [  422.174809] br0: port 1(ens4) entered blocking state
2024-04-14T12:17:41.107777+00:00 localhost kernel: [  422.180988] br0: port 1(ens4) entered disabled state
2024-04-14T12:17:41.113917+00:00 localhost kernel: [  422.188619] device ens4 entered promiscuous mode
2024-04-14T12:17:41.129903+00:00 localhost kernel: [  422.197618] br0: port 1(ens4) entered blocking state
2024-04-14T12:17:41.129930+00:00 localhost kernel: [  422.203210] br0: port 1(ens4) entered forwarding state
2024-04-14T12:17:41.131819+00:00 localhost systemd-networkd[822]: br0: Link UP
2024-04-14T12:17:41.139200+00:00 localhost kernel: [  422.212395] IPv6: ADDRCONF(NETDEV_CHANGE): br0: link becomes ready
2024-04-14T12:17:41.142551+00:00 localhost google_guest_agent[829]: GCE Agent Started (version 20240109.00)
2024-04-14T12:17:41.143954+00:00 localhost systemd-networkd[822]: br0: Gained carrier
2024-04-14T12:17:42.458348+00:00 localhost systemd-networkd[822]: br0: Gained IPv6LL

# ip a
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000
    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
    inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 ::1/128 scope host noprefixroute 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: ens4: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1460 qdisc mq master br0 state UP group default qlen 1000
    link/ether 42:01:0a:00:00:0a brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    altname enp0s4
3: br0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1460 qdisc noqueue state UP group default qlen 1000
    link/ether 4a:bd:96:40:79:60 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet6 fe80::48bd:96ff:fe40:7960/64 scope link 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

# ip route
Raw
b.md

MACAddress=none

# ip a
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000
    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
    inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 ::1/128 scope host noprefixroute 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: ens4: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1460 qdisc mq state UP group default qlen 1000
    link/ether 42:01:0a:00:00:0b brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    altname enp0s4
    inet 10.0.0.11/32 metric 100 scope global dynamic ens4
       valid_lft 3500sec preferred_lft 3500sec
    inet6 fe80::4001:aff:fe00:b/64 scope link 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

# ip route
default via 10.0.0.1 dev ens4 proto dhcp src 10.0.0.11 metric 100 
10.0.0.1 dev ens4 proto dhcp scope link src 10.0.0.11 metric 100 
169.254.169.254 via 10.0.0.1 dev ens4 proto dhcp src 10.0.0.11 metric 100

/etc/systemd/network/25-br0.netdev:

[NetDev]
Name=br0
Kind=bridge
MACAddress=none

/run/systemd/network/10-netplan-all-en.network:

[Match]
Name=en*

[Network]
Bridge=br0

/etc/systemd/network/25-br0.network:

[Match]
Name=br0

[Network]
DHCP=yes

# systemctl restart systemd-networkd

2024-04-14T12:23:33.925381+00:00 localhost systemd[794]: Startup finished in 139ms.
2024-04-14T12:23:33.925656+00:00 localhost systemd[1]: Started user@0.service - User Manager for UID 0.
2024-04-14T12:23:33.927561+00:00 localhost systemd[1]: Started session-1.scope - Session 1 of User root.

2024-04-14T12:25:44.965567+00:00 localhost google_guest_agent[429]: ERROR metadata.go:68 Error watching metadata: context canceled
2024-04-14T12:25:44.965994+00:00 localhost google_guest_agent[429]: GCE Agent Stopped
2024-04-14T12:25:44.966399+00:00 localhost systemd[1]: Stopping google-guest-agent.service - Google Compute Engine Guest Agent...
2024-04-14T12:25:44.966587+00:00 localhost systemd[1]: netplan-ovs-cleanup.service - OpenVSwitch configuration for cleanup was skipped because of an unmet condition check (ConditionFileIsExecutable=/usr/bin/ovs-vsctl).
2024-04-14T12:25:44.966757+00:00 localhost systemd[1]: systemd-networkd-wait-online.service: Deactivated successfully.
2024-04-14T12:25:44.966892+00:00 localhost systemd[1]: Stopped systemd-networkd-wait-online.service - Wait for Network to be Configured.
2024-04-14T12:25:44.967003+00:00 localhost systemd[1]: Stopping systemd-networkd-wait-online.service - Wait for Network to be Configured...
2024-04-14T12:25:44.967898+00:00 localhost systemd[1]: google-guest-agent.service: Deactivated successfully.
2024-04-14T12:25:44.969611+00:00 localhost systemd[1]: Stopped google-guest-agent.service - Google Compute Engine Guest Agent.
2024-04-14T12:25:44.969770+00:00 localhost systemd[1]: Stopping systemd-networkd.service - Network Config[  210.987038] bridge: filtering via arp/ip/ip6tables is no longer available by default. Update your scripts to load br_netfilter if you need this.
uration...
2024-04-14T12:25:44.982679+00:00 localhost systemd-networkd[236]: ens4: DHCPv6 lease lost
2024-04-14T12:25:45.001946+00:00 localhost systemd[1]: systemd-networkd.service: Deactivated successfully.
2024-04-14T12:25:45.002209+00:00 localhost systemd[1]: Stopped systemd-networkd.service - Network Configuration.
2024-04-14T12:25:45.022919+00:00 localhost systemd[1]: Starting systemd-networkd.service - Network Configuration...
2024-04-14T12:25:45.097045+00:00 localhost kernel: [  210.987038] bridge: filtering via arp/ip/ip6tables is no longer available by def[  211.051263] br0: port 1(ens4) entered blocking state
ault. Update you[  211.056925] br0: port 1(ens4) entered disabled state
r scripts to loa[  211.064041] device ens4 entered promiscuous mode
d br_netfilter i[  211.070585] br0: port 1(ens4) entered blocking state
[  211.076264] br0: port 1(ens4) entered forwarding state
f you need this.
2024-04-14T12:[  211.083927] IPv6: ADDRCONF(NETDEV_CHANGE): br0: link becomes ready
25:45.102710+00:00 localhost systemd-networkd[818]: br0: netdev ready
2024-04-14T12:25:45.102977+00:00 localhost systemd-networkd[818]: ens4: Link UP
2024-04-14T12:25:45.103075+00:00 localhost systemd-networkd[818]: ens4: Gained carrier
2024-04-14T12:25:45.104225+00:00 localhost systemd-networkd[818]: lo: Link UP
2024-04-14T12:25:45.104327+00:00 localhost systemd-networkd[818]: lo: Gained carrier
2024-04-14T12:25:45.104908+00:00 localhost systemd-networkd[818]: ens4: Gained IPv6LL
2024-04-14T12:25:45.108427+00:00 localhost systemd-networkd[818]: Enumeration completed
2024-04-14T12:25:45.113351+00:00 localhost systemd[1]: Started systemd-networkd.service - Network Configuration.
2024-04-14T12:25:45.121305+00:00 localhost systemd[1]: Starting google-guest-agent.service - Google Compute Engine Guest Agent...
2024-04-14T12:25:45.121491+00:00 localhost systemd[1]: Starting systemd-networkd-wait-online.service - Wait for Network to be Configured...
2024-04-14T12:25:45.122806+00:00 localhost systemd-networkd[818]: br0: Configuring with /etc/systemd/network/25-br0.network.
2024-04-14T12:25:45.124035+00:00 localhost systemd-networkd[818]: ens4: Configuring with /run/systemd/network/10-netplan-all-en.network.
2024-04-14T12:25:45.138692+00:00 localhost google_guest_agent[824]: GCE Agent Started (version 20240109.00)
2024-04-14T12:25:45.158024+00:00 localhost kernel: [  211.051263] br0: port 1(ens4) entered blocking state
2024-04-14T12:25:45.158041+00:00 localhost kernel: [  211.056925] br0: port 1(ens4) entered disabled state
2024-04-14T12:25:45.164237+00:00 localhost kernel: [  211.064041] device ens4 entered promiscuous mode
2024-04-14T12:25:45.176244+00:00 localhost kernel: [  211.070585] br0: port 1(ens4) entered blocking state
2024-04-14T12:25:45.177031+00:00 localhost kernel: [  211.076264] br0: port 1(ens4) entered forwarding state
2024-04-14T12:25:45.183637+00:00 localhost systemd-networkd[818]: br0: Link UP
2024-04-14T12:25:45.189035+00:00 localhost kernel: [  211.083927] IPv6: ADDRCONF(NETDEV_CHANGE): br0: link becomes ready
2024-04-14T12:25:45.192675+00:00 localhost systemd-networkd[818]: br0: Gained carrier
2024-04-14T12:25:47.193784+00:00 localhost systemd-networkd[818]: br0: Gained IPv6LL

# ip a
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000
    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
    inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 ::1/128 scope host noprefixroute 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: ens4: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1460 qdisc mq master br0 state UP group default qlen 1000
    link/ether 42:01:0a:00:00:0b brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    altname enp0s4
3: br0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1460 qdisc noqueue state UP group default qlen 1000
    link/ether ce:73:cf:40:a4:86 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet6 fe80::cc73:cfff:fe40:a486/64 scope link 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

# ip route
Raw
c.md

MACAddress equals that of the main network interface

# ip a
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000
    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
    inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 ::1/128 scope host noprefixroute 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: ens4: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1460 qdisc mq state UP group default qlen 1000
    link/ether 42:01:0a:00:00:0c brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    altname enp0s4
    inet 10.0.0.12/32 metric 100 scope global dynamic ens4
       valid_lft 3475sec preferred_lft 3475sec
    inet6 fe80::4001:aff:fe00:c/64 scope link 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

# ip route
default via 10.0.0.1 dev ens4 proto dhcp src 10.0.0.12 metric 100 
10.0.0.1 dev ens4 proto dhcp scope link src 10.0.0.12 metric 100 
169.254.169.254 via 10.0.0.1 dev ens4 proto dhcp src 10.0.0.12 metric 100

/etc/systemd/network/25-br0.netdev:

[NetDev]
Name=br0
Kind=bridge
MACAddress=42:01:0a:00:00:0c

/run/systemd/network/10-netplan-all-en.network:

[Match]
Name=en*

[Network]
Bridge=br0

/etc/systemd/network/25-br0.network:

[Match]
Name=br0

[Network]
DHCP=yes

# systemctl restart systemd-networkd

2024-04-14T12:34:39.637192+00:00 localhost systemd[1]: Stopping google-guest-agent.service - Google Compute Engine Guest Agent...
2024-04-14T12:34:39.637569+00:00 localhost systemd[1]: netplan-ovs-cleanup.service - OpenVSwitch configuration for cleanup was skipped because of an unmet condition check (ConditionFileIsExecutable=/usr/bin/ovs-vsctl).
2024-04-14T12:34:39.637674+00:00 localhost systemd[1]: systemd-networkd-wait-online.service: Deactivated successfully.
2024-04-14T12:34:39.639204+00:00 localhost google_guest_agent[385]: ERROR metadata.go:68 Error watching metadata: context canceled
2024-04-14T12:34:39.639326+00:00 localhost google_guest_agent[385]: GCE Agent Stopped
2024-04-14T12:34:39.639390+00:00 localhost systemd[1]: Stopped systemd-networkd-wait-online.service - Wait for Network to be Configured.
2024-04-14T12:34:39.639479+00:00 localhost systemd[1]: Stopping systemd-networkd-wait-online.service - Wait for Network to be Configured...
2024-04-14T12:34:39.644775+00:00 localhost systemd[1]: google-guest-agent.service: Deactivated successfully.
2024-04-14T12:34:39.644980+00:00 localhost systemd[1]: Stopped google-guest-agent.service - Google Compute Engine Guest Agent.
2024-04-14T12:34:39.645081+00:00 localhost systemd[1]: google-guest-agent.service: Consumed 1.147s CPU time.
2024-04-14T12:34:39.645190+00:00 localhost systemd[1]: Stopping systemd-net[  259.773637] bridge: filtering via arp/ip/ip6tables is no longer available by default. Update your scripts to load br_netfilter if you need this.
workd.service - Network Configuration...
2024-04-14T12:34:39.655959+00:00 localhost systemd-networkd[240]: ens4: DHCPv6 lease lost
2024-04-14T12:34:39.675336+00:00 localhost systemd[1]: systemd-networkd.service: Deactivated successfully.
2024-04-14T12:34:39.675675+00:00 localhost systemd[1]: Stopped systemd-networkd.service - Network Configuration.
2024-04-14T12:34:39.696200+00:00 localhost systemd[1]: Starting systemd-networkd.service - Network Configuration...
2024-04-[  259.830745] br0: port 1(ens4) entered blocking state
14T12:34:39.7783[  259.836003] br0: port 1(ens4) entered disabled state
56+00:00 localho[  259.843595] device ens4 entered promiscuous mode
st kernel: [  25[  259.849456] br0: port 1(ens4) entered blocking state
9.773637] bridge[  259.855919] br0: port 1(ens4) entered forwarding state
: filtering via [  259.863502] IPv6: ADDRCONF(NETDEV_CHANGE): br0: link becomes ready
arp/ip/ip6tables is no longer available by default. Update your scripts to load br_netfilter if you need this.
2024-04-14T12:34:39.783835+00:00 localhost systemd-networkd[820]: br0: netdev ready
2024-04-14T12:34:39.784939+00:00 localhost systemd-networkd[820]: ens4: Link UP
2024-04-14T12:34:39.785192+00:00 localhost systemd-networkd[820]: ens4: Gained carrier
2024-04-14T12:34:39.786804+00:00 localhost systemd-networkd[820]: lo: Link UP
2024-04-14T12:34:39.787022+00:00 localhost systemd-networkd[820]: lo: Gained carrier
2024-04-14T12:34:39.787938+00:00 localhost systemd-networkd[820]: ens4: Gained IPv6LL
2024-04-14T12:34:39.788859+00:00 localhost systemd-networkd[820]: Enumeration completed
2024-04-14T12:34:39.789361+00:00 localhost systemd[1]: Started systemd-networkd.service - Network Configuration.
2024-04-14T12:34:39.790253+00:00 localhost systemd-networkd[820]: br0: Configuring with /etc/systemd/network/25-br0.network.
2024-04-14T12:34:39.791486+00:00 localhost systemd-networkd[820]: ens4: Configuring with /run/systemd/network/10-netplan-all-en.network.
2024-04-14T12:34:39.810630+00:00 localhost systemd[1]: Starting google-guest-agent.service - Google Compute Engine Guest Agent...
2024-04-14T12:34:39.816188+00:00 localhost systemd[1]: Starting systemd-networkd-wait-online.service - Wait for Network to be Configured...
2024-04-14T12:34:39.829790+00:00 localhost kernel: [  259.830745] br0: port 1(ens4) entered blocking state
2024-04-14T12:34:39.829814+00:00 localhost kernel: [  259.836003] br0: port 1(ens4) entered disabled state
2024-04-14T12:34:39.838553+00:00 localhost google_guest_agent[826]: GCE Agent Started (version 20240109.00)
2024-04-14T12:34:39.849739+00:00 localhost kernel: [  259.843595] device ens4 entered promiscuous mode
2024-04-14T12:34:39.849755+00:00 localhost kernel: [  259.849456] br0: port 1(ens4) entered blocking state
2024-04-14T12:34:39.849757+00:00 localhost kernel: [  259.855919] br0: port 1(ens4) entered forwarding state
2024-04-14T12:34:39.850503+00:00 localhost kernel: [  259.863502] IPv6: ADDRCONF(NETDEV_CHANGE): br0: link becomes ready
2024-04-14T12:34:39.866171+00:00 localhost systemd-networkd[820]: br0: Link UP
2024-04-14T12:34:39.872063+00:00 localhost systemd-networkd[820]: br0: Gained carrier
2024-04-14T12:34:39.882846+00:00 localhost systemd-networkd[820]: br0: DHCPv4 address 10.0.0.12/32, gateway 10.0.0.1 acquired from 169.254.169.254
2024-04-14T12:34:39.883255+00:00 localhost dbus-daemon[363]: [system] Activating via systemd: service name='org.freedesktop.hostname1' unit='dbus-org.freedesktop.hostname1.service' requested by ':1.12' (uid=998 pid=820 comm="/lib/systemd/systemd-networkd")
2024-04-14T12:34:39.899527+00:00 localhost systemd[1]: Starting systemd-hostnamed.service - Hostname Service...
2024-04-14T12:34:39.988009+00:00 localhost dbus-daemon[363]: [system] Successfully activated service 'org.freedesktop.hostname1'
2024-04-14T12:34:39.988167+00:00 localhost systemd[1]: Started systemd-hostnamed.service - Hostname Service.
2024-04-14T12:34:40.021152+00:00 localhost systemd-hostnamed[847]: Hostname set to <test-vpn.europe-central2-a.c.ometv-stage.internal> (transient)
2024-04-14T12:34:40.042543+00:00 localhost google_guest_agent[826]: Starting the scheduler to run jobs
2024-04-14T12:34:40.042795+00:00 localhost google_guest_agent[826]: Scheduler - start: []
2024-04-14T12:34:40.043893+00:00 localhost google_guest_agent[826]: Skipping scheduling credential generation job, failed to reach client credentials endpoint(instance/credentials/certs) with error: error connecting to metadata server, status code: 404
2024-04-14T12:34:40.043985+00:00 localhost google_guest_agent[826]: ERROR scheduler.go:177 Failed to schedule job MTLS_MDS_Credential_Boostrapper with error: ShouldEnable() returned false, cannot schedule job MTLS_MDS_Credential_Boostrapper
2024-04-14T12:34:40.054014+00:00 localhost systemd[1]: Started google-guest-agent.service - Google Compute Engine Guest Agent.
2024-04-14T12:34:40.068242+00:00 localhost google_guest_agent[826]: Starting the scheduler to run jobs
2024-04-14T12:34:40.070729+00:00 localhost google_guest_agent[826]: No restorecon available, not restoring SELinux context of: /etc/ssh/oslogin_trustedca.pub
2024-04-14T12:34:40.074015+00:00 localhost google_guest_agent[826]: Enabling OS Login
2024-04-14T12:34:40.075913+00:00 localhost google_guest_agent[826]: Scheduling job: telemetryJobID
2024-04-14T12:34:40.075995+00:00 localhost google_guest_agent[826]: Scheduling job "telemetryJobID" to run at 24.000000 hr interval
2024-04-14T12:34:40.076032+00:00 localhost google_guest_agent[826]: Successfully scheduled job telemetryJobID
2024-04-14T12:34:40.079215+00:00 localhost google_guest_agent[826]: Scheduler - added: [now 2024-04-14 12:34:40.079073632 +0000 UTC entry 1 next 2024-04-15 12:34:40 +0000 UTC]
2024-04-14T12:34:40.079349+00:00 localhost google_guest_agent[826]: Invoking job "telemetryJobID"
2024-04-14T12:34:40.093667+00:00 localhost dhclient[906]: Internet Systems Consortium DHCP Client 4.4.3-P1
2024-04-14T12:34:40.093842+00:00 localhost dhclient[906]: Copyright 2004-2022 Internet Systems Consortium.
2024-04-14T12:34:40.093893+00:00 localhost dhclient[906]: All rights reserved.
2024-04-14T12:34:40.093932+00:00 localhost dhclient[906]: For info, please visit https://www.isc.org/software/dhcp/
2024-04-14T12:34:40.093975+00:00 localhost dhclient[906]:
2024-04-14T12:34:40.094023+00:00 localhost dhclient[906]: no link-local IPv6 address for ens4
2024-04-14T12:34:40.094070+00:00 localhost dhclient[906]:
2024-04-14T12:34:40.094118+00:00 localhost dhclient[906]: If you think you have received this message due to a bug rather
2024-04-14T12:34:40.094163+00:00 localhost dhclient[906]: than a configuration issue please read the section on submitting
2024-04-14T12:34:40.094224+00:00 localhost dhclient[906]: bugs on either our web page at www.isc.org or in the README file
2024-04-14T12:34:40.094407+00:00 localhost dhclient[906]: before submitting a bug.  These pages explain the proper
2024-04-14T12:34:40.094468+00:00 localhost dhclient[906]: process and the information we find helpful for debugging.
2024-04-14T12:34:40.094517+00:00 localhost dhclient[906]:
2024-04-14T12:34:40.094564+00:00 localhost dhclient[906]: exiting.
2024-04-14T12:34:40.094982+00:00 localhost google_guest_agent[826]: ERROR addresses.go:304 Error configuring IPv6: Internet Systems Consortium DHCP Client 4.4.3-P1
2024-04-14T12:34:40.095078+00:00 localhost google_guest_agent[826]: Copyright 2004-2022 Internet Systems Consortium.
2024-04-14T12:34:40.095147+00:00 localhost google_guest_agent[826]: All rights reserved.
2024-04-14T12:34:40.095177+00:00 localhost google_guest_agent[826]: For info, please visit https://www.isc.org/software/dhcp/
2024-04-14T12:34:40.095202+00:00 localhost google_guest_agent[826]: no link-local IPv6 address for ens4
2024-04-14T12:34:40.095230+00:00 localhost google_guest_agent[826]: If you think you have received this message due to a bug rather
2024-04-14T12:34:40.095269+00:00 localhost google_guest_agent[826]: than a configuration issue please read the section on submitting
2024-04-14T12:34:40.095299+00:00 localhost google_guest_agent[826]: bugs on either our web page at www.isc.org or in the README file
2024-04-14T12:34:40.095326+00:00 localhost google_guest_agent[826]: before submitting a bug.  These pages explain the proper
2024-04-14T12:34:40.095354+00:00 localhost google_guest_agent[826]: process and the information we find helpful for debugging.
2024-04-14T12:34:40.095384+00:00 localhost google_guest_agent[826]: exiting.
2024-04-14T12:34:40.166703+00:00 localhost systemd[1]: Stopping systemd-logind.service - User Login Management...
2024-04-14T12:34:40.204206+00:00 localhost systemd[1]: systemd-logind.service: Deactivated successfully.
2024-04-14T12:34:40.204399+00:00 localhost systemd[1]: Stopped systemd-logind.service - User Login Management.
2024-04-14T12:34:40.223266+00:00 localhost systemd[1]: Starting modprobe@drm.service - Load Kernel Module drm...
2024-04-14T12:34:40.228707+00:00 localhost systemd[1]: modprobe@drm.service: Deactivated successfully.
2024-04-14T12:34:40.228968+00:00 localhost systemd[1]: Finished modprobe@drm.service - Load Kernel Module drm.
2024-04-14T12:34:40.233098+00:00 localhost systemd[1]: Starting systemd-logind.service - User Login Management...
2024-04-14T12:34:40.274370+00:00 localhost systemd[1]: Started systemd-logind.service - User Login Management.
2024-04-14T12:34:40.298000+00:00 localhost systemd[1]: Stopping cron.service - Regular background program processing daemon...
2024-04-14T12:34:40.298227+00:00 localhost systemd[1]: cron.service: Deactivated successfully.
2024-04-14T12:34:40.298802+00:00 localhost systemd[1]: Stopped cron.service - Regular background program processing daemon.
2024-04-14T12:34:40.323936+00:00 localhost systemd[1]: Started cron.service - Regular background program processing daemon.
2024-04-14T12:34:40.379879+00:00 localhost systemd[1]: Reloading ssh.service - OpenBSD Secure Shell server...
2024-04-14T12:34:40.401815+00:00 localhost systemd[1]: Reloaded ssh.service - OpenBSD Secure Shell server.
2024-04-14T12:34:41.578968+00:00 localhost systemd-networkd[820]: br0: Gained IPv6LL
2024-04-14T12:34:41.581819+00:00 localhost systemd[1]: Finished systemd-networkd-wait-online.service - Wait for Network to be Configured.
2024-04-14T12:35:10.052842+00:00 localhost systemd[1]: systemd-hostnamed.service: Deactivated successfully.

# ip a
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000
    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
    inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 ::1/128 scope host noprefixroute 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: ens4: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1460 qdisc mq master br0 state UP group default qlen 1000
    link/ether 42:01:0a:00:00:0c brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    altname enp0s4
3: br0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1460 qdisc noqueue state UP group default qlen 1000
    link/ether 42:01:0a:00:00:0c brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 10.0.0.12/32 metric 1024 scope global dynamic br0
       valid_lft 3518sec preferred_lft 3518sec
    inet6 fe80::4001:aff:fe00:c/64 scope link 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

# ip route
default via 10.0.0.1 dev br0 proto dhcp src 10.0.0.12 metric 1024 
10.0.0.1 dev br0 proto dhcp scope link src 10.0.0.12 metric 1024 
169.254.169.254 via 10.0.0.1 dev br0 proto dhcp src 10.0.0.12 metric 1024
Raw
d.md

MACAddress equals that of the main network interface + copy the main interface settings

# ip a
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000
    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
    inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 ::1/128 scope host noprefixroute 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: ens4: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1460 qdisc mq state UP group default qlen 1000
    link/ether 42:01:0a:00:00:0d brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    altname enp0s4
    inet 10.0.0.13/32 metric 100 scope global dynamic ens4
       valid_lft 3527sec preferred_lft 3527sec
    inet6 fe80::4001:aff:fe00:d/64 scope link 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

# ip route
default via 10.0.0.1 dev ens4 proto dhcp src 10.0.0.13 metric 100 
10.0.0.1 dev ens4 proto dhcp scope link src 10.0.0.13 metric 100 
169.254.169.254 via 10.0.0.1 dev ens4 proto dhcp src 10.0.0.13 metric 100

/etc/systemd/network/25-br0.netdev:

[NetDev]
Name=br0
Kind=bridge
MACAddress=42:01:0a:00:00:0d

/run/systemd/network/10-netplan-all-en.network:

[Match]
Name=en*

[Network]
Bridge=br0

/etc/systemd/network/25-br0.network:

[Match]
Name=br0

[Network]
DHCP=yes 
LinkLocalAddressing=ipv6

[DHCP]
RouteMetric=100
UseMTU=true
UseDomains=true

# systemctl restart systemd-networkd

2024-04-14T12:39:44.300053+00:00 localhost systemd[791]: Startup finished in 144ms.
2024-04-14T12:39:44.301281+00:00 localhost systemd[1]: Started session-1.scope - Session 1 of User root.

2024-04-14T12:42:02.552881+00:00 localhost systemd[1]: Stopping google-guest-agent.service - Google Compute Engine Guest Agent...
2024-04-14T12:42:02.553414+00:00 localhost systemd[1]: netplan-ovs-cleanup.service - OpenVSwitch configuration for cleanup was skipped because of an unmet condition check (ConditionFileIsExecutable=/usr/bin/ovs-vsctl).
2024-04-14T12:42:02.553598+00:00 localhost systemd[1]: systemd-networkd-wait-online.service: Deactivated successfully.
2024-04-14T12:42:02.553718+00:00 localhost systemd[1]: Stopped systemd-networkd-wait-online.service - Wait for Network to be Configured.
2024-04-14T12:42:02.553840+00:00 localhost systemd[1]: Stopping systemd-networkd-wait-online.service - Wait for Network to be Configured...
2024-04-14T12:42:02.560725+00:00 localhost google_guest_agent[384]: ERROR metadata.go:68 Error watching metadata: context canceled
2024-04-14T12:42:02.560866+00:00 localhost google_guest_agent[384]: GCE Agent Stopped
2024-04-14T12:42:02.560943+00:00 localhost systemd[1]: google-guest-agent.service: Deactivated successfully.
2024-04-14T12:42:02.561088+00:00 localhost systemd[1]: Stopped google-guest-agent.service - Google Compute Engine Guest Agent.
2024-04-14T12:42:02.561171+00:00 localhost systemd[1]: google-guest-agent.service: Consumed 1.782s CPU time.
2024-04-14T12:42:02.561265+00:00 localhost systemd[1]: Stopping systemd-networkd.service - Network Configuration...
2024-04-14T12:42:02.573138+00:00 local[  190.030070] bridge: filtering via arp/ip/ip6tables is no longer available by default. Update your scripts to load br_netfilter if you need this.
host systemd-networkd[238]: ens4: DHCPv6 lease lost
2024-04-14T12:42:02.593098+00:00 localhost systemd[1]: systemd-networkd.service: Deactivated successfully.
2024-04-14T12:42:02.593384+00:00 localhost systemd[1]: Stopped systemd-networkd.service - Network Configuration.
2024-04-14T12:42:02.610374+00:00 localhost systemd[1]: Starti[  190.076085] br0: port 1(ens4) entered blocking state
ng systemd-netwo[  190.081714] br0: port 1(ens4) entered disabled state
rkd.service - Network Configuration...
2024-04-14T12:42:02.7001[  190.094079] device ens4 entered promiscuous mode
15+00:00 localho[  190.099370] br0: port 1(ens4) entered blocking state
st kernel: [  19[  190.105840] br0: port 1(ens4) entered forwarding state
0.030070] bridge: filtering via [  190.114232] IPv6: ADDRCONF(NETDEV_CHANGE): br0: link becomes ready
arp/ip/ip6tables is no longer available by default. Update your scripts to load br_netfilter if you need this.
2024-04-14T12:42:02.706197+00:00 localhost systemd-networkd[815]: br0: netdev ready
2024-04-14T12:42:02.706389+00:00 localhost systemd-networkd[815]: ens4: Link UP
2024-04-14T12:42:02.706455+00:00 localhost systemd-networkd[815]: ens4: Gained carrier
2024-04-14T12:42:02.707705+00:00 localhost systemd-networkd[815]: lo: Link UP
2024-04-14T12:42:02.707855+00:00 localhost systemd-networkd[815]: lo: Gained carrier
2024-04-14T12:42:02.708376+00:00 localhost systemd-networkd[815]: ens4: Gained IPv6LL
2024-04-14T12:42:02.714809+00:00 localhost systemd-networkd[815]: Enumeration completed
2024-04-14T12:42:02.714982+00:00 localhost systemd[1]: Started systemd-networkd.service - Network Configuration.
2024-04-14T12:42:02.715978+00:00 localhost systemd-networkd[815]: br0: Configuring with /etc/systemd/network/25-br0.network.
2024-04-14T12:42:02.728862+00:00 localhost systemd-networkd[815]: ens4: Configuring with /run/systemd/network/10-netplan-all-en.network.
2024-04-14T12:42:02.728991+00:00 localhost systemd[1]: Starting google-guest-agent.service - Google Compute Engine Guest Agent...
2024-04-14T12:42:02.729202+00:00 localhost systemd[1]: Starting systemd-networkd-wait-online.service - Wait for Network to be Configured...
2024-04-14T12:42:02.741130+00:00 localhost kernel: [  190.076085] br0: port 1(ens4) entered blocking state
2024-04-14T12:42:02.741149+00:00 localhost kernel: [  190.081714] br0: port 1(ens4) entered disabled state
2024-04-14T12:42:02.758294+00:00 localhost kernel: [  190.094079] device ens4 entered promiscuous mode
2024-04-14T12:42:02.758324+00:00 localhost kernel: [  190.099370] br0: port 1(ens4) entered blocking state
2024-04-14T12:42:02.765022+00:00 localhost kernel: [  190.105840] br0: port 1(ens4) entered forwarding state
2024-04-14T12:42:02.774577+00:00 localhost kernel: [  190.114232] IPv6: ADDRCONF(NETDEV_CHANGE): br0: link becomes ready
2024-04-14T12:42:02.775426+00:00 localhost google_guest_agent[821]: GCE Agent Started (version 20240109.00)
2024-04-14T12:42:02.781047+00:00 localhost systemd-networkd[815]: br0: Link UP
2024-04-14T12:42:02.788173+00:00 localhost systemd-networkd[815]: br0: Gained carrier
2024-04-14T12:42:02.815885+00:00 localhost systemd-networkd[815]: br0: DHCPv4 address 10.0.0.13/32, gateway 10.0.0.1 acquired from 169.254.169.254
2024-04-14T12:42:02.833736+00:00 localhost dbus-daemon[362]: [system] Activating via systemd: service name='org.freedesktop.hostname1' unit='dbus-org.freedesktop.hostname1.service' requested by ':1.12' (uid=998 pid=815 comm="/lib/systemd/systemd-networkd")
2024-04-14T12:42:02.834058+00:00 localhost systemd[1]: Starting systemd-hostnamed.service - Hostname Service...
2024-04-14T12:42:02.910837+00:00 localhost dbus-daemon[362]: [system] Successfully activated service 'org.freedesktop.hostname1'
2024-04-14T12:42:02.911009+00:00 localhost systemd[1]: Started systemd-hostnamed.service - Hostname Service.
2024-04-14T12:42:02.944355+00:00 localhost systemd-hostnamed[846]: Hostname set to <test-vpn.europe-central2-a.c.ometv-stage.internal> (transient)
2024-04-14T12:42:02.956933+00:00 localhost google_guest_agent[821]: Starting the scheduler to run jobs
2024-04-14T12:42:02.957191+00:00 localhost google_guest_agent[821]: Scheduler - start: []
2024-04-14T12:42:02.958176+00:00 localhost google_guest_agent[821]: Skipping scheduling credential generation job, failed to reach client credentials endpoint(instance/credentials/certs) with error: error connecting to metadata server, status code: 404
2024-04-14T12:42:02.958246+00:00 localhost google_guest_agent[821]: ERROR scheduler.go:177 Failed to schedule job MTLS_MDS_Credential_Boostrapper with error: ShouldEnable() returned false, cannot schedule job MTLS_MDS_Credential_Boostrapper
2024-04-14T12:42:02.966500+00:00 localhost systemd[1]: Started google-guest-agent.service - Google Compute Engine Guest Agent.
2024-04-14T12:42:02.990091+00:00 localhost google_guest_agent[821]: Starting the scheduler to run jobs
2024-04-14T12:42:02.994146+00:00 localhost google_guest_agent[821]: No restorecon available, not restoring SELinux context of: /etc/ssh/oslogin_trustedca.pub
2024-04-14T12:42:03.007699+00:00 localhost google_guest_agent[821]: Enabling OS Login
2024-04-14T12:42:03.013889+00:00 localhost dhclient[903]: Internet Systems Consortium DHCP Client 4.4.3-P1
2024-04-14T12:42:03.014136+00:00 localhost dhclient[903]: Copyright 2004-2022 Internet Systems Consortium.
2024-04-14T12:42:03.014241+00:00 localhost dhclient[903]: All rights reserved.
2024-04-14T12:42:03.014331+00:00 localhost dhclient[903]: For info, please visit https://www.isc.org/software/dhcp/
2024-04-14T12:42:03.014427+00:00 localhost dhclient[903]:
2024-04-14T12:42:03.015134+00:00 localhost dhclient[903]: no link-local IPv6 address for ens4
2024-04-14T12:42:03.015295+00:00 localhost dhclient[903]:
2024-04-14T12:42:03.015408+00:00 localhost dhclient[903]: If you think you have received this message due to a bug rather
2024-04-14T12:42:03.015511+00:00 localhost dhclient[903]: than a configuration issue please read the section on submitting
2024-04-14T12:42:03.015600+00:00 localhost dhclient[903]: bugs on either our web page at www.isc.org or in the README file
2024-04-14T12:42:03.015698+00:00 localhost dhclient[903]: before submitting a bug.  These pages explain the proper
2024-04-14T12:42:03.015793+00:00 localhost dhclient[903]: process and the information we find helpful for debugging.
2024-04-14T12:42:03.015898+00:00 localhost dhclient[903]:
2024-04-14T12:42:03.016062+00:00 localhost dhclient[903]: exiting.
2024-04-14T12:42:03.016976+00:00 localhost google_guest_agent[821]: Scheduling job: telemetryJobID
2024-04-14T12:42:03.017053+00:00 localhost google_guest_agent[821]: ERROR addresses.go:304 Error configuring IPv6: Internet Systems Consortium DHCP Client 4.4.3-P1
2024-04-14T12:42:03.017109+00:00 localhost google_guest_agent[821]: Copyright 2004-2022 Internet Systems Consortium.
2024-04-14T12:42:03.017153+00:00 localhost google_guest_agent[821]: All rights reserved.
2024-04-14T12:42:03.017222+00:00 localhost google_guest_agent[821]: For info, please visit https://www.isc.org/software/dhcp/
2024-04-14T12:42:03.017263+00:00 localhost google_guest_agent[821]: no link-local IPv6 address for ens4
2024-04-14T12:42:03.017306+00:00 localhost google_guest_agent[821]: If you think you have received this message due to a bug rather
2024-04-14T12:42:03.017356+00:00 localhost google_guest_agent[821]: than a configuration issue please read the section on submitting
2024-04-14T12:42:03.017397+00:00 localhost google_guest_agent[821]: bugs on either our web page at www.isc.org or in the README file
2024-04-14T12:42:03.017432+00:00 localhost google_guest_agent[821]: before submitting a bug.  These pages explain the proper
2024-04-14T12:42:03.017469+00:00 localhost google_guest_agent[821]: process and the information we find helpful for debugging.
2024-04-14T12:42:03.017503+00:00 localhost google_guest_agent[821]: exiting.
2024-04-14T12:42:03.017542+00:00 localhost google_guest_agent[821]: Scheduling job "telemetryJobID" to run at 24.000000 hr interval
2024-04-14T12:42:03.017583+00:00 localhost google_guest_agent[821]: Successfully scheduled job telemetryJobID
2024-04-14T12:42:03.017639+00:00 localhost google_guest_agent[821]: Invoking job "telemetryJobID"
2024-04-14T12:42:03.024069+00:00 localhost google_guest_agent[821]: Scheduler - added: [now 2024-04-14 12:42:03.023812669 +0000 UTC entry 1 next 2024-04-15 12:42:03 +0000 UTC]
2024-04-14T12:42:03.084601+00:00 localhost systemd[1]: Stopping systemd-logind.service - User Login Management...
2024-04-14T12:42:03.121557+00:00 localhost systemd[1]: systemd-logind.service: Deactivated successfully.
2024-04-14T12:42:03.121812+00:00 localhost systemd[1]: Stopped systemd-logind.service - User Login Management.
2024-04-14T12:42:03.137661+00:00 localhost systemd[1]: Starting modprobe@drm.service - Load Kernel Module drm...
2024-04-14T12:42:03.141616+00:00 localhost systemd[1]: modprobe@drm.service: Deactivated successfully.
2024-04-14T12:42:03.142009+00:00 localhost systemd[1]: Finished modprobe@drm.service - Load Kernel Module drm.
2024-04-14T12:42:03.146229+00:00 localhost systemd[1]: Starting systemd-logind.service - User Login Management...
2024-04-14T12:42:03.187481+00:00 localhost systemd[1]: Started systemd-logind.service - User Login Management.
2024-04-14T12:42:03.211143+00:00 localhost systemd[1]: Stopping cron.service - Regular background program processing daemon...
2024-04-14T12:42:03.212133+00:00 localhost systemd[1]: cron.service: Deactivated successfully.
2024-04-14T12:42:03.212421+00:00 localhost systemd[1]: Stopped cron.service - Regular background program processing daemon.
2024-04-14T12:42:03.229745+00:00 localhost systemd[1]: Started cron.service - Regular background program processing daemon.
2024-04-14T12:42:03.264312+00:00 localhost systemd[1]: Reloading ssh.service - OpenBSD Secure Shell server...
2024-04-14T12:42:03.302922+00:00 localhost systemd[1]: Reloaded ssh.service - OpenBSD Secure Shell server.
2024-04-14T12:42:04.268743+00:00 localhost systemd-networkd[815]: br0: Gained IPv6LL
2024-04-14T12:42:04.272401+00:00 localhost systemd[1]: Finished systemd-networkd-wait-online.service - Wait for Network to be Configured.
2024-04-14T12:42:32.980401+00:00 localhost systemd[1]: systemd-hostnamed.service: Deactivated successfully.

# ip a
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000
    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
    inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 ::1/128 scope host noprefixroute 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: ens4: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1460 qdisc mq master br0 state UP group default qlen 1000
    link/ether 42:01:0a:00:00:0d brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    altname enp0s4
3: br0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1460 qdisc noqueue state UP group default qlen 1000
    link/ether 42:01:0a:00:00:0d brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 10.0.0.13/32 metric 100 scope global dynamic br0
       valid_lft 3541sec preferred_lft 3541sec
    inet6 fe80::4001:aff:fe00:d/64 scope link 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

# ip route
default via 10.0.0.1 dev br0 proto dhcp src 10.0.0.13 metric 100 
10.0.0.1 dev br0 proto dhcp scope link src 10.0.0.13 metric 100 
169.254.169.254 via 10.0.0.1 dev br0 proto dhcp src 10.0.0.13 metric 100
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