YearRange.php

<?php

namespace App\Validator;

use Symfony\Component\Validator\Constraints\Range;
use Symfony\Component\Validator\Constraints\RangeValidator;

class YearRange extends Range
{
    public function __construct($options)
    {
        $options['max'] = date('Y');
        
        parent::__construct($options);
    }
    
    public function validatedBy(): string
    {
        return RangeValidator::class;
    }
}

I extended this a bit, to always allow the current year as max:

<?php

declare(strict_types=1);

namespace App\Validator\Constraints;

use Symfony\Component\Validator\Constraints\Range;
use Symfony\Component\Validator\Constraints\RangeValidator;
use Symfony\Component\Validator\Exception\ConstraintDefinitionException;

/**
 * @Annotation
 * @Target({"PROPERTY", "METHOD", "ANNOTATION"})
 */
final class MaxCurrentYearRange extends Range
{
    public function __construct($options)
    {
        if (\array_key_exists('max', $options)) {
            throw new ConstraintDefinitionException(sprintf(
                'You are not allowed to provide "max" option for "%s".',
                self::class
            ));
        }

        $options['max'] = (int) date('Y');
        $options['minMessage'] = 'Das Jahr muss größer/gleich {{ limit }} sein.';
        $options['maxMessage'] = 'Das Jahr muss kleiner/gleich {{ limit }} sein.';

        parent::__construct($options);
    }

    public function validatedBy(): string
    {
        return RangeValidator::class;
    }
}