xatier/Arch_install.md

## Arch_install.md

      
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              Arch_install.md
            
          
    Archlinux installation


Reference


Arch's official guide


pf's note (too old)


Download the Archlinux ISO from a mirror site, dd into a USB stick.
After booting from a USB stick, you'll get a zsh root shell.
check for networking


ping google

ping google.com
network settings

DHCP


the DHCP client daemon should be started automatically

Public IP


dhcpcd -k or systemctl stop dhcpcd.service first to disable DHCP networking


use ip command and resolv.conf to configure network manually


ip link                       # interface, something like 'eth0' or 'enp2s0'
ip link set <if> up
ip addr add <ip address>/<subnetmask> dev <if>
ip route add default via <gateway's ip address>

vi /etc/resolv.conf
-------------------
nameserver 8.8.8.8
nameserver 8.8.4.4
search foo.bar.com
wireless


remember to install netctl after chroot, otherwise the network will be broken after rebooting

iw dev
wifi-menu
update the system clock

timedatectl set-ntp true
timedatectl status
partition table


check for old partitions first

fdisk -l
lsblk
lsblk -f

destroy the whole world
see Partitioning on Arch wiki

cfdisk /dev/sda

=================================
An example for creating  partition tabel
/         25G      /dev/sda1
swap      1G       /dev/sda2
/home     else     /dev/sda3

format partitions (ext4)

mkfs.ext4 /dev/sda1
mkfs.ext4 /dev/sda3

swap

mkswap /dev/sda2 && swapon /dev/sda2

verify all things are done well

lsblk /dev/sda
mount root and home

mount /dev/sda1 /mnt
mkdir /mnt/home && mount /dev/sda3 /mnt/home
select a mirror


choose NCTU or tku in Taiwan

vi /etc/pacman.d/mirrorlist
pacstrap


base system

pacstrap -i /mnt base linux linux-firmware vim

if the keylist is out-of-date

pacman -S archlinux-keyring
pacman-key --init && pacman-key --populate archlinux
generate fstab

genfstab -U /mnt >> /mnt/etc/fstab
cat /mnt/etc/fstab

edit /mnt/etc/fstab and add discard,noatime if you're using SSD

chroooooooooot!

arch-chroot /mnt
. /etc/profile
PS1="(chroot) $PS1"

timezone and hwclock

tzselect
ln -sf /usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Taipei /etc/localtime
hwclock --systohc

timedatectl status

note: /etc/timezone is no longer used now Arch wiki: Time

locale settings


remove comments for your locale

vi /etc/locale.gen
------------------
en_US.UTF-8 UTF-8
en_US ISO-8859-1
zh_TW.UTF-8 UTF-8
locale-gen
locale
echo "LANG=en_US.UTF-8" > /etc/locale.conf
hostname


set hostname

echo hostname > /etc/hostname

add your hostname in /etc/hosts

vi /etc/hosts
network configurations


check Arch wiki: systemd-netowrkd for details.


enable systemd-networkd services


systemctl enable systemd-networkd.service
systemctl enable systemd-resolved.service

do the following later after first reboot

systemctl restart systemd-networkd


/etc/resolv.conf


delete or rename the existing file and create the following symbolic link

ln -s /run/systemd/resolve/resolv.conf /etc/resolv.conf
different network types

networkctl list -a
networkctl status -a
DHCP

vim /etc/systemd/network/wired.network
--------------------------------------
[Match]
Name=enp1s0

[Network]
DHCP=ipv4
Static IP

vim /etc/systemd/network/wired.network
--------------------------------------
[Match]
Name=enp1s0

[Network]
Address=10.1.10.9/24
Gateway=10.1.10.1

Google Compute Engine uses 1460 for MTU

[Link]
MTUBytes=1460

Wireless


try Wicd or basic wifi-menu


note: dialog is required by wifi-menu


pacman -S iw wpa_supplicant dialog

you also can use systemd-networkd for your wireless networking
see Arch wiki: systemd-networkd

vim /etc/systemd/network/wireless.network
-----------------------------------------
[Match]
Name=wlp2s0

[Network]
DHCP=ipv4
generate initial ramdisk

mkinitcpio -P


note: you might take a look of /etc/mkinitcpio.conf and add some HOOKS if necessary

for QEMU/VKM/Google Compute Engine, in order to boot from a virtio drive, add the following:


MODULES="virtio virtio_blk virtio_pci virtio_net"


see Preparing an (Arch) Linux guest

root passwd and add user

passwd
useradd -m xatier
passwd xatier
grub bootloader


see Arch boot process and GRUB

pacman -S grub os-prober
grub-install --recheck /dev/sda
grub-mkconfig -o /boot/grub/grub.cfg
AUR

Install yay.
git clone https://aur.archlinux.org/yay.git
cd yay
makepkg -si
pacman -Syyu
bye bye chroot

exit
unmount everything

umount /mnt/{home,}
reboot

reboot

well done for base system!


post installation

become God

su -
install some tools

pacman -S openssh sudo screen tmux htop rsync git acpi
add a sudoer

visudo
VirtualBox


Vbox needs some special settings, see Archlinux wiki Virtualbox

X window

sudo pacman -S alsa-utils xorg-server xorg-xinit mesa [xf86-video-intel xf86-video-ati xf86-video-nouveau nvidia xf86-video-vmware] xf86-input-libinput ttf-dejavu ttf-inconsolata
awesome wm

sudo pacman -S awesome

vim ~/.xinitrc
--------------
exec awesome >> ~/.cache/awesome_stdout 2>> ~/.cache/awesome_stderr
ALL done!