Code for post on the Normativeness of Democracy
# Auxiliary functions for working with various surveys | |
library(reshape2) | |
library(plyr) | |
library(foreign) | |
library(ggplot2) | |
construct_network <- function(adjacencyMatrix, threshold=0.5, vertexattributes=NULL) { | |
stopifnot(require(network)) | |
adjacencyMatrix <- ifelse(adjacencyMatrix < threshold, 0, adjacencyMatrix) | |
net <- as.network(adjacencyMatrix,type="ajacency",directed=FALSE, ignore.eval= FALSE, names.eval="similarity") | |
for(i in names(vertexattributes)) { | |
#print(as.vector(vertexattributes[ ,i])) | |
set.vertex.attribute(net, i, as.vector(vertexattributes[ ,i])) | |
} | |
net | |
} | |
autoplot.network <- function(net, ..., mode="fruchtermanreingold",label="vertex.names",xlab="",ylab="",alpha=NULL, layout.par=NULL) { | |
stopifnot(require(network),require(sna)) | |
d <- as.matrix.network.adjacency(net) # get sociomatrix | |
#plotcord <- data.frame(position_matrix) | |
layout.fun <- try(match.fun(paste("gplot.layout.", mode, | |
sep = "")), silent = TRUE) | |
if (class(layout.fun) == "try-error") | |
stop("Error in gplot: no layout function for mode ", | |
mode) | |
plotcord <- data.frame(layout.fun(d, layout.par=layout.par)) | |
colnames(plotcord) = c("X1","X2") | |
edglist <- as.matrix.network.edgelist(net) | |
edges <- data.frame(plotcord[edglist[,1],], plotcord[edglist[,2],]) | |
for(i in list.edge.attributes(net)) { | |
edges <- cbind(edges,get.edge.attribute(net$mel, i)) | |
} | |
for(i in list.vertex.attributes(net)) { | |
plotcord <- cbind(plotcord,get.vertex.attribute(net, i)) | |
} | |
names(plotcord)[3:length(names(plotcord))] <- list.vertex.attributes(net) | |
colnames(edges) <- c("X1","Y1","X2","Y2",list.edge.attributes(net)) | |
map <- aes_string(x="X1",y="X2",...) | |
edgeMap <- aes_string(x="X1", y="Y1", xend = "X2", yend = "Y2",alpha=alpha) | |
labelMap <- aes_string(x="X1",y="X2",label=label) | |
pnet <- ggplot() + | |
geom_segment(mapping=edgeMap, | |
data=edges,color="grey") + | |
geom_point(mapping=map, data=plotcord) + | |
scale_x_continuous(breaks = NULL) + scale_y_continuous(breaks = NULL) + | |
geom_text(mapping=labelMap,data=plotcord,color="black") +labs(x=xlab,y=ylab)+theme_bw() | |
pnet | |
} | |
create_ccp_network <- function(data=ccp,vars=c("democ","assem","equal","express","freerel","assoc"),vertexattributes = c( "country.x", "cowcode", "systyear", "mean", "sd", "median", "pct025", "pct975", "cumMean"),threshold=0.5) { | |
stopifnot(require(cluster),require(network)) | |
matrixData <- as.data.frame(data[ , vars]) | |
matrixData <- colwise(as.numeric)(matrixData) | |
adjacencyMatrix <- as.matrix(daisy(matrixData, metric="gower")) | |
dimnames(adjacencyMatrix)[[1]] <- paste(data[ , vertexattributes[1]]) | |
dimnames(adjacencyMatrix)[[2]] <- paste(data[ , vertexattributes[1]]) | |
adjacencyMatrix <- 1 - adjacencyMatrix | |
adjacencyMatrix <- ifelse(adjacencyMatrix < threshold, 0, adjacencyMatrix) | |
net <- as.network(adjacencyMatrix,type="adjacency",directed=FALSE, ignore.eval= FALSE, names.eval="similarity") | |
for(i in vertexattributes) { | |
set.vertex.attribute(net, i, as.vector(data[ ,i])) | |
} | |
#print(net) | |
net | |
} | |
plot_ccp_network <- function(data=ccp,vars=c("democ","assem","equal","express","freerel","assoc"),title="",threshold=0.5, color="mean",size="cumMean",vertexattributes=c( "cowcode", "country.x", "systyear", "mean", "sd", "median", "pct025", "pct975", "cumMean"), label=expression(paste(vertex.names,systyear))) { | |
stopifnot(require(ggplot2)) | |
net <- create_ccp_network(data=data,vars=vars,threshold=threshold, vertexattributes=vertexattributes) | |
autoplot(net, color=color,size=size,alpha="similarity",label=label) + labs(alpha="Degree of similarity",color="Mean UDS score \nin 2006", size="Cumulative UDS score\nas of 2006", title=title) | |
} | |
find_communities <- function(vars=c("democ","assem","equal","express","freerel","assoc"),data=ccp,threshold=0) { | |
stopifnot(require(igraph), require(cluster)) | |
adjacencyMatrix <- as.matrix(daisy(as.data.frame(data[ ,vars]))) | |
adjacencyMatrix <- 1 - adjacencyMatrix | |
adjacencyMatrix <- ifelse(adjacencyMatrix < threshold, 0, adjacencyMatrix) | |
dimnames(adjacencyMatrix)[[1]] <- paste(data$country.x) | |
dimnames(adjacencyMatrix)[[2]] <- paste(data$country.y) | |
g <- graph.adjacency(adjacencyMatrix,mode="undirected",weighted=TRUE) | |
groups <- fastgreedy.community(g) | |
groups | |
} | |
extract_row <- function(df, n=1) { | |
df[sample(nrow(df), n), ] | |
} | |
compare_from_subset2 <- function(data=data.4,vars=names(data.4[7:295]), subsetVar = "meanCut", n = 2) { | |
stopifnot(require(cluster),require(plyr)) | |
d <- ddply(data, c(subsetVar), extract_row,n=n) | |
# d <- d[ , c("country.x",vars,subsetVar) ] | |
# print(d) | |
d <- d[ , vars ] | |
distMat <- as.matrix(1-daisy(d, metric="gower")) | |
dimnames(distMat)[[1]] <- rep(levels(data[ , subsetVar]),each=n) | |
dimnames(distMat)[[2]] <- rep(levels(data[ , subsetVar]),each=n) | |
distMat | |
} | |
calculate_similarities_3 <- function(data=data.4,vars=liberalDemVars, n = 100, subsetVar="meanCut", FUN="mean") { | |
meanV <- replicate(n, compare_from_subset2(data=data,vars=vars, subsetVar=subsetVar)) | |
apply(meanV, c(1,2), FUN=FUN) | |
} | |
create_network2 <- function(adjacencyMatrix,threshold=0.5) { | |
stopifnot(require(network)) | |
adjacencyMatrix <- 1 - adjacencyMatrix | |
adjacencyMatrix <- ifelse(adjacencyMatrix < threshold, 0, adjacencyMatrix) | |
net <- as.network(adjacencyMatrix,type="adjacency",directed=FALSE, ignore.eval= FALSE, names.eval="similarity") | |
#print(net) | |
net | |
} | |
plot.matrix <- function(d, ..., events.vars, mode="fruchtermanreingold",xlab="",ylab="",alpha=NULL, layout.par=NULL,actors.labels="countries",events.labels="characteristics", eventAttributes) { | |
stopifnot(require(network),require(sna),require(ggplot2)) | |
e <- as.matrix(d[ , events.vars]) | |
e <- ifelse(is.na(e),0,1) | |
net <- as.network(e, bipartite="TRUE") | |
mapping <- list(...) | |
mapping[sapply(mapping, is.null)] <- "NULL" | |
#print(mapping) | |
parsed <- lapply(mapping, function(x) parse(text = x)[[1]]) | |
#print(parsed) | |
actorAttributes <- d[ , -events.vars ] | |
#print(head(actorAttributes)) | |
#print(head(eventAttributes)) | |
vertex.attr <- rbind(actorAttributes,eventAttributes) | |
plotcord <- data.frame(gplot.layout.fruchtermanreingold(net, layout.par=layout.par)) | |
colnames(plotcord) = c("X1","X2") | |
plotcord <- cbind(plotcord,vertex.attr) | |
edglist <- as.matrix.network.edgelist(net) | |
edges <- data.frame(plotcord[edglist[,1],], plotcord[edglist[,2],]) | |
colnames(edges) <- c("X1","Y1",paste("events",names(vertex.attr),sep=""),"X2","Y2",paste("actors",names(vertex.attr),sep="")) | |
#print(head(edges)) | |
map <- aes_string(x="X1",y="X2",...) | |
labelMap <- aes_string(x="X1",y="X2",...) | |
edgeMap <- aes_string(x="X1", y="Y1", xend = "X2", yend = "Y2") | |
pnet <- ggplot() + | |
geom_segment(mapping=edgeMap, | |
data=edges,color="lightgrey") + | |
geom_point(mapping=map, data=plotcord) + | |
scale_x_continuous(breaks = NULL) + scale_y_continuous(breaks = NULL) + | |
geom_text(mapping=labelMap,data=plotcord,color="black") +labs(x=xlab,y=ylab)+theme_bw() | |
pnet | |
} |
cowcodes2 | cowcode2 | ccdcodelet | ccdcodenum | wdicode | imf_code | politycode | bankscode | dpicode | uncode | un_region | un_region_name | un_continent | un_continent_name | aclp_region | ccode | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
700 | 700 | AFG | 1 | AFG | 512 | 700 | 10 | AFG | 4 | 34 | Southern Asia | 142 | Asia | 9 | 700 | |
339 | 339 | ALB | 3 | ALB | 914 | 339 | 20 | ALB | 8 | 39 | Southern Europe | 150 | Europe | 9 | 339 | |
615 | 615 | DZA | 50 | DZA | 612 | 615 | 30 | DZA | 12 | 15 | Northern Africa | 2 | Africa | 6 | 615 | |
540 | 540 | AGO | 2 | AGO | 614 | 540 | 35 | AGO | 24 | 17 | Middle Africa | 2 | Africa | 1 | 540 | |
58 | 58 | ATG | 8 | ATG | 311 | 58 | 37 | ATG | 28 | 29 | Caribbean | 19 | Americas | 8 | 58 | |
160 | 160 | ARG | 5 | ARG | 213 | 160 | 40 | ARG | 32 | 5 | South America | 19 | Americas | 7 | 160 | |
371 | 371 | ARM | 6 | ARM | 911 | 371 | 45 | ARM | 51 | 145 | Western Asia | 142 | Asia | 9 | 371 | |
900 | 900 | AUS | 9 | AUS | 193 | 900 | 50 | AUS | 36 | 53 | Australia and New Zealand | 9 | Oceania | 10 | 900 | |
305 | 305 | AUT | 10 | AUT | 122 | 305 | 61 | AUT | 40 | 155 | Western Europe | 150 | Europe | 10 | 305 | |
373 | 373 | AZE | 11 | AZE | 912 | 373 | 64 | AZE | 31 | 145 | Western Asia | 142 | Asia | 9 | 373 | |
31 | 31 | BHS | 19 | BHS | 313 | 31 | 69 | BHS | 44 | 29 | Caribbean | 19 | Americas | 8 | 31 | |
692 | 692 | BHR | 18 | BHR | 419 | 692 | 65 | BHR | 48 | 145 | Western Asia | 142 | Asia | 11 | 692 | |
771 | 771 | BGD | 16 | BGD | 513 | 771 | 901 | BGD | 50 | 34 | Southern Asia | 142 | Asia | 2 | 771 | |
53 | 53 | BRB | 25 | BRB | 316 | 53 | 70 | BRB | 52 | 29 | Caribbean | 19 | Americas | 8 | 53 | |
370 | 370 | BLR | 21 | BLR | 913 | 370 | 75 | BLR | 112 | 151 | Eastern Europe | 150 | Europe | 9 | 370 | |
211 | 211 | BEL | 13 | BEL | 124 | 211 | 80 | BEL | 56 | 155 | Western Europe | 150 | Europe | 10 | 211 | |
80 | 80 | BLZ | 22 | BLZ | 339 | 80 | 90 | BLZ | 84 | 13 | Central America | 19 | Americas | 8 | 80 | |
434 | 434 | BEN | 14 | BEN | 638 | 434 | 310 | BEN | 204 | 11 | Western Africa | 2 | Africa | 1 | 434 | |
760 | 760 | BTN | 27 | BTN | 514 | 760 | 66 | BTN | 64 | 34 | Southern Asia | 142 | Asia | 2 | 760 | |
145 | 145 | BOL | 23 | BOL | 218 | 145 | 100 | BOL | 68 | 5 | South America | 19 | Americas | 7 | 145 | |
346 | 346 | BIH | 20 | BIH | 963 | 346 | 107 | BIH | 70 | 39 | Southern Europe | 150 | Europe | 9 | 346 | |
571 | 571 | BWA | 28 | BWA | 616 | 571 | 110 | BWA | 72 | 18 | Southern Africa | 2 | Africa | 1 | 571 | |
140 | 140 | BRA | 24 | BRA | 223 | 140 | 120 | BRA | 76 | 5 | South America | 19 | Americas | 7 | 140 | |
835 | 835 | BRN | 26 | BRN | 516 | 835 | 125 | BRN | 96 | 35 | South-Eastern Asia | 142 | Asia | 4 | 835 | |
355 | 355 | BGR | 17 | BGR | 918 | 355 | 130 | BGR | 100 | 151 | Eastern Europe | 150 | Europe | 9 | 355 | |
439 | 439 | BFA | 15 | BFA | 748 | 439 | 1230 | BFA | 854 | 11 | Western Africa | 2 | Africa | 1 | 439 | |
516 | 516 | BDI | 12 | BDI | 618 | 516 | 150 | BDI | 108 | 14 | Eastern Africa | 2 | Africa | 1 | 516 | |
811 | 811 | KHM | 93 | KHM | 522 | 811 | 160 | KHM | 116 | 35 | South-Eastern Asia | 142 | Asia | 4 | 811 | |
471 | 471 | CMR | 35 | CMR | 622 | 471 | 170 | CMR | 120 | 17 | Middle Africa | 2 | Africa | 1 | 471 | |
20 | 20 | CAN | 30 | CAN | 156 | 20 | 180 | CAN | 124 | 21 | Northern America | 19 | Americas | 10 | 20 | |
402 | 402 | CPV | 39 | CPV | 624 | 402 | 185 | CPV | 132 | 11 | Western Africa | 2 | Africa | 1 | 402 | |
482 | 482 | CAF | 29 | CAF | 626 | 482 | 190 | CAF | 140 | 17 | Middle Africa | 2 | Africa | 1 | 482 | |
483 | 483 | TCD | 168 | TCD | 628 | 483 | 210 | TCD | 148 | 17 | Middle Africa | 2 | Africa | 1 | 483 | |
155 | 155 | CHL | 32 | CHL | 228 | 155 | 220 | CHL | 152 | 5 | South America | 19 | Americas | 7 | 155 | |
710 | 710 | CHN | 33 | CHN | 924 | 710 | 230 | CHN | 156 | 30 | Eastern Asia | 142 | Asia | 3 | 710 | |
100 | 100 | COL | 37 | COL | 233 | 100 | 240 | COL | 170 | 5 | South America | 19 | Americas | 7 | 100 | |
581 | 581 | COM | 38 | COM | 632 | 581 | 245 | COM | 174 | 14 | Eastern Africa | 2 | Africa | 1 | 581 | |
484 | 484 | COG | 36 | COG | 634 | 484 | 250 | COG | 178 | 17 | Middle Africa | 2 | Africa | 1 | 484 | |
94 | 94 | CRI | 40 | CRI | 238 | 94 | 270 | CRI | 188 | 13 | Central America | 19 | Americas | 7 | 94 | |
437 | 437 | CIV | 34 | CIV | 662 | 437 | 580 | CIV | 384 | 11 | Western Africa | 2 | Africa | 1 | 437 | |
344 | 344 | HRV | 76 | HRV | 960 | 344 | 275 | HRV | 191 | 39 | Southern Europe | 150 | Europe | 9 | 344 | |
40 | 40 | CUB | 41 | CUB | 928 | 40 | 280 | CUB | 192 | 29 | Caribbean | 19 | Americas | 7 | 40 | |
352 | 352 | CYP | 42 | CYP | 423 | 352 | 290 | CYP | 196 | 145 | Western Asia | 142 | Asia | 10 | 352 | |
316 | 316 | CZE | 43 | CZE | 935 | 316 | 301 | CZE | 203 | 151 | Eastern Europe | 150 | Europe | 9 | 316 | |
390 | 390 | DNK | 48 | DNK | 128 | 390 | 320 | DNK | 208 | 154 | Northern Europe | 150 | Europe | 10 | 390 | |
522 | 522 | DJI | 46 | DJI | 611 | 522 | 325 | DJI | 262 | 14 | Eastern Africa | 2 | Africa | 1 | 522 | |
54 | 54 | DMA | 47 | DMA | 321 | 54 | 327 | DMA | 212 | 29 | Caribbean | 19 | Americas | 8 | 54 | |
42 | 42 | DOM | 49 | DOM | 243 | 42 | 330 | DOM | 214 | 29 | Caribbean | 19 | Americas | 7 | 42 | |
860 | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | South-Eastern Asia | NA | Asia | NA | 860 | |
130 | 130 | ECU | 51 | ECU | 248 | 130 | 340 | ECU | 218 | 5 | South America | 19 | Americas | 7 | 130 | |
651 | 651 | EGY | 52 | EGY | 469 | 651 | NA | EGY | 818 | 15 | Northern Africa | 2 | Africa | 6 | 651 | |
92 | 92 | SLV | 155 | SLV | 253 | 92 | 350 | SLV | 222 | 13 | Central America | 19 | Americas | 7 | 92 | |
411 | 411 | GNQ | 70 | GNQ | 642 | 411 | 355 | GNQ | 226 | 17 | Middle Africa | 2 | Africa | 1 | 411 | |
531 | 531 | ERI | 53 | ERI | 643 | 531 | 375 | ERI | 232 | 14 | Eastern Africa | 2 | Africa | 1 | 531 | |
366 | 366 | EST | 55 | EST | 939 | 366 | 360 | EST | 233 | 154 | Northern Europe | 150 | Europe | 9 | 366 | |
530 | 530 | ETH | 56 | ETH | 644 | 530 | 370 | ET1 | 231 | 14 | Eastern Africa | 2 | Africa | 1 | 530 | |
950 | 950 | FJI | 59 | FJI | 819 | 950 | 1216 | FJI | 242 | 54 | Melanesia | 9 | Oceania | 5 | 950 | |
375 | 375 | FIN | 58 | FIN | 172 | 375 | 380 | FIN | 246 | 154 | Northern Europe | 150 | Europe | 10 | 375 | |
220 | 220 | FRA | 60 | FRA | 132 | 220 | 390 | FRA | 250 | 155 | Western Europe | 150 | Europe | 10 | 220 | |
481 | 481 | GAB | 62 | GAB | 646 | 481 | 400 | GAB | 266 | 17 | Middle Africa | 2 | Africa | 1 | 481 | |
420 | 420 | GMB | 68 | GMB | 648 | 420 | 410 | GMB | 270 | 11 | Western Africa | 2 | Africa | 1 | 420 | |
372 | 372 | GEO | 65 | GEO | 915 | 372 | 415 | GEO | 268 | 145 | Western Asia | 142 | Asia | 9 | 372 | |
255 | 255 | DEU | 45 | DEU | 134 | 255 | 420 | DEU | 276 | 155 | Western Europe | 150 | Europe | 10 | 255 | |
452 | 452 | GHA | 66 | GHA | 652 | 452 | 440 | GHA | 288 | 11 | Western Africa | 2 | Africa | 1 | 452 | |
350 | 350 | GRC | 71 | GRC | 174 | 350 | 450 | GRC | 300 | 39 | Southern Europe | 150 | Europe | 10 | 350 | |
55 | 55 | GRD | 72 | GRD | 328 | 55 | 455 | GRD | 308 | 29 | Caribbean | 19 | Americas | 8 | 55 | |
90 | 90 | GTM | 73 | GTM | 258 | 90 | 460 | GTM | 320 | 13 | Central America | 19 | Americas | 7 | 90 | |
438 | 438 | GIN | 67 | GIN | 656 | 438 | 470 | GIN | 324 | 11 | Western Africa | 2 | Africa | 1 | 438 | |
404 | 404 | GNB | 69 | GNB | 654 | 404 | 475 | GNB | 624 | 11 | Western Africa | 2 | Africa | 1 | 404 | |
110 | 110 | GUY | 74 | GUY | 336 | 110 | 480 | GUY | 328 | 5 | South America | 19 | Americas | 8 | 110 | |
41 | 41 | HTI | 77 | HTI | 263 | 41 | 490 | HTI | 332 | 29 | Caribbean | 19 | Americas | 8 | 41 | |
91 | 91 | HND | 75 | HND | 268 | 91 | 500 | HND | 340 | 13 | Central America | 19 | Americas | 7 | 91 | |
310 | 310 | HUN | 78 | HUN | 944 | 310 | 62 | HUN | 348 | 151 | Eastern Europe | 150 | Europe | 9 | 310 | |
395 | 395 | ISL | 84 | ISL | 176 | 395 | 510 | ISL | 352 | 154 | Northern Europe | 150 | Europe | 10 | 395 | |
750 | 750 | IND | 80 | IND | 534 | 750 | 520 | IND | 356 | 34 | Southern Asia | 142 | Asia | 2 | 750 | |
850 | 850 | IDN | 79 | IDN | 536 | 850 | 530 | IDN | 360 | 35 | South-Eastern Asia | 142 | Asia | 4 | 850 | |
630 | 630 | IRN | 82 | IRN | 429 | 630 | 540 | IRN | 364 | 34 | Southern Asia | 142 | Asia | 6 | 630 | |
645 | 645 | IRQ | 83 | IRQ | 433 | 645 | 550 | IRQ | 368 | 145 | Western Asia | 142 | Asia | 6 | 645 | |
205 | 205 | IRL | 81 | IRL | 178 | 205 | 1212 | IRL | 372 | 154 | Northern Europe | 150 | Europe | 10 | 205 | |
666 | 666 | ISR | 85 | ISR | 436 | 666 | 560 | ISR | 376 | 145 | Western Asia | 142 | Asia | 6 | 666 | |
325 | 325 | ITA | 86 | ITA | 136 | 325 | 570 | ITA | 380 | 39 | Southern Europe | 150 | Europe | 10 | 325 | |
51 | 51 | JAM | 87 | JAM | 343 | 51 | 590 | JAM | 388 | 29 | Caribbean | 19 | Americas | 8 | 51 | |
740 | 740 | JPN | 89 | JPN | 158 | 740 | 600 | JPN | 392 | 30 | Eastern Asia | 142 | Asia | 10 | 740 | |
663 | 663 | JOR | 88 | JOR | 439 | 663 | 610 | JOR | 400 | 145 | Western Asia | 142 | Asia | 6 | 663 | |
705 | 705 | KAZ | 90 | KAZ | 916 | 705 | 615 | KAZ | 398 | 143 | Central Asia | 142 | Asia | 9 | 705 | |
501 | 501 | KEN | 91 | KEN | 664 | 501 | 620 | KEN | 404 | 14 | Eastern Africa | 2 | Africa | 1 | 501 | |
946 | 946 | KIR | 94 | KIR | 826 | 946 | 625 | KIR | 296 | 57 | Micronesia | 9 | Oceania | 5 | 946 | |
731 | 731 | PRK | 142 | PRK | NA | 731 | 631 | PRK | 408 | 30 | Eastern Asia | 142 | Asia | 3 | 731 | |
732 | 732 | KOR | 96 | KOR | 542 | 732 | 632 | KOR | 410 | 30 | Eastern Asia | 142 | Asia | 3 | 732 | |
690 | 690 | KWT | 97 | KWT | 443 | 690 | 640 | KWT | 414 | 145 | Western Asia | 142 | Asia | 11 | 690 | |
703 | 703 | KGZ | 92 | KGZ | 917 | 703 | 645 | KGZ | 417 | 143 | Central Asia | 142 | Asia | 9 | 703 | |
812 | 812 | LAO | 98 | LAO | 544 | 812 | 650 | LAO | 418 | 35 | South-Eastern Asia | 142 | Asia | 4 | 812 | |
367 | 367 | LVA | 108 | LVA | 941 | 367 | 660 | LVA | 428 | 154 | Northern Europe | 150 | Europe | 9 | 367 | |
660 | 660 | LBN | 99 | LBN | 446 | 660 | 670 | LBN | 422 | 145 | Western Asia | 142 | Asia | 6 | 660 | |
570 | 570 | LSO | 105 | LSO | 666 | 570 | 680 | LSO | 426 | 18 | Southern Africa | 2 | Africa | 1 | 570 | |
450 | 450 | LBR | 100 | LBR | 668 | 450 | 690 | LBR | 430 | 11 | Western Africa | 2 | Africa | 1 | 450 | |
620 | 620 | LBY | 101 | LBY | 672 | 620 | 700 | LBY | 434 | 15 | Northern Africa | 2 | Africa | 11 | 620 | |
368 | 368 | LTU | 106 | LTU | 946 | 368 | 710 | LTU | 440 | 154 | Northern Europe | 150 | Europe | 9 | 368 | |
212 | 212 | LUX | 107 | LUX | 137 | 212 | 720 | LUX | 442 | 155 | Western Europe | 150 | Europe | 10 | 212 | |
343 | 343 | MKD | 115 | MKD | 962 | 343 | 725 | MKD | 807 | 39 | Southern Europe | 150 | Europe | 9 | 343 | |
580 | 580 | MDG | 111 | MDG | 674 | 580 | 730 | MDG | 450 | 14 | Eastern Africa | 2 | Africa | 1 | 580 | |
553 | 553 | MWI | 123 | MWI | 676 | 553 | 740 | MWI | 454 | 14 | Eastern Africa | 2 | Africa | 1 | 553 | |
820 | 820 | MYS | 124 | MYS | 548 | 820 | 750 | MYS | 458 | 35 | South-Eastern Asia | 142 | Asia | 4 | 820 | |
781 | 781 | MDV | 112 | MDV | 556 | 781 | 760 | MDV | 462 | 34 | Southern Asia | 142 | Asia | 2 | 781 | |
432 | 432 | MLI | 116 | MLI | 678 | 432 | 770 | MLI | 466 | 11 | Western Africa | 2 | Africa | 1 | 432 | |
338 | 338 | MLT | 117 | MLT | 181 | 338 | 780 | MLT | 470 | 39 | Southern Europe | 150 | Europe | 10 | 338 | |
983 | 983 | MHL | 114 | MHL | 867 | 983 | 785 | MHL | 584 | 57 | Micronesia | 9 | Oceania | 5 | 983 | |
435 | 435 | MRT | 121 | MRT | 682 | 435 | 790 | MRT | 478 | 11 | Western Africa | 2 | Africa | 1 | 435 | |
590 | 590 | MUS | 122 | MUS | 684 | 590 | 800 | MUS | 480 | 14 | Eastern Africa | 2 | Africa | 1 | 590 | |
70 | 70 | MEX | 113 | MEX | 273 | 70 | 810 | MEX | 484 | 13 | Central America | 19 | Americas | 7 | 70 | |
987 | 987 | FSN | 61 | FSM | 868 | 987 | 812 | FSM | 583 | 57 | Micronesia | 9 | Oceania | 5 | 987 | |
359 | 359 | MDA | 110 | MDA | 921 | 359 | 813 | MDA | 498 | 151 | Eastern Europe | 150 | Europe | 9 | 359 | |
712 | 712 | MNG | 119 | MNG | 948 | 712 | 820 | MNG | 496 | 30 | Eastern Asia | 142 | Asia | 3 | 712 | |
600 | 600 | MAR | 109 | MAR | 686 | 600 | 830 | MAR | 504 | 15 | Northern Africa | 2 | Africa | 6 | 600 | |
541 | 541 | MOZ | 120 | MOZ | 688 | 541 | 835 | MOZ | 508 | 14 | Eastern Africa | 2 | Africa | 1 | 541 | |
775 | 775 | MMR | 118 | MMR | 518 | 775 | 140 | MMR | 104 | 35 | South-Eastern Asia | 142 | Asia | 4 | 775 | |
565 | 565 | NAM | 125 | NAM | 728 | 565 | 837 | NAM | 516 | 18 | Southern Africa | 2 | Africa | 1 | 565 | |
970 | 970 | NUR | 132 | 836 | 970 | NA | 520 | 57 | Micronesia | 9 | Oceania | 5 | 970 | |||
790 | 790 | NPL | 131 | NPL | 558 | 790 | 840 | NPL | 524 | 34 | Southern Asia | 142 | Asia | 2 | 790 | |
210 | 210 | NLD | 129 | NLD | 138 | 210 | 850 | NLD | 528 | 155 | Western Europe | 150 | Europe | 10 | 210 | |
920 | 920 | NZL | 133 | NZL | 196 | 920 | 860 | NZL | 554 | 53 | Australia and New Zealand | 9 | Oceania | 10 | 920 | |
93 | 93 | NIC | 128 | NIC | 278 | 93 | 870 | NIC | 558 | 13 | Central America | 19 | Americas | 7 | 93 | |
436 | 436 | NER | 126 | NER | 692 | 436 | 880 | NER | 562 | 11 | Western Africa | 2 | Africa | 1 | 436 | |
475 | 475 | NGA | 127 | NGA | 694 | 475 | 890 | NGA | 566 | 11 | Western Africa | 2 | Africa | 1 | 475 | |
385 | 385 | NOR | 130 | NOR | 142 | 385 | 1091 | NOR | 578 | 154 | Northern Europe | 150 | Europe | 10 | 385 | |
698 | 698 | OMN | 134 | OMN | 449 | 698 | 895 | OMN | 512 | 145 | Western Asia | 142 | Asia | 11 | 698 | |
770 | 770 | PAK | 135 | PAK | 564 | 769 | 900 | PAK | 586 | 34 | Southern Asia | 142 | Asia | 2 | 770 | |
770 | 770 | PAK | 135 | PAK | 564 | 770 | 900 | PAK | 586 | 34 | Southern Asia | 142 | Asia | 2 | 770 | |
986 | 986 | PLU | 139 | PLW | 565 | 986 | 905 | PLW | 585 | 57 | Micronesia | 9 | Oceania | 5 | 986 | |
95 | 95 | PAN | 136 | PAN | 283 | 95 | 910 | PAN | 591 | 13 | Central America | 19 | Americas | 7 | 95 | |
910 | 910 | PNG | 140 | PNG | 853 | 910 | 915 | PNG | 598 | 54 | Melanesia | 9 | Oceania | 5 | 910 | |
150 | 150 | PRY | 144 | PRY | 288 | 150 | 920 | PRY | 600 | 5 | South America | 19 | Americas | 7 | 150 | |
135 | 135 | PER | 137 | PER | 293 | 135 | 930 | PER | 604 | 5 | South America | 19 | Americas | 7 | 135 | |
840 | 840 | PHL | 138 | PHL | 566 | 840 | 940 | PHL | 608 | 35 | South-Eastern Asia | 142 | Asia | 4 | 840 | |
290 | 290 | POL | 141 | POL | 964 | 290 | 950 | POL | 616 | 151 | Eastern Europe | 150 | Europe | 9 | 290 | |
235 | 235 | PRT | 143 | PRT | 182 | 235 | 960 | PRT | 620 | 39 | Southern Europe | 150 | Europe | 10 | 235 | |
694 | 694 | QAT | 145 | QAT | 453 | 694 | 965 | QAT | 634 | 145 | Western Asia | 142 | Asia | 11 | 694 | |
360 | 360 | ROM | 146 | ROM | 968 | 360 | 970 | ROM | 642 | 151 | Eastern Europe | 150 | Europe | 9 | 360 | |
365 | 374 | RUS | 147 | RUS | 922 | 365 | 1190 | RUS | 643 | 151 | Eastern Europe | 150 | Europe | 9 | 365 | |
517 | 517 | RWA | 148 | RWA | 714 | 517 | 980 | RWA | 646 | 14 | Eastern Africa | 2 | Africa | 1 | 517 | |
990 | 990 | WSM | 190 | WSM | 862 | 990 | 1270 | WSM | 882 | 61 | Polynesia | 9 | Oceania | 5 | 990 | |
403 | 403 | STP | 158 | STP | 716 | 403 | 985 | STP | 678 | 17 | Middle Africa | 2 | Africa | 1 | 403 | |
670 | 670 | SAU | 149 | SAU | 456 | 670 | 990 | SAU | 682 | 145 | Western Asia | 142 | Asia | 11 | 670 | |
433 | 433 | SEN | 151 | SEN | 722 | 433 | 1000 | SEN | 686 | 11 | Western Africa | 2 | Africa | 1 | 433 | |
345 | 347 | SEN | 202 | YUG | 965 | 347 | 1290 | YUG | NA | 39 | Southern Europe | 150 | Europe | 9 | 345 | |
591 | 591 | SYC | 165 | SYC | 718 | 591 | 1005 | SYC | 690 | 14 | Eastern Africa | 2 | Africa | 1 | 591 | |
451 | 451 | SLE | 154 | SLE | 724 | 451 | 1010 | SLE | 694 | 11 | Western Africa | 2 | Africa | 1 | 451 | |
830 | 830 | SGP | 152 | SGP | 576 | 830 | 1020 | SGP | 702 | 35 | South-Eastern Asia | 142 | Asia | 4 | 830 | |
317 | 317 | SVK | 160 | SVK | 936 | 317 | 302 | SVK | 703 | 151 | Eastern Europe | 150 | Europe | 9 | 317 | |
349 | 349 | SVN | 161 | SVN | 961 | 349 | 1023 | SVN | 705 | 39 | Southern Europe | 150 | Europe | 9 | 349 | |
940 | 940 | SLB | 153 | SLB | 813 | 940 | 1025 | SLB | 90 | 54 | Melanesia | 9 | Oceania | 5 | 940 | |
520 | 520 | SOM | 157 | SOM | 726 | 520 | 1030 | SOM | 706 | 14 | Eastern Africa | 2 | Africa | 1 | 520 | |
560 | 560 | ZAF | 195 | ZAF | 199 | 560 | 1040 | ZAF | 710 | 18 | Southern Africa | 2 | Africa | 1 | 560 | |
230 | 230 | ESP | 54 | ESP | 184 | 230 | 1060 | ESP | 724 | 39 | Southern Europe | 150 | Europe | 10 | 230 | |
780 | 780 | LKA | 104 | LKA | 524 | 780 | 200 | LKA | 144 | 34 | Southern Asia | 142 | Asia | 2 | 780 | |
60 | 60 | KNA | 95 | KNA | 361 | 60 | 1063 | KNA | 659 | 29 | Caribbean | 19 | Americas | 8 | 60 | |
56 | 56 | LCA | 102 | LCA | 362 | 56 | NA | LCA | 662 | 29 | Caribbean | 19 | Americas | 8 | 56 | |
57 | 57 | VCT | 184 | VCT | 364 | 57 | 1065 | VCT | 670 | 29 | Caribbean | 19 | Americas | 8 | 57 | |
625 | 625 | SDN | 150 | SDN | 732 | 625 | 1070 | SDN | 736 | 15 | Northern Africa | 2 | Africa | 1 | 625 | |
115 | 115 | SUR | 159 | SUR | 366 | 115 | 1075 | SUR | 740 | 5 | South America | 19 | Americas | 8 | 115 | |
572 | 572 | SWZ | 164 | SWZ | 734 | 572 | 1080 | SWZ | 748 | 18 | Southern Africa | 2 | Africa | 1 | 572 | |
380 | 380 | SWE | 163 | SWE | 144 | 380 | 1092 | SWE | 752 | 154 | Northern Europe | 150 | Europe | 10 | 380 | |
225 | 225 | CHE | 31 | CHE | 146 | 225 | 1100 | CHE | 756 | 155 | Western Europe | 150 | Europe | 10 | 225 | |
652 | 652 | SYR | 166 | SYR | 463 | 652 | 1110 | SYR | 760 | 145 | Western Asia | 142 | Asia | 6 | 652 | |
713 | 713 | TAW | 167 | 528 | 713 | 231 | TWN | NA | NA | Eastern Asia | 142 | Asia | 3 | 713 | ||
702 | 702 | TJK | 171 | TJK | 923 | 702 | 1115 | TJK | 762 | 143 | Central Asia | 142 | Asia | 9 | 702 | |
510 | 510 | TZA | 178 | TZA | 738 | 510 | 1120 | TZA | 834 | 14 | Eastern Africa | 2 | Africa | 1 | 510 | |
800 | 800 | THA | 170 | THA | 578 | 800 | 1130 | THA | 764 | 35 | South-Eastern Asia | 142 | Asia | 4 | 800 | |
461 | 461 | TGO | 169 | TGO | 742 | 461 | 1140 | TGO | 768 | 11 | Western Africa | 2 | Africa | 1 | 461 | |
955 | 955 | TON | 173 | TON | 866 | 955 | 1215 | TON | 776 | 61 | Polynesia | 9 | Oceania | 5 | 955 | |
52 | 52 | TTO | 174 | TTO | 369 | 52 | 1150 | TTO | 780 | 29 | Caribbean | 19 | Americas | 8 | 52 | |
616 | 616 | TUN | 175 | TUN | 744 | 616 | 1160 | TUN | 788 | 15 | Northern Africa | 2 | Africa | 6 | 616 | |
640 | 640 | TUR | 176 | TUR | 186 | 640 | 1170 | TUR | 792 | 145 | Western Asia | 142 | Asia | 6 | 640 | |
701 | 701 | TKM | 172 | TKM | 925 | 701 | 1172 | TKM | 795 | 143 | Central Asia | 142 | Asia | 9 | 701 | |
947 | 947 | SMA | 156 | TUV | 135 | 947 | 982 | TUV | 798 | 61 | Polynesia | 9 | Oceania | 5 | 947 | |
500 | 500 | UGA | 179 | UGA | 746 | 500 | 1180 | UGA | 800 | 14 | Eastern Africa | 2 | Africa | 1 | 500 | |
369 | 369 | UKR | 180 | UKR | 926 | 369 | 1183 | UKR | 804 | 151 | Eastern Europe | 150 | Europe | 9 | 369 | |
696 | 696 | ARE | 4 | ARE | 466 | 696 | NA | ARE | 784 | 145 | Western Asia | 142 | Asia | 11 | 696 | |
200 | 200 | GBR | 63 | GBR | 112 | 200 | 1210 | GBR | 826 | 154 | Northern Europe | 150 | Europe | 10 | 200 | |
2 | 2 | USA | 182 | USA | 111 | 2 | 1220 | USA | 840 | 21 | Northern America | 19 | Americas | 10 | 2 | |
165 | 165 | URY | 181 | URY | 298 | 165 | 1240 | URY | 858 | 5 | South America | 19 | Americas | 7 | 165 | |
704 | 704 | UZB | 183 | UZB | 927 | 704 | 1241 | UZB | 860 | 143 | Central Asia | 142 | Asia | 9 | 704 | |
935 | 935 | VUT | 189 | VUT | 846 | 935 | 1243 | VUT | 548 | 54 | Melanesia | 9 | Oceania | 5 | 935 | |
101 | 101 | VEN | 185 | VEN | 299 | 101 | 1250 | VEN | 862 | 5 | South America | 19 | Americas | 7 | 101 | |
816 | 818 | VNM | 186 | VNM | 582 | 818 | 1262 | VNM | 704 | 35 | South-Eastern Asia | 142 | Asia | 4 | 816 | |
679 | 679 | YEM | 191 | YEM | 474 | 679 | 1280 | YEM | 887 | 145 | Western Asia | 142 | Asia | 6 | 679 | |
490 | 490 | ZAR | 196 | ZAR | 636 | 490 | 260 | ZAR | 180 | 17 | Middle Africa | 2 | Africa | 1 | 490 | |
551 | 551 | ZMB | 197 | ZMB | 754 | 551 | 1300 | ZMB | 894 | 14 | Eastern Africa | 2 | Africa | 1 | 551 | |
552 | 552 | ZWE | 198 | ZWE | 698 | 552 | 1214 | ZWE | 716 | 14 | Eastern Africa | 2 | Africa | 1 | 552 |
country | cowcode | lon | lat | lonmin | lonmax | latmin | latmax | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
United States Of America | 2 | -95.712891 | 37.09024 | -124.39 | -66.94 | 18.9110642 | 71.389888 | |
Canada | 20 | -106.346771 | 56.130366 | -142 | -50 | 41.6765559 | 83.115061 | |
Bahamas | 31 | -77.39628 | 25.03428 | -79.5377959 | -72.7120686 | 20.9121311 | 27.263362 | |
Cuba | 40 | -77.781167 | 21.521757 | -85.071256 | -74.1322231 | 19.8258994 | 23.2767521 | |
Haiti | 41 | -72.285215 | 18.971187 | -74.4809103 | -71.621754 | 18.0220783 | 20.0896142 | |
Dominican Republic | 42 | -70.162651 | 18.735693 | -72.0075099 | -68.3234068 | 17.4700909 | 19.9317185 | |
Jamaica | 51 | -77.297508 | 18.109581 | -78.3688461 | -76.183159 | 17.7057243 | 18.5253104 | |
Trinidad And Tobago | 52 | -61.222503 | 10.691803 | -61.9310689 | -60.4924177 | 10.0431694 | 11.3625357 | |
Barbados | 53 | -59.543198 | 13.193887 | -59.6510303 | -59.4200975 | 13.0449995 | 13.335126 | |
Dominica | 54 | -61.370976 | 15.414999 | -61.4798301 | -61.2403035 | 15.207682 | 15.6400639 | |
Grenada | 55 | -61.679 | 12.1165 | -61.8027279 | -61.3779974 | 11.9848728 | 12.5301829 | |
St. Lucia | 56 | -60.983333 | 14.016667 | NA | NA | NA | NA | |
St. Vincent And The Grenadines | 57 | -61.196251 | 13.2533835 | -61.4610171 | -61.1134244 | 12.5326587 | 13.3842132 | |
Antigua And Barbuda | 58 | -61.796428 | 17.060816 | -62.347657 | -61.6574192 | 16.9325319 | 17.729564 | |
St. Kitts And Nevis | 60 | -62.782998 | 17.357822 | -62.8646171 | -62.5396943 | 17.094157 | 17.4182012 | |
Mexico | 70 | -102.552784 | 23.634501 | -118.364313 | -86.7105711 | 14.534548 | 32.7187631 | |
Belize | 80 | -88.49765 | 17.189877 | -89.2275879 | -87.4537253 | 15.8856189 | 18.4959419 | |
United Provinces Of Central America | 89 | -90.230759 | 15.783471 | NA | NA | NA | NA | |
Guatemala | 90 | -90.230759 | 15.783471 | -92.2318359 | -88.2256154 | 13.7400214 | 17.8157114 | |
Honduras | 91 | -86.241905 | 15.199999 | -89.355148 | -83.1360769 | 12.9842246 | 17.4171037 | |
El Salvador | 92 | -88.89653 | 13.794185 | -90.1268106 | -87.6837516 | 13.1554312 | 14.4505567 | |
Nicaragua | 93 | -85.207229 | 12.865416 | -87.6910686 | -82.5920716 | 10.7080549 | 15.0302755 | |
Costa Rica | 94 | -83.753428 | 9.748917 | -87.0945131 | -82.5526571 | 5.4991534 | 11.2196808 | |
Panama | 95 | -80.782127 | 8.537981 | -83.0522411 | -77.158488 | 7.2035564 | 9.647779 | |
Great Colombia | 99 | -74.297333 | 4.570868 | NA | NA | NA | NA | |
Colombia | 100 | -74.297333 | 4.570868 | -81.7359299 | -66.851923 | -4.22711 | 13.3973501 | |
Venezuela | 101 | -66.58973 | 6.42375 | -73.3515581 | -59.805666 | 0.6475291 | 12.2019032 | |
Guyana | 110 | -58.93018 | 4.860416 | -61.414905 | -56.49112 | 1.164724 | 8.5482551 | |
Surinam | 115 | -56.027783 | 3.919305 | -58.0705059 | -53.9510244 | 1.837306 | 6.0092832 | |
Ecuador | 130 | -78.183406 | -1.831239 | -92.0107728 | -75.188794 | -5.0143511 | 1.6647727 | |
Peru | 135 | -75.015152 | -9.189967 | -81.3285041 | -68.652329 | -18.3515803 | -0.038777 | |
Brazil | 140 | -51.92528 | -14.235004 | -73.982817 | -34.7929077 | -33.7517528 | 5.2716019 | |
Bolivia | 145 | -63.588653 | -16.290154 | -69.64499 | -57.453803 | -22.8980899 | -9.669323 | |
Paraguay | 150 | -58.443832 | -23.442503 | -62.6380511 | -54.258562 | -27.5883343 | -19.2877065 | |
Chile | 155 | -71.542969 | -35.675147 | -109.454801 | -66.4182016 | -55.9797808 | -17.4983293 | |
Argentina | 160 | -63.616672 | -38.416097 | -73.5603601 | -53.637481 | -55.0577146 | -21.7808136 | |
Uruguay | 165 | -55.765835 | -32.522779 | -58.43915 | -53.0779286 | -34.9733882 | -30.0852149 | |
Ireland | 205 | -8.24389 | 53.41291 | -10.66958 | -5.9947001 | 51.4219377 | 55.3885 | |
Netherlands | 210 | 5.291266 | 52.132633 | 3.3316 | 7.2275102 | 50.7503837 | 53.6756 | |
Belgium | 211 | 4.469936 | 50.503887 | 2.5449406 | 6.4081241 | 49.497013 | 51.5051449 | |
Luxembourg | 212 | 6.129583 | 49.815273 | 5.7356699 | 6.5309701 | 49.447779 | 50.18282 | |
France | 220 | 2.213749 | 46.227638 | -5.1412279 | 9.5600678 | 41.3423276 | 51.0889618 | |
Monaco | 221 | 7.4246158 | 43.7384176 | 7.4091049 | 7.4397977 | 43.7247428 | 43.7519029 | |
Liechtenstein | 223 | 9.555373 | 47.166 | 9.47162 | 9.6356501 | 47.04829 | 47.2705467 | |
Switzerland | 225 | 8.227512 | 46.818188 | 5.95608 | 10.4923401 | 45.81792 | 47.8084546 | |
Spain | 230 | -3.74922 | 40.463667 | -18.1696379 | 5.098 | 27.6377894 | 45.244 | |
Andorra | 232 | 1.601554 | 42.546245 | 1.4087052 | 1.786639 | 42.4287488 | 42.655791 | |
Portugal | 235 | -8.224454 | 39.399872 | -31.275158 | -6.1902091 | 32.40374 | 42.1542048 | |
Hanover | 240 | 9.716667 | 52.366667 | NA | NA | NA | NA | |
Bavaria | 245 | 11.566667 | 48.133333 | NA | NA | NA | NA | |
Germany (Prussia) | 255 | 13.398889 | 52.500556 | NA | NA | NA | NA | |
German Federal Republic | 260 | 7.099722 | 50.733889 | NA | NA | NA | NA | |
German Democratic Republic | 265 | 13.398889 | 52.500556 | NA | NA | NA | NA | |
Baden | 267 | 8.4 | 49.016667 | NA | NA | NA | NA | |
Saxony | 269 | 13.733333 | 51.033333 | NA | NA | NA | NA | |
Wurttemberg | 271 | 9.179444 | 48.778611 | NA | NA | NA | NA | |
Hesse-Kassel (Electoral) | 273 | 9.5 | 51.316667 | NA | NA | NA | NA | |
Hesse-Darmstadt (Ducal) | 275 | 8.65 | 49.866667 | NA | NA | NA | NA | |
Mecklenburg-Schwerin | 280 | 11.416667 | 53.633333 | NA | NA | NA | NA | |
Poland | 290 | 19.145136 | 51.919438 | 14.1228641 | 24.1458931 | 49.0020252 | 54.8358123 | |
Austria-Hungary | 300 | 16.35 | 48.2 | NA | NA | NA | NA | |
Austria | 305 | 14.550072 | 47.516231 | 9.5307834 | 17.1606862 | 46.3723358 | 49.0206081 | |
Hungary | 310 | 19.503304 | 47.162494 | 16.1133863 | 22.897379 | 45.7370889 | 48.585234 | |
Czechoslovakia | 315 | 14.416667 | 50.083333 | NA | NA | NA | NA | |
Czech Republic | 316 | 15.472962 | 49.817492 | 12.090589 | 18.8592361 | 48.5518081 | 51.0557185 | |
Slovakia | 317 | 19.699024 | 48.669026 | 16.8331821 | 22.5592818 | 47.731159 | 49.6138051 | |
Italy/Sardinia | 325 | 8.9800261 | 40.0861417 | 8.1310155 | 9.8290368 | 38.8590772 | 41.3132062 | |
Papal States | 327 | 12.602778 | 42.821111 | NA | NA | NA | NA | |
Two Sicilies | 329 | 14.258333 | 40.845 | NA | NA | NA | NA | |
San Marino | 331 | 12.466667 | 43.933333 | NA | NA | NA | NA | |
Modena | 332 | 10.933333 | 44.65 | NA | NA | NA | NA | |
Parma | 335 | 10.333333 | 44.8 | NA | NA | NA | NA | |
Tuscany | 337 | 11.25 | 43.783333 | NA | NA | NA | NA | |
Malta | 338 | 14.375416 | 35.937496 | 14.1835259 | 14.5755001 | 35.805811 | 36.0821467 | |
Albania | 339 | 20.168331 | 41.153332 | 19.2639041 | 21.0572394 | 39.6447296 | 42.6610819 | |
Serbia | 340 | 20.466667 | 44.8 | NA | NA | NA | NA | |
Montenegro | 341 | 19.37439 | 42.708678 | 18.4337921 | 20.3577649 | 41.8497308 | 43.558743 | |
Macedonia (Former Yugoslav Republic Of) | 343 | 21.7 | 41.6 | NA | NA | NA | NA | |
Croatia | 344 | 15.2 | 45.1 | 13.4896912 | 19.4480523 | 42.3922652 | 46.5552234 | |
Yugoslavia (Serbia) | 345 | 20 | 44 | NA | NA | NA | NA | |
Bosnia-Herzegovina | 346 | 17.679076 | 43.915886 | 15.7223665 | 19.621935 | 42.5564068 | 45.2766262 | |
Slovenia | 349 | 14.995463 | 46.151241 | 13.3753355 | 16.5966857 | 45.4216739 | 46.876659 | |
Greece | 350 | 21.824312 | 39.074208 | 19.3724227 | 29.6451476 | 34.8010211 | 41.7490577 | |
Cyprus | 352 | 33.429859 | 35.126413 | 32.2687076 | 34.6045 | 34.632303 | 35.7071999 | |
Bulgaria | 355 | 25.48583 | 42.733883 | 22.3573446 | 28.6092632 | 41.2354469 | 44.2151244 | |
Moldova | 359 | 28.369885 | 47.411631 | 26.6168559 | 30.162538 | 45.466904 | 48.491944 | |
Romania | 360 | 24.96676 | 45.943161 | 20.2617593 | 29.7571015 | 43.6186193 | 48.265274 | |
Russia (Soviet Union) | 365 | 51.3635194 | 51.2206431 | 51.347512 | 51.3795268 | 51.2136541 | 51.2276311 | |
Estonia | 366 | 25.013607 | 58.595272 | 21.7723826 | 28.2089248 | 57.509316 | 59.7003026 | |
Latvia | 367 | 24.603189 | 56.879635 | 20.9623429 | 28.2414029 | 55.6747769 | 58.0855688 | |
Lithuania | 368 | 23.881275 | 55.169438 | 20.9494105 | 26.8355913 | 53.8968787 | 56.4503209 | |
Ukraine | 369 | 31.16558 | 48.379433 | 22.1371589 | 40.2285809 | 44.386463 | 52.379581 | |
Belarus (Byelorussia) | 370 | 27.953389 | 53.709807 | 23.1783377 | 32.7768202 | 51.262011 | 56.1718719 | |
Armenia | 371 | 45.038189 | 40.069099 | 43.4472118 | 46.634222 | 38.840244 | 41.300993 | |
Georgia | 372 | 43.356892 | 42.315407 | 40.0066113 | 46.736119 | 41.054942 | 43.586627 | |
Azerbaijan | 373 | 47.576927 | 40.143105 | 44.7646831 | 50.3680657 | 38.3919901 | 41.9123402 | |
Finland | 375 | 25.748151 | 61.92411 | 20.5474108 | 31.5870999 | 59.7025822 | 70.0922932 | |
Sweden | 380 | 18.643501 | 60.128161 | 10.9631866 | 24.1665923 | 55.3367024 | 69.0600236 | |
Norway | 385 | 8.468946 | 60.472024 | 4.5000962 | 31.1682684 | 57.959599 | 71.1854762 | |
Denmark | 390 | 9.501785 | 56.26392 | 8.0725589 | 15.1972813 | 54.5591211 | 57.7518131 | |
Iceland | 395 | -19.020835 | 64.963051 | -24.5465239 | -13.4958153 | 63.2961021 | 66.5663183 | |
Cape Verde | 402 | -23.6050817 | 15.1217288 | -25.3609944 | -22.6577782 | 14.8023513 | 17.2052865 | |
Sao Tome And Principe | 403 | 6.613081 | 0.18636 | 6.4604759 | 7.4630641 | -0.0140044 | 1.7017723 | |
Guinea-Bissau | 404 | -15.180413 | 11.803749 | -16.7117356 | -13.6275045 | 10.8599702 | 12.6847224 | |
Equatorial Guinea | 411 | 10.267895 | 1.650801 | 5.602367 | 11.3333 | -1.4599463 | 3.8142257 | |
Gambia | 420 | -15.310139 | 13.443182 | -16.8136312 | -13.7986107 | 13.0651826 | 13.8263891 | |
Mali | 432 | -3.996166 | 17.570692 | -12.2388849 | 4.2666666 | 10.147811 | 25.0000585 | |
Senegal | 433 | -14.452362 | 14.497401 | -17.5298482 | -11.348607 | 12.3072891 | 16.6930544 | |
Benin | 434 | 2.315834 | 9.30769 | 0.7766672 | 3.8433429 | 6.2356319 | 12.4086111 | |
Mauritania | 435 | -10.940835 | 21.00789 | -17.0701337 | -4.8333343 | 14.721273 | 27.2944447 | |
Niger | 436 | 8.081666 | 17.607789 | 0.1666672 | 15.9990339 | 11.693756 | 23.5000002 | |
Cote D'Ivoire | 437 | -5.54708 | 7.539989 | -8.6020589 | -2.493031 | 4.3510071 | 10.7400151 | |
Guinea | 438 | -9.696645 | 9.945587 | -15.0782061 | -7.637853 | 7.1909091 | 12.6746168 | |
Burkina Faso (Upper Volta) | 439 | -1 | 12 | NA | NA | NA | NA | |
Liberia | 450 | -9.429499 | 6.428055 | -11.4742481 | -7.3692549 | 4.3154139 | 8.551986 | |
Sierra Leone | 451 | -11.779889 | 8.460555 | -13.3020067 | -10.271651 | 6.8990253 | 9.9999724 | |
Ghana | 452 | -1.023194 | 7.946527 | -3.260786 | 1.1993625 | 4.7388737 | 11.1666675 | |
Togo | 461 | 0.824782 | 8.619543 | -0.1440418 | 1.8090501 | 6.1123578 | 11.1394957 | |
Cameroon | 471 | 12.354722 | 7.369722 | 8.4947635 | 16.1944079 | 1.6558999 | 13.0833991 | |
Nigeria | 475 | 8.675277 | 9.081999 | 2.676932 | 14.6779814 | 4.2698571 | 13.8856449 | |
Gabon | 481 | 11.609444 | -0.803689 | 8.6990528 | 14.5205562 | -3.9583722 | 2.3181094 | |
Central African Republic | 482 | 20.939444 | 6.611111 | 14.4150981 | 27.4583051 | 2.2208575 | 11.0179569 | |
Chad | 483 | 18.732207 | 15.454166 | 13.4699999 | 24.0000011 | 7.442975 | 23.449235 | |
Congo | 484 | 15.827659 | -0.228021 | 11.1495478 | 18.6436111 | -5.0289487 | 3.707791 | |
Congo, Democratic Republic Of (Zaire) | 490 | 15.3716684 | -4.3103947 | 14.4087785 | 15.5018469 | -4.9250684 | -4.2678038 | |
Uganda | 500 | 32.290275 | 1.373333 | 29.5734335 | 35.0330493 | -1.4815419 | 4.2230008 | |
Kenya | 501 | 37.906193 | -0.023559 | 33.9098212 | 41.9068317 | -4.6796816 | 5.0334209 | |
Tanzania/Tanganyika | 510 | 29.6962677 | -6.5456701 | 29.0584946 | 31.2024592 | -8.8108635 | -3.3466477 | |
Zanzibar | 511 | 39.316667 | -6.133333 | NA | NA | NA | NA | |
Burundi | 516 | 29.918886 | -3.373056 | 29.000993 | 30.8501728 | -4.4692284 | -2.309987 | |
Rwanda | 517 | 29.873888 | -1.940278 | 28.8617547 | 30.8994008 | -2.8398397 | -1.0475717 | |
Somalia | 520 | 46.199616 | 5.152149 | 40.994373 | 51.4130288 | -1.6620412 | 11.9886144 | |
Djibouti | 522 | 42.590275 | 11.825138 | 41.7597221 | 43.4169731 | 10.9319442 | 12.7133956 | |
Ethiopia | 530 | 40.489673 | 9.145 | 32.997734 | 47.9999999 | 3.4041356 | 14.8942145 | |
Eritrea | 531 | 39.782334 | 15.179384 | 36.4333479 | 43.1429772 | 12.354723 | 18.0212099 | |
Angola | 540 | 17.873887 | -11.202692 | 11.669562 | 24.0844443 | -18.039104 | -4.3879444 | |
Mozambique | 541 | 35.529562 | -18.665695 | 30.2155496 | 40.8391213 | -26.8681086 | -10.471202 | |
Zambia | 551 | 27.849332 | -13.133897 | 21.9963877 | 33.7022218 | -18.077418 | -8.2032836 | |
Zimbabwe (Rhodesia) | 552 | 29.154857 | -19.015438 | 25.237368 | 33.0682357 | -22.4245232 | -15.609319 | |
Malawi | 553 | 34.301525 | -13.254308 | 32.6788891 | 35.9241664 | -17.1352784 | -9.3671539 | |
South Africa | 560 | 22.937506 | -30.559482 | 16.4608321 | 32.8909911 | -34.8329773 | -22.1253868 | |
Transvaal | 563 | 28.233333 | -25.716667 | NA | NA | NA | NA | |
Orange Free State | 564 | 26.216667 | -29.1 | NA | NA | NA | NA | |
Namibia | 565 | 18.49041 | -22.95764 | 11.7242468 | 25.2617519 | -28.9706387 | -16.9634854 | |
Lesotho | 570 | 28.233608 | -29.609988 | 27.011231 | 29.4557087 | -30.6755788 | -28.5708011 | |
Botswana | 571 | 24.684866 | -22.328474 | 19.998905 | 29.3753036 | -26.9075451 | -17.778137 | |
Swaziland | 572 | 31.465866 | -26.522503 | 30.7910943 | 32.1348445 | -27.3173633 | -25.7185194 | |
Madagascar (Malagasy) | 580 | 46.735881 | -19.0432942 | 46.734532 | 46.73723 | -19.0446432 | -19.0419452 | |
Comoros | 581 | 43.266667 | -11.683333 | NA | NA | NA | NA | |
Mauritius | 590 | 57.552152 | -20.348404 | 55.7666 | 63.5035945 | -21.637 | -10.3192548 | |
Seychelles | 591 | 55.491977 | -4.679574 | 46.1977848 | 56.294294 | -10.2270331 | -4.2097858 | |
Morocco | 600 | -7.09262 | 31.791702 | -13.1728913 | -0.9969757 | 27.6666665 | 35.9225072 | |
Algeria | 615 | 1.659626 | 28.033886 | -8.6666671 | 11.9999997 | 18.968147 | 37.089829 | |
Tunisia | 616 | 9.537499 | 33.886917 | 7.5223135 | 11.5992174 | 30.2280336 | 37.347132 | |
Libya | 620 | 17.228331 | 26.3351 | 9.3914664 | 25.146954 | 19.5004298 | 33.1667871 | |
Sudan | 625 | 30.217636 | 12.862807 | 21.814939 | 38.5842192 | 9.3472209 | 22.2249184 | |
Iran (Persia) | 630 | 53.688046 | 32.427908 | 44.0318907 | 63.3333366 | 25.0594286 | 39.7816755 | |
Turkey/Ottoman Empire | 640 | 28 | 41 | NA | NA | NA | NA | |
Iraq | 645 | 43.679291 | 33.223191 | 38.7936029 | 48.5759163 | 29.0612079 | 37.380932 | |
Egypt | 651 | 30.802498 | 26.820553 | 24.6967748 | 36.8945446 | 21.9999999 | 31.671535 | |
Syria | 652 | 38.996815 | 34.802075 | 35.7165956 | 42.376309 | 32.311136 | 37.320569 | |
Lebanon | 660 | 35.862285 | 33.854721 | 35.1037781 | 36.62372 | 33.0550256 | 34.69209 | |
Jordan | 663 | 36.238414 | 30.585164 | 34.9583368 | 39.301154 | 29.1850361 | 33.3746878 | |
Israel | 666 | 35 | 31 | NA | NA | NA | NA | |
Saudi Arabia | 670 | 45.079162 | 23.885942 | 34.5489979 | 55.6666999 | 16.379528 | 32.154284 | |
Yemen (Arab Republic Of Yemen) | 678 | 44.0838889 | 15.1527778 | 44.0678815 | 44.0998963 | 15.1420075 | 15.1635476 | |
Yemen, People'S Republic Of | 680 | 45.033333 | 12.8 | NA | NA | NA | NA | |
Kuwait | 690 | 47.966667 | 29.366667 | NA | NA | NA | NA | |
Bahrain | 692 | 50.5577 | 26.0667 | 50.3781509 | 50.8228639 | 25.5798401 | 26.3265283 | |
Qatar | 694 | 51.183884 | 25.354826 | 50.7500553 | 51.6432601 | 24.471118 | 26.1830927 | |
United Arab Emirates | 696 | 53.847818 | 23.424076 | 51.4997702 | 56.4053766 | 22.6315138 | 26.0696541 | |
Oman | 698 | 55.923255 | 21.512583 | 52.0000018 | 59.8393974 | 16.650336 | 26.4053947 | |
Afghanistan | 700 | 67.709953 | 33.93911 | 60.5170005 | 74.8898619 | 29.3772 | 38.4908767 | |
Turkmenistan | 701 | 59.556278 | 38.969719 | 52.4477432 | 66.7073531 | 35.12876 | 42.798844 | |
Tajikistan | 702 | 71.276093 | 38.861034 | 67.3420121 | 75.1539564 | 36.6719898 | 41.044367 | |
Kyrgyz Republic | 703 | 74.6 | 42.866667 | NA | NA | NA | NA | |
Uzbekistan | 704 | 64.585262 | 41.377491 | 55.9982179 | 73.148946 | 37.1722571 | 45.590075 | |
Kazakhstan | 705 | 66.923684 | 48.019573 | 46.4936719 | 87.315415 | 40.5685841 | 55.4419839 | |
China | 710 | 104.195397 | 35.86166 | 73.4994136 | 134.7728099 | 18.1535216 | 53.560974 | |
Tibet | 711 | 91.1 | 29.65 | NA | NA | NA | NA | |
Mongolia | 712 | 103.846656 | 46.862496 | 87.73762 | 119.9319489 | 41.5815201 | 52.1486965 | |
Taiwan | 713 | 120.960515 | 23.69781 | 116.7118601 | 122.0069052 | 20.5637908 | 26.3873533 | |
Korea | 730 | 127.233333 | 38.316667 | NA | NA | NA | NA | |
Korea, People'S Republic Of | 731 | 127 | 40.75121 | -118.3062712 | -118.2742564 | 34.0565722 | 34.0750586 | |
Korea, Republic Of | 732 | 127 | 34.0658159 | -73.9849304 | -73.9529156 | 40.7427567 | 40.7596622 | |
Japan | 740 | 138.252924 | 36.204824 | 122.9338302 | 153.9874306 | 24.0460446 | 45.5227719 | |
India | 750 | 78.96288 | 20.593684 | 68.1623859 | 97.395555 | 6.7471389 | 35.5043404 | |
Bhutan | 760 | 90.433601 | 27.514162 | 88.7464735 | 92.1252321 | 26.702016 | 28.360825 | |
Pakistan | 770 | 69.345116 | 30.375321 | 60.8729721 | 77.8356668 | 23.6946946 | 37.084107 | |
Bangladesh | 771 | 90.356331 | 23.684994 | 88.0085887 | 92.6801153 | 20.7543802 | 26.6342434 | |
Myanmar (Burma) | 775 | 96 | 22 | NA | NA | NA | NA | |
Sri Lanka (Ceylon) | 780 | 80.771797 | 7.873054 | 79.6289063 | 81.8787029 | 5.9190779 | 9.8358504 | |
Maldives | 781 | 73.4977747 | 3.9870284 | 72.6385815 | 73.7192702 | -0.7035846 | 7.1062798 | |
Nepal | 790 | 84.124008 | 28.394857 | 80.0522222 | 88.1992978 | 26.3477794 | 30.4469452 | |
Thailand | 800 | 100.992541 | 15.870032 | 97.343396 | 105.636812 | 5.612851 | 20.465143 | |
Cambodia (Kampuchea) | 811 | 104.9048424 | 11.5675652 | 104.8888645 | 104.9202459 | 11.5659677 | 11.569475 | |
Laos | 812 | 102.495496 | 19.85627 | 100.0832139 | 107.69483 | 13.90972 | 22.502872 | |
Vietnam (Annam/Cochin China/Tonkin) | 815 | 106.681944 | 10.769444 | NA | NA | NA | NA | |
Vietnam, Democratic Republic Of | 816 | 105 | 21 | NA | NA | NA | NA | |
Vietnam, Republic Of | 817 | 106.681944 | 10.769444 | NA | NA | NA | NA | |
Malaysia | 820 | 101.975766 | 4.210484 | 99.640573 | 119.2658119 | 0.8538209 | 7.363468 | |
Singapore | 830 | 103.819836 | 1.352083 | 103.6056246 | 104.0856805 | 1.166398 | 1.4708809 | |
Brunei | 835 | 114.727669 | 4.535277 | 114.0760633 | 115.3635623 | 4.002508 | 5.0471668 | |
Philippines | 840 | 121.774017 | 12.879721 | 116.7029193 | 126.6043837 | 4.6134443 | 19.5740241 | |
Indonesia | 850 | 113.921327 | -0.789275 | 95.004677 | 141.0195621 | -10.997112 | 5.9068839 | |
East Timor | 860 | 125.727539 | -8.874217 | 124.0429847 | 127.3416347 | -9.504195 | -8.1268067 | |
Australia | 900 | 133.775136 | -25.274398 | 112.9214544 | 159.105459 | -54.7772185 | -9.2210836 | |
Papua New Guinea | 910 | 147.116667 | -9.5 | NA | NA | NA | NA | |
New Zealand | 920 | 174.885971 | -40.900557 | 165.8694369 | 179.0625357 | -52.6194185 | -29.2313419 | |
Vanuatu | 935 | 166.959158 | -15.376706 | 166.5417588 | 170.2384597 | -20.2522929 | -13.0724554 | |
Solomon Islands | 940 | 160.156194 | -9.64571 | 155.4862405 | 167.2830811 | -11.8616847 | -6.5892403 | |
Fiji | 950 | 178.065032 | -17.713371 | 176.9094944 | -178.2301068 | -20.6759701 | -12.480116 | |
Kiribati | 970 | -157.3599202 | 1.8668577 | -157.5614933 | -150.1958942 | -11.4465192 | 4.6999585 | |
Nauru | 971 | 166.931503 | -0.522778 | 166.9095486 | 166.9589281 | -0.5541894 | -0.5026395 | |
Tonga | 972 | -175.198242 | -21.178986 | -175.6813217 | -173.7024841 | -21.4734606 | -15.5663926 | |
Tuvalu | 973 | 179.4726562 | -10.7280717 | 176.0588907 | 179.8710608 | -10.8009338 | -5.64223 | |
Marshall Islands | 983 | 171.184478 | 7.131474 | 160.7979585 | 172.1701812 | 4.5729556 | 14.673255 | |
Palau | 986 | 134.58252 | 7.51498 | 131.1692199 | 134.7210985 | 3.0011389 | 8.0940234 | |
Micronesia, Fed. Sts. | 987 | 158 | 6 | NA | NA | NA | NA | |
Samoa | 990 | -172.104629 | -13.759029 | -172.7985992 | -171.405859 | -14.0765884 | -13.4344024 | |
United Kingdom | 200 | -0.116667 | 51.5 | NA | NA | NA | NA |
variable | Question | |
---|---|---|
cowcode | Correlates of War country code (www.correlatesofwar.org). | |
country | Country name. | |
systyear | Year in which the constitutional system was promulgated. | |
systid | Unique identification number for the constitutional system. | |
evntyear | Year of promulgation of the most recent constitutional event. | |
endyear | Year through which the data for the event is guaranteed valid. | |
evntid | Unique identification number for the constitutional event. | |
evnttype | Event type (e.g. amendment, new, etc.). | |
source | What is the source for the text of the Constitution? | |
langsrce | In what language is the source document written (not the original, but the one used for coding)? | |
translat | Who translated this constitution into English? | |
doctit | What is the document entitled? | |
model | Does the constitution (most likely in the preamble) identify any models on which the constitution was based? | |
length | How long in words is the constitution? | |
docs | How many documents does the constitution consist of? | |
tranprov | Does the constitution contain any transitional provisions? | |
preamble | Does the constitution have an introduction or preamble? | |
preambw | What is the length in words of the introduction or preamble? (Asked only if PREAMBLE is answered 1) | |
rightsw | In what form are 'rights' included in the constitution? | |
rghtwrds | How many words is the 'rights' section of the constitution? (Asked only if RIGHTSW is answered 2, or if RIGHTSW is answered 3) | |
colony | How does the Constitution treat the status of colonies, protectorates, and territories? | |
colrule | What political status does the constitution assign to the residents of colonies, protectorates, or territories? | |
indcon | Does constitution refer to decolonization or the process by which the state became independent? | |
region | Does the Constitution mention a broader regional group of which the nation is a part? | |
regions | What broader regional group is this country a part of? (Asked only if REGION is answered 1) | |
prevcond | Does the constitution refer to social, political, or economic conditions in the time before the birth of the state or in the time of a former constitution? | |
truthcom | Does the Constitution provide for a commission for truth and reconciliation? | |
prevlead | Does the constitution mention anything about crimes committed by the previous regime? | |
democ | Does the constitution refer to 'democracy' or 'democratic'? | |
oath | Does the constitution stipulate that some public office holders take an oath to support or abide by the constitution? | |
socialsm | Does the constitution refer to 'socialism' or 'socialist'? | |
market | Does the constitution refer to the 'free market,' 'capitalism,' or an analogous term? | |
forinves | Does the Constitution mention 'foreign investment' or 'foreign capital'? | |
fortrad | Does the constitution mention foreign or international trade? | |
dignity | Does the constitution refer to the 'dignity of man' or human 'dignity'? | |
god | Does the Constitution mention 'God' or any other Deities? | |
figures | Are there any political figures/theorists/philosophers mentioned in the Constitution? | |
solid | Does the constitution refer to 'fraternity' or 'solidarity'? | |
overthrw | Does the constitution suggest that citizens should have the right to overthrow their government under certain circumstances? | |
terr | Does the constitution define the geographic borders/territory of the state? | |
capital | Does the constitution contain provisions specifying the location of the capital (if so, please specify the location in the comments section)? | |
anthem | Does the constitution contain provisions concerning the national anthem? | |
flag | Does the constitution contain provisions concerning the national flag? | |
motto | Does the constitution contain a national motto? | |
amend | Does the constitution provide for at least one procedure for amending the constitution? | |
unamend | Are any parts of the constitution unamendable? (Asked only if AMEND is answered 1) | |
amndamaj | Do constitutional amendments require more than a simple majority by the legislature to be approved? | |
amndapct | What proportion of the vote is needed to approve a constitutional amendment? | |
execindp | Does the constitution contain an explicit declaration regarding the INDEPENDENCE of the central executive organ(s)? | |
execnum | How many executives are specified in the constitution? | |
hoshog | Is the executive identified explicitly as the Head of State or Head of Government? (Asked only if EXECNUM is answered 2) | |
hosid | Is one of the executives explicitly referred to as the 'Head of State'? (Asked only if EXECNUM is answered 3) | |
hogid | Is one of the executives explicitly referred to as the 'Head of Government'? (Asked only if EXECNUM is answered 3) | |
hosname | What name does the constitution assign the office of the the Head of State? | |
hoselect | How is the Head of State selected? | |
hoselsys | Which of these best categorizes the electoral system for the Head of State? (Asked only if HOSELECT is answered 2) | |
hosterm | What is the maximum term length of the Head of State? | |
hosterml | What restrictions are in place regarding the number of terms the Head of State may serve? | |
hosage | What is the minimum age limit for becoming the Head of State? | |
hosrest_ | what additional restrictions does the constitution place on becoming the head of state? | |
hosdiss | Are there provisions for dismissing the Head of State? | |
hosdcond_ | under what grounds can the head of state be dismissed? | |
hossucc | Should the head of state need to be replaced before the normally scheduled replacement process, what is the process of replacement? | |
hosimm | Is the Head of State provided with immunity from prosecution? | |
hosstaff | Does the constitution specify a council or advisory group (other than the cabinet)? | |
hosdec | Does the Head of State have decree power? | |
hosdecim | Which arrangement describes the implementation procedure for Head of State decrees? | |
hosdecex | Once implemented, what arrangement describes the expiration procedures for Head of State decrees? | |
hospard | Does the Head of State have the power to pardon? | |
hogname | What name does the constitution assign the Head of Government? | |
hogelect | How is the Head of Government selected? | |
hogterm | What is the maximum term length of the Head of Government? | |
hogterml | What restrictions are in place regarding the number of terms the Head of Government may serve? | |
hogage | What is the minimum age limit for becoming the Head of Government? | |
hoglegr | What restrictions does the constitution place on the Head of Government's role in the Legislature? | |
hogrest_ | what additional restrictions does the constitution place on becoming the head of Government? | |
hogdiss | Are there provisions for dismissing the Head of Government? | |
hogdcond_ | under what grounds can the head of government be dismissed? | |
hogsucc | Should the head of government need to be replaced before the normally scheduled replacement process, what is the process of replacement? | |
hogimm | Is the Head of Government provided with immunity from prosecution? | |
hogdec | Does the Head of Government have decree power? | |
hogdecim | Which arrangement describes the implementation procedure for Head of Government decrees? | |
hogdecex | Once implemented, what arrangement describes the expiration procedures for Head of Government decrees? | |
hogpard | Does the Head of Government have the power to pardon? | |
depexec | Does the constitution specify a deputy executive of any kind (e.g., deputy prime minister, vice president)? | |
depname | What is the name of the office of the deputy executive? | |
depsel | How is the deputy executive selected? | |
cabinet | Does the constitution mention the executive cabinet/ministers? | |
cabdiss_ | who has the authority to dismiss the cabinet/ministers? | |
atgen | Does the constitution provide for an attorney general or public prosecutor responsible for representing the government in criminal or civil cases? | |
em | Does the constitution have provisions for calling a state of emergency? | |
emdecl | Who can declare a state of emergency? (Asked only if EM is answered 1) | |
emappr_ | who approves a state of emergency? (asked only if em is answered 1) | |
emcond_ | under which of the following circumstances can a state of emergency be called? | |
emrights | Does the constitution provide for suspension or restriction of rights during states of emergency? | |
emother_ | other than rights, what (if any) operations of government are affected by a state of emergency? | |
legisl | Does the constitution provide for a central representative body (a legislature)? | |
housenum | How many chambers or houses does the Legislature contain? | |
legjoint | Does the constitution specify that the chambers should meet jointly for any reason? | |
lhname | What name is given to the first (or only) chamber? | |
lhlead | Who presides over the first (or only) chamber? | |
lhseats | How many members compose the first (or only) chamber of the Legislature? | |
lhlegis | Is the first (or only) chamber of the Legislature given the power to legislate? | |
lhselect_ | how are members of the first (or only) chamber of the legislature selected? | |
lhcohort | Are members of the first (or only) chamber elected in the same cohort, or in staggered cohorts? | |
lhelsys | Does the constitution specify the electoral system for the first (or only) chamber? | |
lhage | What is the minimum age limit for eligibility to serve as a member of the first (or only) chamber of the Legislature? | |
lhrest_ | what additional restrictions does the constitution place on the eligibility to serve as a member of the first (or only) chamber of the Legislature? | |
lhterm | What is the maximum term length for members of the first (or only) chamber of the Legislature? | |
lhtrmlim | What restrictions are in place regarding the number of terms members of the first (or only) chamber may serve? | |
lhquota | Does the constitution stipulate a quota for representation of certain groups in the first (or only) chamber? | |
lhquotad_ | which groups does the constitution stipulate a quota for in the first (or only) chamber of the Legislature? | |
uhname | What name is given to the Second Chamber? | |
uhlead | Who presides over the Second Chamber? | |
uhseats | How many members compose the Second Chamber of the Legislature? | |
uhlegisl | Is the Second Chamber of the Legislature given the power to legislate? | |
uhselect_ | how are members of the second chamber selected? | |
uhcohort | Are members of the Second Chamber elected in the same cohort, or in staggered cohorts? | |
uhelsys | Does the constitution specify the electoral system for the Second Chamber? | |
uhage | What is the minimum age limit for eligibility to serve as a member of the Second Chamber of the Legislature? | |
uhrest_ | what additional restrictions does the constitution place on the eligibility to serve as a member of the Second Chamber of the Legislature? | |
uhterm | What is the maximum term length for members of the Second Chamber of the Legislature? | |
uhtrmlim | What restrictions are in place regarding the number of terms members of the second chamber may serve? | |
uhquota | Does the constitution stipulate a quota for representation of certain groups in the Second Chamber? | |
uhquotad_ | which groups does the constitution stipulate a quota for in the second chamber? | |
legdiss | Who, if anybody, can dismiss the legislature? | |
remleg | Are there provisions for removing individual legislators? | |
legrep | What provisions are there for replacing individual legislators who have been removed, resign, or die? | |
immunity | Does the constitution provide for immunity for the members of the Legislature under some conditions? | |
intexec | Does the legislature have the power to interpellate members of the the legislature on a regular basis? | |
invexe | Does the legislature have the power to investigate the activities of the executive branch? | |
leg_in_ | who does the constitution specify can initiate general legislation? | |
legsupr | Is a supermajority needed for passing any legislation? | |
legapp | Who has the power to approve/reject legislation once it has been passed by the legislature (not including reviews for constitutionality)? | |
legappdf | Which of the following describes the default mode for the approval of legislation? | |
legapppt | Does the approving/vetoing actor have the power to approve/reject parts of the bill, the bill in its entirety, or both? | |
override | Can vetoes of legislation be overridden? | |
overwho | Who can override vetoes of legislation? | |
overpct | What proportion of the vote is needed to override a veto? | |
specleg_ | does the constitution provide for any of the following special legislative processes? | |
attend | What provisions does the constitution make regarding attendance by legislators? | |
exsess_ | who, if anybody, can convene an extraordinary session of the legislature or extend an ongoing session? | |
profleg | Does the Constitution require that legislators give up any other profession (i.e. work exclusively as legislators)? | |
assets | Does the Constitution require that legislators disclose their earnings and/or assets? | |
income_ | who is involved in the determination of legislator's compensation? | |
pubmeet | Does the constitution prescribe whether or not the meetings of the Legislature are (generally) held in public? | |
pubmin | Is a record of the deliberations of the Legislature published? | |
recvote | Are votes in the legislature a matter of public record, secret, or both (depending on the topic)? | |
quorum | Is a quorum required for a session of the legislature to be official? | |
quorumw | What is the quorum needed (% of membership)? | |
commit | Are legislative committees mentioned in the Constitution? | |
levjud | Does the court system provide for any of the following? | |
judcrts_ | for which of the following specialized courts does the constitution contain provisions? | |
judind | Does the constitution contain an explicit declaration regarding the independence of the central judicial organ(s)? | |
judprec | Does the constitution stipulate that courts have to take into account decisions of higher courts? | |
judfin | Are judicial decisions by the highest ordinary court final? | |
hocop | Does the constitution provide for judicial opinions of the Highest Ordinary Court? | |
hocopw_ | which of the following is mentioned about opinions for the highest ordinary court? | |
illadmin | Does the constitution contain provisions protecting the individual against illegal or ultra-vires administrative actions? | |
concop | Does the constitution mention judicial opinions of the Constitutional Court? | |
concopw_ | which of the following describes the provisions for opinions for the constitutional court? | |
interp_ | to whom does the constitution assign the responsibility for the interpretation of the constitution? | |
unconper | What proportion of the vote of the court is required to find legislation unconstitutional? | |
challeg_ | who has standing to initiate challenge to the constitutionality of legislation? | |
amparo | Does the constitution provide for a right to petition for 'amparo'? | |
jrem | Are there provisions for dismissing judges? | |
jermcon_ | under what conditions can judges be dismissed? | |
judsal | Does the constitution explicitly state that judicial salaries are protected from governmental intervention? | |
judretir | Is there a mandatory retirement age for judges? | |
fedunit | Is the state described as either federal, confederal, or unitary? | |
federal_ | does the constitution recognize any of the following subnational governments? | |
fedsep | Which level of government has superior legal status in the case of conflict? | |
fedrev | Does the constitution contain provisions allowing review of the legislation of organs? | |
seccess | Are there provisions for the secession or withdrawal of parts of the state? | |
access | Does the Constitution provide for accession or adoption of territory outside of the country into the constitutional regime? | |
indpolgr_ | are any of the following political rights or benefits specifically granted to indigenous groups? | |
indcit | Are indigenous groups explicitly granted full citizenship? (Asked only if | |
part | Does the constitution refer to political parties? | |
partrght | Does the constitution provide for a right to form political parties? | |
partprf | Does the constitution express a preference for one or more political parties? | |
partprh | Does the constitution prohibit one or more political parties? | |
partunco_ | who is given the power to make determinations of unconstitutional political parties? | |
initiat | Does the constitution provide for the ability of individuals to propose legislative initiatives (referenda from below)? | |
what are the prerequisites for an initiative to be considered (please check all that apply)? | ||
referen | Does the constitution provide for the ability to propose a referendum (or plebiscite)? | |
referenp_ | who can propose a referendum? | |
voteres | Does the constitution place any restrictions on the right to vote? | |
votemin | What is the minimum age limit for voting? | |
votelim_ | besides age limits, which additional restrictions does the constitution place on voting? | |
voteun | Does the constitution make a claim to universal adult suffrage? | |
oversght | Does the constitution provide for an electoral commission or electoral court to oversee the election process? | |
compvote | Does the constitution make voting mandatory, at least for some elections? | |
freeelec | Does the constitution prescribe that electoral ballots be secret? | |
electsch | What are the arrangements for the scheduling of elections? | |
camppubf | Are there any provisions for the public financing of campaigns? | |
electfin | Are there any provisions for limits on money used for campaigns? | |
electsam | Are elections for the executive and the legislature held on the same day? | |
census | Does the constitution specify a census? | |
ombuds | Does the constitution provide for an Ombudsman? | |
bank | Does the constitution contain provisions for a central bank? | |
bankgoal | What are the policy goals of the central bank? | |
medcom | Does the constitution mention a special regulatory body/institution to oversee the media market? | |
jc | Does the constitution contain provisions for a Judicial Council/Commission? | |
cc | Does the constitution contain provisions for a counter corruption commission? | |
civil | Does the constitution include provisions for the meritocratic recruitment of civil servants (e.g. exams or credential requirements)? | |
hr | Does the constitution contain provisions for a human rights commission? | |
exinst | Does the constitution contain provisions with regard to any additional central rights commission, central bank commission, or central election commission)? | |
intlaw | Does the constitution contain provisions concerning the relationship between the constitution and international law? | |
custlaw | Does the Constitution refer to 'customary' international law or the 'law of nations'? | |
custlaw2 | What is the status of customary international law in the constitution? | |
intorgs | Does the constitution contain provisions concerning international organizations? | |
headforn | Who is the representative of the state for foreign affairs? | |
war_ | who has the power to declare war? | |
treat | Does the constitution mention international treaties? | |
treatini_ | who has the power to initiate treaties? (asked only if treat is answered 1) | |
treatap_ | who has the power to approve treaties? (asked only if treat is answered 1) | |
treatrvw | Are treaties reviewable for their constitutionality? | |
treatst | What is the status of treaties vis a vis ordinary legislation? | |
provwork | Does the constitution mention a state duty to provide work/employment? | |
provhlth | Does the constitution mention a state duty to provide health care? | |
cultrght | Does the constitution refer to a state duty to protect or promote culture or cultural rights? | |
buildsoc | Does the constitution refer to a duty of the people to take part in building society or to work for the development of the country? | |
taxes | Does the constitution refer to a duty to pay taxes? | |
milserv | Does the constitution refer to a duty of military service? | |
work | Does the constitution refer to a duty to work? | |
prtyduty | Does the constitution refer to a duty to join a political party? | |
tradeun | Does the constitution refer to a duty to join trade unions? | |
jury | Does the constitution require a jury or any form of citizen participation in decision making in criminal trials? | |
grjury | Is there citizen involvement in the indicting process (such as a grand jury)? | |
vicright | Is there a special mention of victims rights in the constitution? | |
excrim | Does the constitution provide for the extradition of suspected or convicted criminals to other countries? | |
evidence | Does the constitution regulate the collection of evidence? | |
prerel | Does the constitution provide for the right/possibility of pre-trial release? | |
habcorp | Does the constitution provide for the right to protection from unjustified restraint (habeas corpus)? | |
wolaw | Does the constitution mention nulla poena sine lege or the principle that no person should be punished without law? | |
rghtapp | Do defendants have the right to appeal judicial decisions? | |
prisonrg | Does the constitution require that the names of those imprisoned be entered in a public registry? | |
cappun | How does the constitution treat the use of capital punishment? | |
corppun | How does the constitution treat the use of corporal punishment? | |
dueproc | Does the constitution explicitly mention due process? | |
examwit | Does the constitution provide for the right to examine evidence or confront all witnesses? | |
expost | Does the constitution prohibit punishment by laws enacted ex post facto ? | |
falseimp | Does the constitution provide for the right of some redress in the case of false imprisonment, arrest, or judicial error? | |
fairtri | Does the constitution provide the right to a fair trial? | |
speedtri | Does the constitution provide for the right to a speedy trial? | |
pubtri | Does the constitution generally require public trials? | |
presinoc | Is there a presumption of innocence in trials? | |
trilang | Does the constitution specify the trial has to be in a language the accused understands or the right to an interpreter if the accused cannot understand the language? | |
juvenile | Does the constitution give juveniles special rights/status in the criminal justice process? | |
doubjep | Does the constitution provide for the prohibition of double jeopardy (i.e., being tried for the same crime twice)? | |
miranda | Does the constitution give the accused a right to silence or protection from self incrimination? | |
couns | Does the constitution provide the right to counsel if one is indicted or arrested? | |
counscos | If counsel is provided, is it provided at the state's expense? | |
debtors | Does the constitution forbid the detention of debtors? | |
bankrupt | Does the constitution mention bankruptcy law? | |
nat | Does the constitution refer to nationals, subjects, or citizens? | |
natcit | Does the constitution provide for naturalized citizens? | |
citrev_ | under what conditions can citizenship be revoked? | |
citren | Do citizens have the right to renounce their citizenship? | |
citdep | Does the constitution grant the government the right to deport citizens or residents? | |
resenex | Does the constitution restrict entry or exit of the states borders? | |
rulelaw | Does the constitution contain a general statement regarding rule of law, legality, or Rechtsstaat (the German equivalent)? | |
equal | Does the constitution refer to equality before the law, the equal rights of men, or non-discrimination? | |
rightres_ | does the constitution specifically restrict the rights of any of the following groups? | |
binding | Are rights provisions binding on private parties as well as the state? | |
infoacc | Does the constitution provide for an individual right to view government files or documents under at least some conditions? | |
infoaccw | To which kinds of documents does the constitution direct that individuals should have access? | |
libel | Does the constitution provide for the right of protection of one's reputation from libelous actions? | |
offrel | Does the constitution contain provisions concerning a national or official religion or a national or official church? | |
offrelw | What religion does the constitution name as national or official or grant special treatment to? | |
freerel | Does the constitution provide for freedom of religion? | |
rellaw_ | what is the status of religious law? | |
rellawv | Is law contrary to religion void (repugnancy clause)? | |
seprel | Does the constitution contain an explicit decree of separation of church and state? | |
reltax | Are religious organizations granted tax free status? | |
exprop | Can the government expropriate private property under at least some conditions? | |
exprcomp | What is the specified level of compensation for expropriation of private property? | |
expcond_ | under what conditions or for what purposes can the state expropriate private property? | |
explim_ | what limits/conditions are placed on the ability of the government to expropriate private | |
socecon | Does the constitution use the words (socio-) economic rights or similar? | |
remuner | Does the constitution provide the right to just remuneration, fair or equal payment for work? | |
jointrde | Does the constitution provide for the right to form or to join trade unions? | |
strike | Does the constitution provide for a right to strike? | |
leisure | Does the constitution provide for a right of rest and leisure? | |
standliv | Does the constitution provide for a right to an adequate or reasonable standard of living? | |
transfer | Does the constitution mention the right to transfer property freely? | |
testate | Does the constitution provide for a right of testate, or the right to transfer property freely after death? | |
inherit | Does the constitution provide for inheritance rights? | |
intprop_ | does the constitution mention any of the following intellectual property rights? | |
busines | Does the constitution provide a right to conduct/establish a business? | |
conright | Does the constitution mention consumer rights or consumer protection? | |
socsec | Does the constitution refer to the social security of the society or nation? | |
proprght | Does the constitution provide for a right to own property? | |
freecomp | Does the constitution provide the right to a free and/or competitive market? | |
scifree | Does the constitution provide for a right to enjoy the benefits of scientific progress? | |
occupate | Does the constitution provide for the right to choose ones occupation? | |
safework | Does the constitution mention the right to safe/healthy working conditions? | |
childwrk | Does the constitution place limits on child employment? | |
shelter | Does the constitution provide for the right to shelter or housing? | |
marriage | Does the constitution provide for the right to marry? | |
samesexm | Does the constitution provide the right for same sex marriages? | |
fndfam | Does the constitution provide the right to found a family? | |
matequal | Does the constitution provide for matrimonial equality? | |
childpro | Does the constitution guarantee the rights of children? | |
civmar | Is there a constitutional provision for civil marriage? | |
selfdet | Does the constitution provide for a people's right of self-determination? | |
healthr | Does the constitution mention the right to health care? | |
healthf | Does the constitution specify that healthcare should be provided by government free of charge? | |
life | Does the constitution provide for a right to life? | |
slave | Does the constitution prohibit slavery, servitude, or forced labor? | |
torture | Does the constitution prohibit torture? | |
cruelty | Does the constitution prohibit cruel, inhuman, or degrading treatment? | |
privacy | Does the constitution provide for a right of privacy? | |
freemove | Does the constitution provide for freedom of movement? | |
opinion | Does the constitution provide for freedom of opinion, thought, and/or conscience? | |
express | Does the constitution provide for freedom of expression or speech? | |
petition | Does the constitution provide for a right of petition? | |
censor | Does the constitution prohibit censorship? | |
press | Does the constitution provide for freedom of the press? | |
intright_ | does the constitution refer to any of the following international treaties or instruments? | |
assem | Does the constitution provide for freedom of assembly? | |
assoc | Does the constitution provide for freedom of association? | |
inalrght | Does the constitution stipulate that the certain rights are inalienable or inviolable? | |
devlpers | Does the constitution provide for an individual's right to self determination or the right to free development of personality? | |
nomil | Is there a right to exemption from military service for conscientous objectors to war or other groups? | |
asylum | Does the constitution contain provisions for the protection of stateless individuals, refugees from other states, or the right to asylum? | |
arms | Does the constitution provide for the right to bear arms? | |
env | Does the constitution refer to protection or preservation of the environment? | |
envref_ | how does the constitution refer to the environment? (asked only if env is answered 1) | |
envpart_ | which specific parts of the environment does the constitution refer? | |
resrce | Does the constitution refer to ownership or possession of natural resources (such as minerals, oil, etc.)? | |
resrces_ | which specific natural resources does the constitution refer to? | |
artists | Does the constitution refer to artists or the arts? | |
science | Does the constitution refer to science or the sciences? | |
telecom | Is there a mention of telecommunications? | |
radio | Does the constitution refer to radio? | |
tv | Does the constitution refer to television? | |
govmed | How does the constitution address the state operation of print or electronic media? | |
medmark_ | does the constitution mention any of the following general principles about the operation of the media market? | |
military | Is the military or armed forces mentioned in the constitution? | |
comchief | Who is the commander in chief of the armed forces? | |
terror | Is there special mention of terrorism and public security provisions regarding terrorism? | |
econplan | Does the constitution mention the adoption of national economic plans? | |
ethincl | Does the constitution contain provisions concerning national integration of ethnic communities? | |
opgroup | Does the constitution provide for positive obligations to transfer wealth to, or provide opportunity for, particular groups? | |
lang | Does the constitution specify either an official or national language? | |
langoffw | What languages does the constitution list as official? | |
langnatw | What languages does the constitution list as national? (Asked only if | |
langprot | Does the constitution refer to the protection of different languages? | |
educate | Does the constitution contain provisions concerning education? | |
edcomp | Does the constitution stipulate that education be compulsory until at least some level? | |
edcompl | To what level (or year of age) does the constitution make education compulsory? | |
edfree | Does the constitution stipulate that education be free, at least up to some level? | |
edfreel | To what level (or year of age) does the constitution stipulate that education should be free? | |
acfree | Does the constitution guarantee academic freedom? | |
achighed | Does the constitution guarantee equal access to higher education? |
# Fig 1 | |
library(foreign) | |
library(plyr) | |
library(ggplot2) | |
ccp <- read.dta("../Data/ccpcncv1_0/ccpcnc/ccpcncv1_0.dta") | |
ccp <- ccp[, -c(grep("article|comments", names(ccp)))] #discard variables we are not interested in | |
uds <- read.csv("../Data/uds_summary.csv") | |
uds <- ddply(uds, .(country), transform, cumMean = cumsum(mean)) | |
ccp <- merge(ccp, subset(uds, year == 2006), by = c("cowcode")) | |
geocodes <- read.csv("geocoded_cowcodes.csv") #For making a map, we need latitude and longitude information for all countries in the dataset; this file contains that info | |
ccp <- merge(ccp, geocodes) | |
rm(geocodes) | |
map <- aes_string(x = "lon", y = "lat", color = "mean", size = "cumMean") | |
data <- subset(ccp, democ != "1. yes") | |
labelMap <- aes_string(x = "lon", y = "lat", label = expression(paste(country.x, | |
systyear))) | |
constitutionsMap <- ggplot() + geom_point(data = data, mapping = map) + borders() + | |
scale_color_gradient2() + scale_size(range = c(3, 9)) | |
constitutionsMap + labs(shape = "Does the constitution\nmention democracy?", | |
color = "Mean UDS score \nin 2006 \n(blue= more democratic)", size = "Cumulative UDS score \nas of 2006\n(bigger = more democratic experience)", | |
title = "Fig. 1: Constitutional documents that do NOT mention 'democracy' or 'democratic' as of 2006") + | |
geom_text(data = data, mapping = labelMap) | |
ggsave("Fig. 1 Constitutional documents that do not mention democracy.png", | |
width = 16, height = 9) | |
#Correlations between mention of democracy and measure of democracy | |
cor(colwise(as.numeric)(ccp[, c("democ", "mean", "cumMean")])) | |
# note that since 'yes' = 1 and 'no' = 2 a positive value for the | |
# correlation between democ and the average or cumulative UDS score | |
# implies a negative correlation between being more democratic and | |
# mentioning democracy in the constitution | |
#Fig 2 | |
library(reshape2) | |
liberalDemVars <- c("assem", "equal", "express", "freerel", "assoc") | |
data <- ccp[, c("country.x", "mean", "cumMean", "systyear", "evntyear", liberalDemVars)] | |
data <- melt(data, id.vars = c("country.x", "mean", "cumMean", "systyear", "evntyear")) | |
data$value <- as.numeric(as.factor(data$value)) | |
data <- subset(data, value > 1) | |
length(unique(data[, "country.x"])) # Number of countries that are missing at least one liberal freedom in their constitution | |
liberal.democracy.differences <- qplot(data = data, x = variable, y = reorder(paste(country.x, | |
systyear), value, FUN = "sum"), fill = mean, geom = "tile") | |
liberal.democracy.differences + labs(y = "Constitution", x = "Missing liberal democracy principle", | |
fill = "Mean UDS score\nas of 2006") + scale_fill_gradient2() + theme_bw() | |
ggsave("Fig. 2 Countries missing liberal freedoms in their constitutions.png") | |
#Fig 3 | |
source("auxiliary functions.R") | |
rights <- c("democ", names(ccp)[which(names(ccp) == "nat"):which(names(ccp) == | |
"arms")]) | |
rights <- rights[!grepl("_|name|age", rights)] | |
data <- ccp[, c("country.x", "mean", "cumMean", rights)] | |
data <- melt(data, id.vars = c("country.x", "mean", "cumMean")) | |
data <- data[grep("1. yes$", data$value), ] | |
data$value <- as.numeric(as.factor(data$value)) | |
data <- dcast(data, country.x + mean + cumMean + variable ~ variable) | |
data <- ddply(data, .(variable), transform, variable = c(rep(NA, length(variable) - | |
1), round(length(variable)/183, 2))) | |
eventAttributes <- data.frame(country.x = rep(NA, length(names(data)) - 4), | |
mean = rep(0, length(names(data)) - 4), cumMean = rep(0, length(names(data)) - | |
4), variable = names(data)[5:length(names(data))]) | |
plot.matrix(data, events.vars = c(5:length(names(data))), eventAttributes = eventAttributes, | |
color = "mean", label = "variable") + scale_color_gradient2() + labs(color = "Mean UDS score in 2006", | |
size = "Cumulative UDS score by 2006", title = "Rights in world constitutions") | |
ggsave("Fig. 3 Rights in world constitutions.png", width = 15, height = 8) | |
#Fig 4 | |
source("auxiliary functions.R") | |
rights <- c("democ", names(ccp)[which(names(ccp) == "nat"):which(names(ccp) == | |
"arms")]) | |
rights <- rights[!grepl("_|name|age", rights)] | |
data <- ccp[, c("country.x", "mean", "cumMean", rights)] | |
data <- melt(data, id.vars = c("country.x", "mean", "cumMean")) | |
data <- ddply(data, .(variable, value), transform, meanUDS = mean(mean), meanCumUDS = mean(cumMean)) | |
data <- ddply(data, .(variable, value), transform, n = length(mean)) | |
data <- data[grep("1. yes$", data$value), ] | |
varQuestions <- read.csv("List-of-variables-ccp.csv") | |
data <- merge(data, varQuestions) | |
library(stringr) | |
chars.graph <- qplot(data = data, x = reorder(paste(str_wrap(Question, width = 50), | |
" (", variable, ") ", value, sep = ""), n), y = n/183, color = meanUDS) + | |
coord_flip() + geom_hline(yintercept = c(0.5, 0.8), color = "red") + scale_color_gradient2(midpoint = mean(ccp$mean), | |
mid = "grey", high = "blue", low = "red", breaks = c(min(data$meanUDS), | |
mean(ccp$mean), max(data$meanUDS)), labels = c("Less dem than avg", | |
"Avg level of dem in 2006", "More dem than avg")) | |
chars.graph + labs(x = "Right or provision", y = "Proportion of constitutions endorsing the right", | |
color = "Average UDS \nscore of countries \nendorsing the right") | |
ggsave("Fig. 4 Rights endorsed in constitutions.png", height = 25, width = 15) | |
#Fig 5 | |
source("auxiliary functions.R") | |
rights <- names(ccp)[which(names(ccp) == "nat"):which(names(ccp) == "arms")] | |
duties <- names(ccp)[which(names(ccp) == "provwork"):which(names(ccp) == "tradeun")] | |
rights <- rights[!grepl("_|name|age", rights)] | |
plot_ccp_network(vars = rights, threshold = 0.85, title = "Similarities in rights provisions (85% or greater similarity)", | |
vertexattributes = c("mean", "cumMean", "systyear", "country.x"), label = expression(abbreviate(country.x))) + | |
scale_color_gradient2(mid = "grey", low = "red") + scale_size(range = c(3, | |
9)) | |
# plot_ccp_network(vars=duties,threshold=0.9, title='Similarities in | |
# duties provisions (90% or greater | |
# similarity)',vertexattributes=c('mean','cumMean','systyear','country.x'),label=expression(abbreviate(country.x)))+scale_color_gradient2(mid='grey',low='red')+ | |
# scale_size(range=c(3,9)) | |
ggsave("Fig. 5 Similarities among constitutions 85.png", width = 15, height = 8) | |
#Calculations of similarities | |
source("auxiliary functions.R") | |
ccp$meanCut <- cut(ccp$mean, 3, labels = c("Dictatorship", "Hybrid", "Democracy")) | |
codes <- read.csv("../Data/extended codes.csv") | |
names(codes)[which(names(codes) == "country")] <- "country.codes" | |
names(codes)[which(names(codes) == "ccode")] <- "cowcode" | |
allProvisions <- names(ccp)[which(names(ccp) == "model"):which(names(ccp) == | |
"achighed")] | |
data <- merge(ccp, codes, by = c("cowcode")) | |
calculate_similarities_3(data = data, n = 300, vars = rights) | |
## Dictatorship Dictatorship Hybrid Hybrid Democracy Democracy | |
## Dictatorship 0.0000 0.6298 0.5964 0.6056 0.6074 0.6033 | |
## Dictatorship 0.6298 0.0000 0.6040 0.6001 0.6006 0.6070 | |
## Hybrid 0.5964 0.6040 0.0000 0.6180 0.5850 0.5871 | |
## Hybrid 0.6056 0.6001 0.6180 0.0000 0.5978 0.5856 | |
## Democracy 0.6074 0.6006 0.5850 0.5978 0.0000 0.6022 | |
## Democracy 0.6033 0.6070 0.5871 0.5856 0.6022 0.0000 | |
calculate_similarities_3(data = data, n = 300, vars = liberalDemVars) | |
## Dictatorship Dictatorship Hybrid Hybrid Democracy Democracy | |
## Dictatorship 0.0000 0.7860 0.8693 0.8733 0.8273 0.8360 | |
## Dictatorship 0.7860 0.0000 0.8627 0.8647 0.8113 0.8180 | |
## Hybrid 0.8693 0.8627 0.0000 0.9693 0.8967 0.8953 | |
## Hybrid 0.8733 0.8647 0.9693 0.0000 0.8993 0.9013 | |
## Democracy 0.8273 0.8113 0.8967 0.8993 0.0000 0.8287 | |
## Democracy 0.8360 0.8180 0.8953 0.9013 0.8287 0.0000 | |
calculate_similarities_3(data = data, n = 100, vars = rights, subsetVar = "un_continent_name") | |
## Africa Africa Americas Americas Asia Asia Europe Europe | |
## Africa 0.0000 0.6630 0.6214 0.6425 0.6256 0.6284 0.5961 0.6083 | |
## Africa 0.6630 0.0000 0.6203 0.6072 0.6248 0.6172 0.6041 0.5988 | |
## Americas 0.6214 0.6203 0.0000 0.5919 0.5808 0.5892 0.5816 0.5909 | |
## Americas 0.6425 0.6072 0.5919 0.0000 0.5942 0.5894 0.5822 0.5742 | |
## Asia 0.6256 0.6248 0.5808 0.5942 0.0000 0.6086 0.5703 0.5795 | |
## Asia 0.6284 0.6172 0.5892 0.5894 0.6086 0.0000 0.5664 0.5742 | |
## Europe 0.5961 0.6041 0.5816 0.5822 0.5703 0.5664 0.0000 0.5911 | |
## Europe 0.6083 0.5988 0.5909 0.5742 0.5795 0.5742 0.5911 0.0000 | |
## Oceania 0.6695 0.6692 0.6016 0.6228 0.6523 0.6336 0.5769 0.5839 | |
## Oceania 0.6542 0.6670 0.5962 0.6219 0.6394 0.6223 0.5694 0.5741 | |
## Oceania Oceania | |
## Africa 0.6695 0.6542 | |
## Africa 0.6692 0.6670 | |
## Americas 0.6016 0.5962 | |
## Americas 0.6228 0.6219 | |
## Asia 0.6523 0.6394 | |
## Asia 0.6336 0.6223 | |
## Europe 0.5769 0.5694 | |
## Europe 0.5839 0.5741 | |
## Oceania 0.0000 0.7417 | |
## Oceania 0.7417 0.0000 | |
data[, allProvisions] <- colwise(as.factor)(data[, allProvisions]) | |
calculate_similarities_3(data = data, n = 100, vars = allProvisions, subsetVar = "un_continent_name") | |
## Africa Africa Americas Americas Asia Asia Europe Europe | |
## Africa 0.0000 0.6787 0.6486 0.6521 0.6641 0.6638 0.6584 0.6563 | |
## Africa 0.6787 0.0000 0.6555 0.6458 0.6679 0.6580 0.6660 0.6613 | |
## Americas 0.6486 0.6555 0.0000 0.6428 0.6410 0.6409 0.6343 0.6254 | |
## Americas 0.6521 0.6458 0.6428 0.0000 0.6401 0.6410 0.6352 0.6333 | |
## Asia 0.6641 0.6679 0.6410 0.6401 0.0000 0.6627 0.6613 0.6513 | |
## Asia 0.6638 0.6580 0.6409 0.6410 0.6627 0.0000 0.6535 0.6496 | |
## Europe 0.6584 0.6660 0.6343 0.6352 0.6613 0.6535 0.0000 0.6734 | |
## Europe 0.6563 0.6613 0.6254 0.6333 0.6513 0.6496 0.6734 0.0000 | |
## Oceania 0.6499 0.6427 0.6473 0.6522 0.6385 0.6322 0.6065 0.6108 | |
## Oceania 0.6308 0.6360 0.6530 0.6382 0.6337 0.6216 0.6106 0.6028 | |
## Oceania Oceania | |
## Africa 0.6499 0.6308 | |
## Africa 0.6427 0.6360 | |
## Americas 0.6473 0.6530 | |
## Americas 0.6522 0.6382 | |
## Asia 0.6385 0.6337 | |
## Asia 0.6322 0.6216 | |
## Europe 0.6065 0.6106 | |
## Europe 0.6108 0.6028 | |
## Oceania 0.0000 0.6761 | |
## Oceania 0.6761 0.0000 | |
calculate_similarities_3(data = data, n = 300, vars = allProvisions) | |
## Dictatorship Dictatorship Hybrid Hybrid Democracy Democracy | |
## Dictatorship 0.0000 0.6537 0.6517 0.6520 0.6431 0.6434 | |
## Dictatorship 0.6537 0.0000 0.6505 0.6548 0.6442 0.6416 | |
## Hybrid 0.6517 0.6505 0.0000 0.6638 0.6489 0.6454 | |
## Hybrid 0.6520 0.6548 0.6638 0.0000 0.6537 0.6507 | |
## Democracy 0.6431 0.6442 0.6489 0.6537 0.0000 0.6547 | |
## Democracy 0.6434 0.6416 0.6454 0.6507 0.6547 0.0000 |
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