exception.cause.rb

# quick and dirty back-port of Ruby 2.1's Exception#cause
class Exception
  def self.new(*args)
    allocate.tap do |exception|
      exception.send(:initialize, *args)
      exception.cause = $!
    end
  end
  
  # @return [Exception, nil]
  attr_accessor :cause

  # @return [Array<Exception>]
  def causes
    return [] unless cause
    [cause].concat(cause.causes)
  end
end