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Ruby 3.1 on Rails
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ruby31onrails.md

Ruby 3.1 on Rails

Actions required to use Ruby 3.1.0 with Rails

Rails 7.0.Z

  • Rails 7.0.1 is compatible with Ruby 3.1.0.
  • Rails 7.0.1 addes net-smtp, net-imap and net-pop gems as Action Mailbox and Action Mailer dependency, you do not need to add them explicitly in your application Gemfile anymore.
  • thor 1.2.1 has been released. You will not see DidYouMean::SPELL_CHECKERS.merge deprecate warnings anymore.

Rails 6.1.Z

  • Use Rails 6.1.5 to support database.yml with aliases and secrets.yml with aliases.

Rails 6.0.Z

  • You will likely get this error. 
    Psych::BadAlias: Unknown alias: default
  • Upgrade to Rails 6.1.5 or higher.
  • No Psych 4 support has been backported to Rails 6.0. Use Psych 3 as a workaround. 
    gem "psych", "~> 3.0"

Details - if you are interested

Maintenance Policy for Ruby on Rails

https://guides.rubyonrails.org/maintenance_policy.html As of Dec 25, 2021, Supporting Ruby 3.1 with Rails should not be security issues.

  • Rails 7.0.Z accepts bug fixes.
  • Rails 6.1.Z accepts security issues only.
  • Rails 6.0.Z accepts severe security issues only.

Changes to support Ruby 3.1

  • Add Class#descendants
  • Psych 4 support
  • net-smtp, net-imap, net-pop are bundled gems
  • Ruby 3.1 performance optimization
  • DidYouMean::SPELL_CHECKERS.merge!(error_name => spell_checker)' has been deprecated.

Add Class#descendants

Psych 4 support

YAML files used in Rails

  • config/database.yml 
    default: &default
  adapter: sqlite3
  pool: <%= ENV.fetch("RAILS_MAX_THREADS") { 5 } %>
  timeout: 5000

development:
  <<: *default
  database: db/development.sqlite3

# Warning: The database defined as "test" will be erased and
# re-generated from your development database when you run "rake".
# Do not set this db to the same as development or production.
test:
  <<: *default
  database: db/test.sqlite3

production:
  <<: *default
  database: db/production.sqlite3
  • config/secrets.yml (Rails 4.1+) or config/secrets.yml.enc (Rails 5.1+)
    • You will get this error run Rails 6.1 with Ruby 3.1.0
    $ bin/rails s
=> Booting Puma
=> Rails 6.1.4.4 application starting in development
=> Run `bin/rails server --help` for more startup options
Exiting
/home/yahonda/.rbenv/versions/3.1.0-dev/lib/ruby/3.1.0/psych/visitors/to_ruby.rb:430:in `visit_Psych_Nodes_Alias': Unknown alias: default (Psych::BadAlias)
  • config/credentials.yml.enc

net-smtp, net-imap, net-pop are bundled gems

  • No need to add net-smtp, net-imap, net-pop gems manually for Rails 7.0.1+
  • If you need to use mail gem, add them explicitly in your Gemfile if you are running Rails 6.1 or lower with Ruby 3.1.
  • mikel/mail#1439
  • rails/rails#44083 has been merged to Rails main and backported to 7-0-stable branch.

Ruby 3.1 performance optimization

did_you_mean gem shows this deprecation at thor

  • Calling DidYouMean::SPELL_CHECKERS.merge!(error_name => spell_checker)' has been deprecated. Please call DidYouMean.correct_error(error_name, spell_checker)' instead.
  • thor v1.2.0 fixes it via rails/thor#761 .
  • Use thor v1.2.1 which fixes a regression.

Enjoy Ruby 3.1!

@ahangarha
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Please fix the date in this line:

Ruby 3.1 supports Class#subclasses only, Class#descendants has been removed on Dec 21, 2025.

It should be 2021

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