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Installing Debian Bullseye on a Metabox Alpha-S NP50HJ
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debian-bullseye-np50hj.md

Installing Debian Bullseye on a Metabox Alpha-S NP50HJ

  • CPU: 11th Gen Intel® 8 Core™ i7-11800H
  • GPU: NVIDIA GeForce RTX 3050
  • Wireless: Intel AX201 Dual Band WIFI/BTv5.1

Get CD image (11.1.0 non-free)

  1. Download checksum and signature files:

  2. Do a jigdo download:

    $ sudo apt install jigdo-file
$ jigdo-lite
$ # URL: https://cdimage.debian.org/cdimage/unofficial/non-free/cd-including-firmware/11.1.0+nonfree/amd64/jigdo-cd/firmware-11.1.0-amd64-netinst.jigdo
$ # Files to scan: NONE
$ # Debian mirror: DEFAULT <http://ftp.au.debian.org/debian/>

    This results in firmware-11.1.0-amd64-netinst.iso.

  3. Verify the image:

    $ gpg --keyserver hkps://keyserver.ubuntu.com --recv-key DF9B9C49EAA9298432589D76DA87E80D6294BE9B
gpg: key DA87E80D6294BE9B: public key "Debian CD signing key <debian-cd@lists.debian.org>" imported
gpg: Total number processed: 1
gpg:               imported: 1
    $ gpg --verify SHA256SUMS.sign SHA256SUMS
gpg: Signature made Sun 10 Oct 2021 05:22:44 AWST
gpg:                using RSA key DF9B9C49EAA9298432589D76DA87E80D6294BE9B
gpg: Good signature from "Debian CD signing key <debian-cd@lists.debian.org>" [unknown]
gpg: WARNING: This key is not certified with a trusted signature!
gpg:          There is no indication that the signature belongs to the owner.
Primary key fingerprint: DF9B 9C49 EAA9 2984 3258  9D76 DA87 E80D 6294 BE9B
    $ sha256sum firmware-11.1.0-amd64-netinst.iso 
baab78aa4dac175511915a20b095da69131ef5c84b73e637a6933c03b561cdfd  firmware-11.1.0-amd64-netinst.iso

    All good.

Put CD image onto a USB

  1. Use lsblk to check which disk is the USB (/dev/sdb in my case).

  2. Unmount the USB.

  3. Copy the image onto the USB (whole-disk device, NOT a partition).

    $ sudo cp firmware-11.1.0-amd64-netinst.iso /dev/sdb; sync

Install from the USB

  1. Hold F7
  2. Power on the laptop
  3. Choose to boot from the USB

Then on the Debian installer:

  1. Install
  2. Language: English
  3. Country: Australia
  4. Keyboard: American English
  5. Hostname: metabox
  6. Domain: example.com
  7. Root password: (none)
  8. User: Conway
  9. Username: conway
  10. Password: (nice try)
  11. State WA
  12. Partitioning: Guided encrypted
  13. Disk: /dev/nvme0n1
  14. Scheme: All files in one partition
  15. Write changes: Yes
  16. Partition size: max
  17. Mirror country: Australia
  18. Mirror: deb.debian.org
  19. Proxy: (none)
  20. Survey: No
  21. Software: Standard system utilities only

Then reboot.

Internet connection

Run ip l to determine the name of the ethernet/wireless device you want to use, then sudo dhclient <name>. In my case, enp2s0 for the ethernet.

Install a bunch of stuff

$ sudo apt install \
    network-manager \
    mate-desktop-environment-core \
      mate-power-manager \
      mate-utils \
      mate-screensaver \
    lightdm \
    tlp \
    p7zip-full \
    git \
    make \
    default-jdk \
    firefox-esr \
    pluma \
    atril \
      diffpdf \
    mtpaint \
    npm \
    texlive-full \
    fonts-noto-cjk \

Notes for Android Studio

  • After extracting android-studio-2020.3.1.26-linux.tar.gz, make sure the following are executable (using chmod +x):

    bin/studio.sh
bin/fsnotifier64
jre/bin/java

  • Ensure that whatever compileSdkVersion you have in the project gradle is actually installed in the SDK manager.

    For details, see "Could not create task ':app:minifyReleaseWithR8'. Cannot query the value of this provider because it has no value available" <https://stackoverflow.com/q/64459937>.

NVIDIA

From <https://wiki.debian.org/NVIDIA%20Optimus#Methods>:

[...]

To summarize the different approaches you can take that are supported in Debian:

  • Using PRIME Render Offload - Theoretically, with Debian 11 (or newer), special configuration shouldn't be needed and offloading should be available as soon as you've installed the proprietary drivers, at least as far as the internal screen and any display outputs wired to the onboard GPU are concerned. Making this work with display outputs that are wired to the discrete GPU requires some manual configuration. See the relevant section for more details.
  • [...]

From <https://wiki.debian.org/NVIDIA%20Optimus#PRIMEOffload>:

Using NVIDIA PRIME Render Offload

This method makes the most effective use of Optimus-capable hardware and is the recommended approach for any user who is willing to rely on the proprietary NVIDIA driver.

[...]

The only requirements are to install the proprietary drivers (As per the NvidiaGraphicsDrivers page) and then run your application with the __NV_PRIME_RENDER_OFFLOAD=1 environment variable set, and in some cases (e.g. for GLX applications), the __GLX_VENDOR_LIBRARY_NAME=nvidia environment variable set (or the __GLX_VENDOR_LIBRARY_NAME=nvidia-current environment variable, if it's installed an older driver).

[...]

<https://wiki.debian.org/NvidiaGraphicsDrivers#nvidia-detect> recommends using the nvidia-detect script (from the non-free nvidia-detect package). Therefore we do the following:

$ sudo apt install nvidia-detect

$ nvidia-detect
Detected NVIDIA GPUs:
01:00.0 VGA compatible controller [0300]: NVIDIA Corporation GA107 [10de:25a2] (rev a1)

Checking card:  NVIDIA Corporation GA107 (rev a1)
Your card is supported by the default drivers.
Your card is also supported by the Tesla 460 drivers series.
It is recommended to install the
    nvidia-driver
package.

$ sudo apt install nvidia-driver

Then reboot. Anecdotally this improves the battery life by about 20%.

Signal Desktop

From <https://signal.org/download/>:

# NOTE: These instructions only work for 64 bit Debian-based
# Linux distributions such as Ubuntu, Mint etc.

# 1. Install our official public software signing key
wget -O- https://updates.signal.org/desktop/apt/keys.asc | gpg --dearmor > signal-desktop-keyring.gpg
cat signal-desktop-keyring.gpg | sudo tee -a /usr/share/keyrings/signal-desktop-keyring.gpg > /dev/null

# 2. Add our repository to your list of repositories
echo 'deb [arch=amd64 signed-by=/usr/share/keyrings/signal-desktop-keyring.gpg] https://updates.signal.org/desktop/apt xenial main' |\
  sudo tee -a /etc/apt/sources.list.d/signal-xenial.list

# 3. Update your package database and install signal
sudo apt update && sudo apt install signal-desktop

Vivaldi

From <https://help.vivaldi.com/desktop/install-update/manual-setup-vivaldi-linux-repositories/>:

Import the public key (to allow for verification of the APT repository)–triple-click to select the entire line

wget -qO- https://repo.vivaldi.com/archive/linux_signing_key.pub | gpg --dearmor | sudo dd of=/usr/share/keyrings/vivaldi-browser.gpg

Add the repository–triple-click to select the entire line

echo "deb [signed-by=/usr/share/keyrings/vivaldi-browser.gpg arch=$(dpkg --print-architecture)] https://repo.vivaldi.com/archive/deb/ stable main" | sudo dd of=/etc/apt/sources.list.d/vivaldi-archive.list

Install Vivaldi

sudo apt update && sudo apt install vivaldi-stable
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