参考文档：https://nodejs.org/zh-cn/
使用nvm作为node.js版本管理工具
curl -o- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/creationix/nvm/v0.33.9/install.sh | bash
wget -qO- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/creationix/nvm/v0.33.9/install.sh | bash
脚本会把nvm仓库clone到家目录下的.nvm下，并且添加下面环境变量到你本地的profile下(~/.bash_profile, ~/.zshrc, ~/.profile, or ~/.bashrc).
export NVM_DIR="$HOME/.nvm"
[ -s "$NVM_DIR/nvm.sh" ] && \. "$NVM_DIR/nvm.sh" # This loads nvm
验证安装成功：
➜ ~ nvm --version
0.33.2
nvm install <version>
nvm list
nvm use <version>
nvm uninstall <version>
参考文档：https://yarn.bootcss.com/docs/install.html
安装成功后：
➜ ~ yarn --version
1.3.2
➜ ~ yarn config set registry https://registry.npm.taobao.org -g
➜ ~ yarn global add vue-cli
yarn global v1.3.2
[1/4] 🔍 Resolving packages...
[2/4] 🚚 Fetching packages...
[3/4] 🔗 Linking dependencies...
[4/4] 📃 Building fresh packages...
success Installed "vue-cli@2.9.3" with binaries:
- vue
- vue-init
- vue-list
✨ Done in 2.05s.
➜ ~ vue init webpack vue-demo
A newer version of vue-cli is available.
latest: 2.9.3
installed: 2.9.2
? Project name vue-demo
? Project description A Vue.js project
? Author ydhao <ydhao@clustertech.com>
? Vue build standalone
? Install vue-router? Yes
? Use ESLint to lint your code? Yes
? Pick an ESLint preset Standard
? Set up unit tests No
? Setup e2e tests with Nightwatch? No
? Should we run `npm install` for you after the project has been created? (recommended) yarn
vue-cli · Generated "vue-demo".
# Installing project dependencies ...
# ========================
yarn install v1.3.2
info No lockfile found.
[1/5] 🔍 Validating package.json...
[2/5] 🔍 Resolving packages...
[3/5] 🚚 Fetching packages...
[4/5] 🔗 Linking dependencies...
[5/5] 📃 Building fresh packages...
success Saved lockfile.
✨ Done in 40.69s.
Running eslint --fix to comply with chosen preset rules...
# ========================
yarn run v1.3.2
$ eslint --ext .js,.vue src --fix
✨ Done in 2.25s.
# Project initialization finished!
# ========================
To get started:
cd vue-demo
npm run dev
Documentation can be found at https://vuejs-templates.github.io/webpack
.
|-- build // 项目构建(webpack)相关代码
| |-- build.js // 生产环境构建代码
| |-- check-version.js // 检查node、npm等版本
| |-- utils.js // 构建工具相关
| |-- vue-loader.js // 处理.vue文件
| |-- webpack.base.conf.js // webpack基础配置
| |-- webpack.dev.conf.js // webpack开发环境配置
| |-- webpack.prod.conf.js // webpack生产环境配置
|-- config // 项目开发环境配置
| |-- dev.env.js // 开发环境变量
| |-- index.js // 项目一些配置变量
| |-- prod.env.js // 生产环境变量
|-- src // 源码目录
| |-- components // vue公共组件
| |-- store // vuex的状态管理
| |-- App.vue // 页面入口文件
| |-- router // 项目路由
| |-- main.js // 程序入口文件，加载各种公共组件
|-- static // 静态文件，比如一些图片，json数据等
|-- .babelrc // ES6语法编译配置
|-- .editorconfig // 定义代码格式
|-- .eslintrc.js // 定义Eslint规则
|-- .gitignore // git上传需要忽略的文件格式
|-- README.md // 项目说明
|-- index.html // 入口页面
|-- package.json // 项目基本信息
{
"name": "{{ name }}",// 项目名称
"version": "1.0.0",// 版本
"description": "{{ description }}",// 描述
"author": "{{ author }}",// 作者
"private": true,//是否私人项目
"scripts": {
"dev": "node build/dev-server.js",// npm run dev 的 dev，使用node执行 build/dev-server.js
"start": "node build/dev-server.js",// npm run start 跑的是同样的命令
"build": "node build/build.js"{{#unit}
},// npm run build 跑的是 node build/build.js
// 以下脚本为单元测试用到的脚本
"unit": "cross-env BABEL_ENV=test karma start test/unit/karma.conf.js --single-run"{{/unit}}{{#e2e}},
"e2e": "node test/e2e/runner.js"{{/e2e}}{{#if_or unit e2e}},
"test": "{{#unit}}npm run unit{{/unit}}{{#unit}}{{#e2e}} && {{/e2e}}{{/unit}}{{#e2e}}npm run e2e{{/e2e}}"{{/if_or}}{{#lint}},
"lint": "eslint --ext .js,.vue src{{#unit}} test/unit/specs{{/unit}}{{#e2e}} test/e2e/specs{{/e2e}}"{{/lint}} },
// dependencies 设定的是项目里使用的依赖，devDependencies设定的是开发使用的依赖
"dependencies": {
"vue": "^2.2.6"{{#router}},// 项目依赖vue.js
"vue-router": "^2.3.1"{{/router}}// 项目依赖vue-router
},
"devDependencies": {
"autoprefixer": "^6.7.2",// 是用于给css3属性自动加属性前缀的 // babel相关的都是用于处理es6语法的
"babel-core": "^6.22.1",
{{#lint}} "babel-eslint": "^7.1.1",
{{/lint}} "babel-loader": "^6.2.10",
"babel-plugin-transform-runtime": "^6.22.0",
"babel-preset-env": "^1.3.2",
"babel-preset-stage-2": "^6.22.0",
"babel-register": "^6.22.0", //
"chalk": "^1.1.3",// chalk适用于格式化输出命令行信息的，比如run dev以后的start...
"connect-history-api-fallback": "^1.3.0",//
"copy-webpack-plugin": "^4.0.1",//
"css-loader": "^0.28.0",// 所有的*-loader都是 webpack的扩展，webpack是把各种资源理解为一个模块，css-loader就是读取css模块的加载器
{{#lint}}
// eslint 是代码格式化检查工具，开启以后要严格遵照它规定的格式进行开发
"eslint": "^3.19.0",
"eslint-friendly-formatter": "^2.0.7",
"eslint-loader": "^1.7.1",
"eslint-plugin-html": "^2.0.0",
{{#if_eq lintConfig "standard"}} "eslint-config-standard": "^6.2.1",
"eslint-plugin-promise": "^3.4.0",
"eslint-plugin-standard": "^2.0.1",
{{/if_eq}} {{#if_eq lintConfig "airbnb"}} "eslint-config-airbnb-base": "^11.1.3",
"eslint-import-resolver-webpack": "^0.8.1",
"eslint-plugin-import": "^2.2.0",
{{/if_eq}} {{/lint}} "eventsource-polyfill": "^0.9.6",
"express": "^4.14.1",// express 用于启动 node http server的服务
"extract-text-webpack-plugin": "^2.0.0",
"file-loader": "^0.11.1",
"friendly-errors-webpack-plugin": "^1.1.3",
"html-webpack-plugin": "^2.28.0",// webpack 里载入和处理html的插件
"http-proxy-middleware": "^0.17.3",// node server 的中间件工具
"webpack-bundle-analyzer": "^2.2.1",
{{#unit}} "cross-env": "^4.0.0",// 设定环境变量的工具，NODE_ENV变量跟它有关
// karma相关的都是单元测试工具
"karma": "^1.4.1",
"karma-coverage": "^1.1.1",
"karma-mocha": "^1.3.0",
"karma-phantomjs-launcher": "^1.0.2",
"karma-phantomjs-shim": "^1.4.0",
"karma-sinon-chai": "^1.3.1",
"karma-sourcemap-loader": "^0.3.7",
"karma-spec-reporter": "0.0.30",
"karma-webpack": "^2.0.2",
"lolex": "^1.5.2",
"mocha": "^3.2.0",
"chai": "^3.5.0",
"sinon": "^2.1.0",
"sinon-chai": "^2.8.0",
"inject-loader": "^3.0.0",
"babel-plugin-istanbul": "^4.1.1",
"phantomjs-prebuilt": "^2.1.14",
{{/unit}} {{#e2e}} "chromedriver": "^2.27.2",
"cross-spawn": "^5.0.1",
"nightwatch": "^0.9.12",
"selenium-server": "^3.0.1",
{{/e2e}} "semver": "^5.3.0",// 一个版本检查工具
"shelljs": "^0.7.6",// selljs是在node里跑shell命令的工具，比如‘rm -rf’ "opn": "^4.0.2",
// 跨平台的开启文件或者网页的工具
"optimize-css-assets-webpack-plugin": "^1.3.0",
"ora": "^1.2.0",// 命令行里自动运行的信息提示
"rimraf": "^2.6.0",// 跑shell命令 rm-rf 的工具
"url-loader": "^0.5.8", // 配合webpack的加载器
"vue-loader": "^11.3.4", // 配合webpack的加载器
"vue-style-loader": "^2.0.5", // 配合webpack的加载器
"vue-template-compiler": "^2.2.6", // vue-template-compiler，可能是配合离线版vue
// webpack相关的用于，把图片，*.vue, *.js, 这些组合成最终的项目，webpack-dev用于跑测试服务器
"webpack": "^2.3.3",
"webpack-dev-middleware": "^1.10.0",
"webpack-hot-middleware": "^2.18.0",
"webpack-merge": "^4.1.0" },
// 项目依赖的引擎版本
"engines": {
"node": ">= 4.0.0",
"npm": ">= 3.0.0"
},
"browserslist": [
"> 1%",
"last 2 versions",
"not ie <= 8"
]
}