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chapter4 of antlr4---Building a Calculator Using a Visitor
/***
* Excerpted from "The Definitive ANTLR 4 Reference",
* published by The Pragmatic Bookshelf.
* Copyrights apply to this code. It may not be used to create training material,
* courses, books, articles, and the like. Contact us if you are in doubt.
* We make no guarantees that this code is fit for any purpose.
* Visit http://www.pragmaticprogrammer.com/titles/tpantlr2 for more book information.
***/
import org.antlr.v4.runtime.*;
import org.antlr.v4.runtime.tree.ParseTree;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.InputStream;
public class Calc {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
String inputFile = null;
if ( args.length>0 ) inputFile = args[0];
InputStream is = System.in;
if ( inputFile!=null ) is = new FileInputStream(inputFile);
ANTLRInputStream input = new ANTLRInputStream(is);
LabeledExprLexer lexer = new LabeledExprLexer(input);
CommonTokenStream tokens = new CommonTokenStream(lexer);
LabeledExprParser parser = new LabeledExprParser(tokens);
ParseTree tree = parser.prog(); // parse
EvalVisitor eval = new EvalVisitor();
eval.visit(tree);
}
}
antlr4 -no-listener -visitor LabeledExpr.g4 # -visitor is required!!!
javac Calc.java LabeledExpr*.java
java Calc t.expr
#answer
# 193
# 17
# 9
/***
* Excerpted from "The Definitive ANTLR 4 Reference",
* published by The Pragmatic Bookshelf.
* Copyrights apply to this code. It may not be used to create training material,
* courses, books, articles, and the like. Contact us if you are in doubt.
* We make no guarantees that this code is fit for any purpose.
* Visit http://www.pragmaticprogrammer.com/titles/tpantlr2 for more book information.
***/
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
public class EvalVisitor extends LabeledExprBaseVisitor<Integer> {
/** "memory" for our calculator; variable/value pairs go here */
Map<String, Integer> memory = new HashMap<String, Integer>();
/** ID '=' expr NEWLINE */
@Override
public Integer visitAssign(LabeledExprParser.AssignContext ctx) {
String id = ctx.ID().getText(); // id is left-hand side of '='
int value = visit(ctx.expr()); // compute value of expression on right
memory.put(id, value); // store it in our memory
return value;
}
/** expr NEWLINE */
@Override
public Integer visitPrintExpr(LabeledExprParser.PrintExprContext ctx) {
Integer value = visit(ctx.expr()); // evaluate the expr child
System.out.println(value); // print the result
return 0; // return dummy value
}
/** INT */
@Override
public Integer visitInt(LabeledExprParser.IntContext ctx) {
return Integer.valueOf(ctx.INT().getText());
}
/** ID */
@Override
public Integer visitId(LabeledExprParser.IdContext ctx) {
String id = ctx.ID().getText();
if ( memory.containsKey(id) ) return memory.get(id);
return 0;
}
/** expr op=('*'|'/') expr */
@Override
public Integer visitMulDiv(LabeledExprParser.MulDivContext ctx) {
int left = visit(ctx.expr(0)); // get value of left subexpression
int right = visit(ctx.expr(1)); // get value of right subexpression
if ( ctx.op.getType() == LabeledExprParser.MUL ) return left * right;
return left / right; // must be DIV
}
/** expr op=('+'|'-') expr */
@Override
public Integer visitAddSub(LabeledExprParser.AddSubContext ctx) {
int left = visit(ctx.expr(0)); // get value of left subexpression
int right = visit(ctx.expr(1)); // get value of right subexpression
if ( ctx.op.getType() == LabeledExprParser.ADD ) return left + right;
return left - right; // must be SUB
}
/** '(' expr ')' */
@Override
public Integer visitParens(LabeledExprParser.ParensContext ctx) {
return visit(ctx.expr()); // return child expr's value
}
}
grammar LabeledExpr; // rename to distinguish from Expr.g4
prog: stat+ ;
stat: expr NEWLINE # printExpr
| ID '=' expr NEWLINE # assign
| NEWLINE # blank
;
expr: expr op=('*'|'/') expr # MulDiv
| expr op=('+'|'-') expr # AddSub
| INT # int
| ID # id
| '(' expr ')' # parens
;
MUL : '*' ; // assigns token name to '*' used above in grammar
DIV : '/' ;
ADD : '+' ;
SUB : '-' ;
ID : [a-zA-Z]+ ; // match identifiers
INT : [0-9]+ ; // match integers
NEWLINE:'\r'? '\n' ; // return newlines to parser (is end-statement signal)
WS : [ \t]+ -> skip ; // toss out whitespace
193
a = 5
b = 6
a+b*2
(1+2)*3
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