Human Rights Protection Scores of USA and Germany

human-rights-protection-scores.R

## packages
library(ggplot2)
library(dplyr)
library(tidyr)
library(ggbraid)
library(colorspace)
library(owidR)
# plus ggtext via namespace


## data
rights <- owid("human-rights-protection")

rights_long <- 
  rights %>% 
  filter(code %in% c("USA", "DEU")) %>% 
  select(code, year, "rights" = `Human rights protection`)

rights_wide <- pivot_wider(rights_long, names_from = code, values_from = rights)


## fonts
systemfonts::register_variant(
  name = "Cabinet Grotesk S1 Regular",
  family = "Cabinet Grotesk",
  weight = "normal",
  features = systemfonts::font_feature(letters = "stylistic")
)

systemfonts::register_variant(
  name = "Cabinet Grotesk S1 ExtraBold",
  family = "Cabinet Grotesk",
  weight = "ultrabold",
  features = systemfonts::font_feature(letters = "stylistic")
)


## theme
theme_set(theme_minimal(base_size = 14, base_family = "Cabinet Grotesk S1 Regular"))
theme_update(
  plot.title = ggtext::element_textbox_simple(
    family = "Cabinet Grotesk S1 ExtraBold", size = 27,
    lineheight = .98, margin = margin(8, 0, 12, 0)
  ),
  plot.subtitle = ggtext::element_textbox_simple(
    size = 16.5, lineheight = 1.05, margin = margin(0, 0, 18, 0)
  ),
  plot.caption = element_text(
    size = 12, color = "grey40", hjust = 0, margin = margin(18, 0, 0, 0)
  ),
  plot.title.position = "plot",
  plot.caption.position = "plot",
  axis.text.x = element_text(
    family = "Tabular", size = 13, color = "grey28"
  ),
  axis.text.y = element_text(
    family = "Cabinet Grotesk S1 Regular", size = 16, color = "grey28",
    angle = 90, hjust = c(1, 0.5, 0)
  ),
  axis.ticks = ggplot2::element_line(color = "grey70", size = .4),
  axis.ticks.length = grid::unit(.3, "lines"),
  axis.ticks.y = element_blank(),
  panel.grid.major.x = ggplot2::element_line(color = "white", size = .8),
  panel.grid.major.y = element_blank(),
  panel.grid.minor = ggplot2::element_blank(),
  panel.background = ggplot2::element_rect(
    fill = "grey96", color = "white", size = .8
  ),
  plot.margin = margin(10, 20, 5, 5)
)


## titles
main <- "After catching up, the gap in the Latent Human Rights Protection Scores between the <span style='color:#9C4BFF;'>United States</span> and <span style='color:#28A87F;'>Germany</span> dramatically increased since 1999"
sub <- "The Latent Human Rights Protection Scores provides a measure focused on the protection of the physical integrity by taking into account torture, government killing, political imprisonment, extrajudicial executions, mass killings, and disappearances."
source <- "Data: Fariss, Kenwick & Reuning (2020) Latent Human Rights Protection Scores Version 4, doi: 10.7910/DVN/RQ85GK | via OurWorldInData"


## colors
colors <- c("#28A87F", "#9C4BFF")
fills <- desaturate(lighten(colors, .8), .3)


## visualization
ggplot() +
  geom_braid(
    data = rights_wide,
    aes(x = year, ymin = DEU, ymax = USA, fill = DEU < USA)
  ) +
  geom_vline(xintercept = 1999, linetype = "13", color  = "grey28") +
  geom_hline(yintercept = 0) +
  geom_braid(
    data = rights_wide, 
    aes(x = year, ymin = DEU, ymax = USA, fill = DEU < USA), 
    alpha = .8
  ) +
  geom_line(
    data = rights_long, 
    aes(x = year, y = rights, group = code), 
    color = "white", 
    size = 3.2
  ) +
  geom_line(
    data = rights_long, 
    aes(x = year, y = rights, color = code), 
    size = 1.2
  ) +
  annotate(
    geom = "text", 
    x = c(1959, 1983, 2012, 2017.7, 1998.7), 
    y = c(-.6, 2.45, 1.5, -.43, .7),
    label = c(
      "Until 1975, Germany\nalways scored higher\n than the United States", 
      "During the periods '75–'89 and '94/'95,\nthe United States even performed better", 
      "Germany takes\nthe lead again and\nthe gap increases", 
      "The United States\nfall below a score\nof 0 again in 2018", "1999"
    ),
    color = c(colors[c(1,2,1,2)], "grey28"), 
    size = c(rep(6, 4), 5), 
    hjust = c(.5, .5, .5, 1, 1),
    family = c(rep("Cabinet Grotesk S1 ExtraBold", 4), "Tabular"), 
    lineheight = .9
  ) +
  scale_x_continuous(
    breaks = c(1946, seq(1950, 2020, by = 5), 2019), 
    expand = c(0, 0)
  ) +
  scale_y_continuous(
    breaks = c(-.2, 0, .2), 
    labels = c("More abuse", "|", "More respect of human rights")
  ) +
  scale_color_manual(values = colors, guide = "none") +
  scale_fill_manual(values = fills, guide = "none") +
  labs(title = main, subtitle = sub, caption = source, x = NULL, y = NULL)

ggsave("rights.png", width = 13, height = 8, bg = "white", dpi = 300)

Link to the chart: https://vis.social/@CedScherer/109598438102004895