Implement dynamic delete or add tab(TAB_C in this test code). Initial Conditions: use Android Studio 2.3.2 create a new Project with a Tabbed Activity, and the Navigation style is Action Bar Tabs(with ViewPager).

gistfile1.txt

package com.zq.testviewpager;

import android.support.annotation.Nullable;
import android.support.design.widget.TabLayout;
import android.support.design.widget.FloatingActionButton;
import android.support.design.widget.Snackbar;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.support.v7.widget.Toolbar;

import android.support.v4.app.Fragment;
import android.support.v4.app.FragmentManager;
import android.support.v4.app.FragmentPagerAdapter;
import android.support.v4.view.ViewPager;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.Menu;
import android.view.MenuItem;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;

import android.widget.TextView;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Arrays;
/**
 * Created by z8888q@gmail.com on 2017/5/31.
 * Implement dynamic delete or add tab(TAB_C in this test code).
 * Initial Conditions: use Android Studio 2.3.2 create a new Project with a Tabbed Activity, and the Navigation style is Action Bar Tabs(with ViewPager).
 */
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    private static final int TAB_A = 1001;
    private static final int TAB_B = 1002;
    private static final int TAB_C = 1003;
    private static final int TAB_D = 1004;
    private static final int TAB_E = 1005;
    private Tab[] tabsArray = new Tab[]{new Tab(TAB_A, "A"),new Tab(TAB_B, "B"),new Tab(TAB_C, "C"),new Tab(TAB_D, "D"),new Tab(TAB_E, "E")};

    private ArrayList<Tab> mTabs = new ArrayList<>(Arrays.asList(tabsArray));

    private Tab[] tabsArray2 = new Tab[]{new Tab(TAB_A, "A"),new Tab(TAB_B, "B"),new Tab(TAB_D, "D"),new Tab(TAB_E, "E")};

    private ArrayList<Tab> mTabs2 = new ArrayList<>(Arrays.asList(tabsArray2));

    /**
     * The {@link android.support.v4.view.PagerAdapter} that will provide
     * fragments for each of the sections. We use a
     * {@link FragmentPagerAdapter} derivative, which will keep every
     * loaded fragment in memory. If this becomes too memory intensive, it
     * may be best to switch to a
     * {@link android.support.v4.app.FragmentStatePagerAdapter}.
     */
    private SectionsPagerAdapter mSectionsPagerAdapter;

    /**
     * The {@link ViewPager} that will host the section contents.
     */
    private ViewPager mViewPager;
    private TabLayout tabLayout;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

        Toolbar toolbar = (Toolbar) findViewById(R.id.toolbar);
        setSupportActionBar(toolbar);
        // Create the adapter that will return a fragment for each of the three
        // primary sections of the activity.
        mSectionsPagerAdapter = new SectionsPagerAdapter(mTabs, getSupportFragmentManager());

        // Set up the ViewPager with the sections adapter.
        mViewPager = (ViewPager) findViewById(R.id.container);
        mViewPager.setAdapter(mSectionsPagerAdapter);

        tabLayout = (TabLayout) findViewById(R.id.tabs);
        tabLayout.setupWithViewPager(mViewPager);

        FloatingActionButton fab = (FloatingActionButton) findViewById(R.id.fab);
        fab.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View view) {
                Snackbar.make(view, "Replace with your own action", Snackbar.LENGTH_LONG)
                        .setAction("Action", null).show();
            }
        });

    }


    @Override
    public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {
        // Inflate the menu; this adds items to the action bar if it is present.
        getMenuInflater().inflate(R.menu.menu_main, menu);
        return true;
    }

    @Override
    public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(MenuItem item) {
        // Handle action bar item clicks here. The action bar will
        // automatically handle clicks on the Home/Up button, so long
        // as you specify a parent activity in AndroidManifest.xml.
        int id = item.getItemId();

        //noinspection SimplifiableIfStatement
        if (id == R.id.action_settings) {
            return true;
        }else if (id == R.id.action_delete) {
            int currentItemPosition = mViewPager.getCurrentItem();
            Tab currentTab = mTabs.get(currentItemPosition);

            if(currentTab.id == TAB_C){
                currentTab = mTabs.get(currentItemPosition == 0 ? currentItemPosition +1 : currentItemPosition - 1);
            }

            mSectionsPagerAdapter = new SectionsPagerAdapter(mTabs2, getSupportFragmentManager());
            mViewPager.setAdapter(mSectionsPagerAdapter);
            tabLayout.setupWithViewPager(mViewPager);


            mViewPager.setCurrentItem(mTabs2.indexOf(currentTab), false);
            return true;
        }else if (id == R.id.action_add) {

            int currentItemPosition = mViewPager.getCurrentItem();
            Tab currentTab = mTabs2.get(currentItemPosition);

            mSectionsPagerAdapter = new SectionsPagerAdapter(mTabs, getSupportFragmentManager());
            mViewPager.setAdapter(mSectionsPagerAdapter);
            tabLayout.setupWithViewPager(mViewPager);

            mViewPager.setCurrentItem(mTabs.indexOf(currentTab), false);
            return true;
        }else

        return super.onOptionsItemSelected(item);
    }

    /**
     * A placeholder fragment containing a simple view.
     */
    public static class PlaceholderFragment extends Fragment {
        /**
         * The fragment argument representing the section number for this
         * fragment.
         */
        private static final String ARG_SECTION_NUMBER = "section_number";

        public PlaceholderFragment() {
        }

        /**
         * Returns a new instance of this fragment for the given section
         * number.
         */
        public static PlaceholderFragment newInstance(int sectionNumber) {
            PlaceholderFragment fragment = new PlaceholderFragment();
            Bundle args = new Bundle();
            args.putInt(ARG_SECTION_NUMBER, sectionNumber);
            fragment.setArguments(args);
            return fragment;
        }

        @Override
        public void onCreate(@Nullable Bundle savedInstanceState) {
            super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
            Log.e("TestViewPager", "onCreate"+getArguments().getInt(ARG_SECTION_NUMBER));
        }

        @Override
        public void onDestroy() {
            super.onDestroy();
            Log.e("TestViewPager", "onDestroy"+getArguments().getInt(ARG_SECTION_NUMBER));
        }

        @Override
        public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container,
                                 Bundle savedInstanceState) {
            View rootView = inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment_main, container, false);
            TextView textView = (TextView) rootView.findViewById(R.id.section_label);
            textView.setText(getString(R.string.section_format, getArguments().getInt(ARG_SECTION_NUMBER)));
            return rootView;
        }
    }

    /**
     * A {@link FragmentPagerAdapter} that returns a fragment corresponding to
     * one of the sections/tabs/pages.
     */
    public class SectionsPagerAdapter extends FragmentPagerAdapter {
        ArrayList<Tab> tabs;

        public SectionsPagerAdapter(ArrayList<Tab> tabs, FragmentManager fm) {
            super(fm);
            this.tabs = tabs;
        }

        @Override
        public Fragment getItem(int position) {
            // getItem is called to instantiate the fragment for the given page.
            // Return a PlaceholderFragment (defined as a static inner class below).
            return PlaceholderFragment.newInstance(tabs.get(position).id);
        }

        @Override
        public int getCount() {
            return tabs.size();
        }

        @Override
        public long getItemId(int position) {
            return tabs.get(position).id;
        }

        @Override
        public CharSequence getPageTitle(int position) {
            return tabs.get(position).title;
        }
    }

    private static class Tab {
        String title;
        public int id;

        Tab(int id, String title){
            this.id = id;
            this.title = title;
        }

        @Override
        public boolean equals(Object obj) {
            if(obj instanceof Tab){
                return ((Tab)obj).id == id;
            }else{
                return false;
            }
        }
    }
}