Comparison of Execution structs vs calldata arrays

ExecFunctionGasTest.t.sol

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
pragma solidity ^0.8.21;

import "forge-std/Test.sol";
import "forge-std/console2.sol";

struct Execution {
    // The target contract for account to execute.
    address target;
    // The value for the execution.
    uint256 value;
    // The call data for the execution.
    bytes data;
}

contract Target {
    uint256 value;

    function set(uint256 _val) external {
        value = _val;
    }
}

contract ExecGasTest {
    function executeSingle(address dest, uint256 value, bytes calldata func) external {
        dest.call{value: value}(func);
        console2.logBytes(msg.data);
    }

    function executeBatch(address[] calldata dest, uint256[] calldata value, bytes[] calldata func) external {
        uint256 length = dest.length;
        if (length == 0 || length != value.length || length != func.length) revert();
        for (uint256 i; i < length; i++) {
            dest[i].call{value: value[i]}(func[i]);
        }
        console2.logBytes(msg.data);
    }

    function execute6900(Execution calldata execution) external payable returns (bytes memory) {
        execution.target.call{value: execution.value}(execution.data);
        console2.logBytes(msg.data);
    }

    function executeBatch6900(Execution[] calldata executions) external payable returns (bytes[] memory) {
        uint256 len = executions.length;
        for (uint256 i; i < len; i++) {
            executions[i].target.call{value: executions[i].value}(executions[i].data);
        }
        console2.logBytes(msg.data);
    }
}

contract ExecFunctionGasTest is Test {
    ExecGasTest execGasTest;

    Target target;

    function setUp() public {
        execGasTest = new ExecGasTest();
        target = new Target();
    }

    function testGas() public {
        Execution memory execution =
            Execution({target: address(target), value: 0, data: abi.encodeCall(Target.set, 1337)});

        target.set(123);
        execGasTest.execute6900(execution);
        execGasTest.execute6900(execution);
        execGasTest.executeSingle(execution.target, execution.value, execution.data);
        execGasTest.executeSingle(execution.target, execution.value, execution.data);

        Execution[] memory executions = new Execution[](4);
        executions[0] = execution;
        executions[1] = execution;
        executions[2] = execution;
        executions[3] = execution;
        execGasTest.executeBatch6900(executions);
        execGasTest.executeBatch6900(executions);

        address[] memory dest = new address[](4);
        uint256[] memory value = new uint256[](4);
        bytes[] memory func = new bytes[](4);

        for (uint256 i; i < 4; i++) {
            dest[i] = execution.target;
            value[i] = execution.value;
            func[i] = execution.data;
        }

        execGasTest.executeBatch(dest, value, func);
        execGasTest.executeBatch(dest, value, func);
    }
}

gistfile1.txt

| executeSingle                                       | 2448    ✅
| execute6900                                         | 2825    🚨   
| executeBatch                                        | 8979    ✅      
| executeBatch6900                                    | 9873    🚨