Install Chrome, ChromeDriver and Selenium on Ubuntu 16.04

install.sh

#!/usr/bin/env bash
# https://developers.supportbee.com/blog/setting-up-cucumber-to-run-with-Chrome-on-Linux/
# https://gist.github.com/curtismcmullan/7be1a8c1c841a9d8db2c
# https://stackoverflow.com/questions/10792403/how-do-i-get-chrome-working-with-selenium-using-php-webdriver
# https://stackoverflow.com/questions/26133486/how-to-specify-binary-path-for-remote-chromedriver-in-codeception
# https://stackoverflow.com/questions/40262682/how-to-run-selenium-3-x-with-chrome-driver-through-terminal
# https://askubuntu.com/questions/760085/how-do-you-install-google-chrome-on-ubuntu-16-04

# Versions
CHROME_DRIVER_VERSION=`curl -sS https://chromedriver.storage.googleapis.com/LATEST_RELEASE`
SELENIUM_STANDALONE_VERSION=3.9.1
SELENIUM_SUBDIR=$(echo "$SELENIUM_STANDALONE_VERSION" | cut -d"." -f-2)

# Remove existing downloads and binaries so we can start from scratch.
sudo apt-get remove google-chrome-stable
rm ~/selenium-server-standalone-*.jar
rm ~/chromedriver_linux64.zip
sudo rm /usr/local/bin/chromedriver
sudo rm /usr/local/bin/selenium-server-standalone.jar

# Install dependencies.
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install -y unzip openjdk-8-jre-headless xvfb libxi6 libgconf-2-4

# Install Chrome.
sudo curl -sS -o - https://dl-ssl.google.com/linux/linux_signing_key.pub | apt-key add
sudo echo "deb https://dl.google.com/linux/chrome/deb/ stable main" >> /etc/apt/sources.list.d/google-chrome.list
sudo apt-get -y update
sudo apt-get -y install google-chrome-stable

# Install ChromeDriver.
wget -N https://chromedriver.storage.googleapis.com/$CHROME_DRIVER_VERSION/chromedriver_linux64.zip -P ~/
unzip ~/chromedriver_linux64.zip -d ~/
rm ~/chromedriver_linux64.zip
sudo mv -f ~/chromedriver /usr/local/bin/chromedriver
sudo chown root:root /usr/local/bin/chromedriver
sudo chmod 0755 /usr/local/bin/chromedriver

# Install Selenium.
wget -N https://selenium-release.storage.googleapis.com/$SELENIUM_SUBDIR/selenium-server-standalone-$SELENIUM_STANDALONE_VERSION.jar -P ~/
sudo mv -f ~/selenium-server-standalone-$SELENIUM_STANDALONE_VERSION.jar /usr/local/bin/selenium-server-standalone.jar
sudo chown root:root /usr/local/bin/selenium-server-standalone.jar
sudo chmod 0755 /usr/local/bin/selenium-server-standalone.jar

start-chrome.sh

#!/usr/bin/env bash

# Run Chrome via Selenium Server
start-chrome() {
    xvfb-run java -Dwebdriver.chrome.driver=/usr/local/bin/chromedriver -jar /usr/local/bin/selenium-server-standalone.jar
}

start-chrome-debug() {
    xvfb-run java -Dwebdriver.chrome.driver=/usr/local/bin/chromedriver -jar /usr/local/bin/selenium-server-standalone.jar -debug
}

# Run Chrome Headless
start-chrome-headless() {
    chromedriver --url-base=/wd/hub
}

# Start
# start-chrome
# start-chrome-debug
# start-chrome-headless

Dude, you are a lifesaver! Thank you!

update on version:
https://selenium-release.storage.googleapis.com/3.4/selenium-server-standalone-3.4.0.jar
https://chromedriver.storage.googleapis.com/2.29/chromedriver_linux64.zip

Thank you!

Taking into consider the following permission:

chown root:root /usr/local/share/chromedriver

Thank you so much!

I didn't have unzip installed. So i ran sudo apt-get install unzip. For everyone running into problems. :)

Thanks! I used different version of chromedriver and selenium and I noticed that the -debug option wasn't working on my setup, so I left it out.

Sweet!

Thank you guy, so much!

thank you

defiantly a Lifesaver!

Thank youuu !!!

Thank youuu

thank you

thank you

Thank you, i keep coming back for this

Hello, Thanks for sharing. I have added shared code in my project but I am facing below error;

Exception: unknown error: Chrome failed to start: exited normally
  (Driver info: chromedriver=2.20.353124 (035346203162d32c80f1dce587c8154a1efa0c3b),platform=Linux 4.4.0-89-generic x86_64) (WARNING: The server did not provide any stacktrace information)
Command duration or timeout: 60.04 seconds
Build info: version: '3.4.0', revision: 'unknown', time: 'unknown'
System info: host: 'a39f04d0b59d', ip: '172.17.0.4', os.name: 'Linux', os.arch: 'amd64', os.version: '4.4.0-89-generic', java.version: '1.8.0_131'

Thank you so muuch

Thanks!!

I am beginer, please noted me how to do step by step.

Anyone tested this on Ubuntu 14.04.5 LTS? Tried and no luck. Getting:
./start-chrome.sh: line 5: xvfb-run: command not found

any alternative to wget command when executing the shell on windows OS machine

@sarikabagga7
For unknown reasons it seems like your script is complaining with your current ChromeDriver 2.30
Uninstall the current ChromeDriver and # install latest version of ChromeDriver, in my case is 2.32.

I tried this using php-webdriver but I get following error:

PHP Fatal error:  Uncaught Facebook\WebDriver\Exception\WebDriverCurlException: Curl error thrown for http POST to /session with params: {"desiredCapabilities":{"browserName":"chrome","platform":"ANY","chromeOptions":{"binary":""}}}

Operation timed out after 30000 milliseconds with 0 bytes received in .../vendor/facebook/webdriver/lib/Remote/HttpCommandExecutor.php:286
Stack trace:
#0 /.../vendor/facebook/webdriver/lib/Remote/RemoteWebDriver.php(126): Facebook\WebDriver\Remote\HttpCommandExecutor->execute(Object(Facebook\WebDriver\Remote\WebDriverCommand))
#1 /.../test.php(16): Facebook\WebDriver\Remote\RemoteWebDriver::create('http://localhos...', Object(Facebook\WebDriver\Remote\DesiredCapabilities))
#2 {main}
  thrown in /.../vendor/facebook/webdriver/lib/Remote/HttpCommandExecutor.php on line 286

It seems that for some reason Chrome is unreachable. What could be the issue?

This works beautifully, thank you!

It works fine for me with chrome 61.0.3163.100, chromedriver 2.33 and selenium server standalone 2.53.1. Thank you..

thank you, works beautifully. I been trying getting this things to work for the last couple days now. Pulling my hair out. You are a life saver. Thankyou, Thankyou and Thankyou.

worked like a charm!

thanx!

Nice job, thank you!

I would added for start-chrome.sh
-Dwebdriver.chrome.whitelistedIps="localhost,127.0.0.1,192.168.*.*"

Thanks a lot!

Testing with Chrome Driver and getting these errors

Message: Test method SeleniumGridSmokeTest.UnitTest1.TestMethod1 threw exception: System.InvalidOperationException: Unable to create new service: ChromeDriverService Build info: version: '3.6.0', revision: '6fbf3ec767', time: '2017-09-27T16:15:40.131Z' System info: host: 'seleniumnode', ip: '10.0.0.9', os.name: 'Linux', os.arch: 'amd64', os.version: '4.4.0-97-generic', java.version: '1.8.0_151' Driver info: driver.version: unknown (InsecureCertificate)

wget -N https://dl.google.com/linux/direct/google-chrome-stable_current_amd64.deb -P ~/
sudo dpkg -i --force-depends ~/google-chrome-stable_current_amd64.deb
sudo apt-get -f install -y
sudo dpkg -i --force-depends ~/google-chrome-stable_current_amd64.deb

Why is that line, 'dpkg -i --force-depends' repeated twice? Can someone explain? Thanks.

@nobodyme Also ask me that ;)

Thanks, Man!! That was really helpful. (y)

Thanks a lot ziadoz!
Actually this gist solves two challenges for me: 1) Install Chrome driver fast, and 2) How to run Codeception acceptance tests headless via xvfb :-)

Just some minor things: I noticed:
xvfb-run java -Dwebdriver.chrome.driver=/usr/local/bin/chromedriver -jar /usr/local/bin/selenium-server-standalone.jar runs better for me with additional flag -a (after xvfb-run)

And Google Chrome install works better for me if line 27 looks like this:
sudo sh -c 'echo "deb [arch=amd64] http://dl.google.com/linux/chrome/deb/ stable main" >> /etc/apt/sources.list.d/google-chrome.list'

Where exactly do past the code for the start_chrome.sh file?

@matthewmuscat : you can call it by typing
source start-chrome.sh; start-chrome

Dude you are the best! Still working on ubuntu 16.04

Hi i followed your code and getting the below error, how can we fix it. please help me in resolving the issue

Starting ChromeDriver 2.29.461571 (8a88bbe0775e2a23afda0ceaf2ef7ee74e822cc5) on port 11458
Only local connections are allowed.
Exception in thread "main" org.openqa.selenium.WebDriverException: unknown error: Chrome failed to start: exited abnormally
(Driver info: chromedriver=2.29.461571 (8a88bbe0775e2a23afda0ceaf2ef7ee74e822cc5),platform=Linux 4.10.0-28-generic x86_64) (WARNING: The server did not provide any stacktrace information)
Command duration or timeout: 60.10 seconds

@mangena-dave I tried chromedriver with 2.32, 2.33, 2.29, 2.34 and many more still getting the same error, as below

Starting ChromeDriver 2.29.461571 (8a88bbe0775e2a23afda0ceaf2ef7ee74e822cc5) on port 11458
Only local connections are allowed.
Exception in thread "main" org.openqa.selenium.WebDriverException: unknown error: Chrome failed to start: exited abnormally
(Driver info: chromedriver=2.29.461571 (8a88bbe0775e2a23afda0ceaf2ef7ee74e822cc5),platform=Linux 4.10.0-28-generic x86_64) (WARNING: The server did not provide any stacktrace information)
Command duration or timeout: 60.10 seconds

Thanks for sharing! saved me!

Thanks,that is very helpful.

Thanks

If unknown error: Chrome failed to start: exited abnormally check if adding arg --no-sandbox to chrome options makes a difference.
Helped me at least.

capabilities:
 chromeOptions:
   args: [ "disable-infobars", "--no-sandbox" ]

this worked for me (need to update the download link):

set -e;

wget -N https://chromedriver.storage.googleapis.com/2.29/chromedriver_linux64.zip -P ~/
unzip ~/chromedriver_linux64.zip -d ~/
rm ~/chromedriver_linux64.zip

sudo mv -f ~/chromedriver /usr/local/bin/chromedriver
sudo chown root:root /usr/local/bin/chromedriver
sudo chmod 0755 /usr/local/bin/chromedriver

https://linux-tips.com/t/how-to-install-java-8-on-debian-jessie/349

You're calling sudo in the wrong place on a couple of lines:

sudo curl -sS -o - https://dl-ssl.google.com/linux/linux_signing_key.pub | apt-key add
should read:
curl -sS -o - https://dl-ssl.google.com/linux/linux_signing_key.pub | sudo apt-key add

sudo echo "deb http://dl.google.com/linux/chrome/deb/ stable main" >> /etc/apt/sources.list.d/google-chrome.list
should read:
echo "deb http://dl.google.com/linux/chrome/deb/ stable main" | sudo tee -a /etc/apt/sources.list.d/google-chrome.list

Thank you! Didn't work out as easy as for most others, but extremely helpful in succeeding with installation.

1. I have a fresh Ubuntu 16.04 installation and curl was not installed. So, at first,initiating the CHROME_DRIVER_VERSION variable would not work. Installed curl and that part was cured.
2. Everything went smoothly until installation of Chrome driver and Selenium. It was necessary to download them manually, as the script was not able to do that. Opening the http connection was successful, but finding the Chrome and Selenium versions resulted in 404 error.
3. However, manually downloading, unpacking , installing, moving around and granting rights was easy to do with these instructions. Great work, much appreciated!

EDIT:
After some testing things are not looking good. Firstly, you should mention that in addition to the installation script, Selenium needs to be installed within the python versions that you intend to use, i.e.
pip install selenium
pip3 install selenium

And while having a brand new Ubuntu 16.04 installation, its necessary to install pip, before you can run the two lines above
sudo apt-get install python-pip
sudo apt-get install python3-pip

And yet, after days of trial and error, there is some prognosis, but its still not working. Running following commands in python3:
from selenium import webdriver
driver = webdriver.Chrome('/usr/local/bin/chromedriver')
The second row reports an error after some 30
"......
File "/home/me/.local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/selenium/webdriver/remote/errorhandler.py", line 242, in check_response
raise exception_class(message, screen, stacktrace)
selenium.common.exceptions.WebDriverException: Message: chrome not reachable
(Driver info: chromedriver=2.37.543619 (a237acd3116cac3b3f0da42a000502ce3fafcb23),platform=Linux 4.13.0-37-generic x86_64)"

Clearly, Chrome cannot be found. I installed it using the above script, so obviously I'm missing something that I sholud fix in my environment.

EDIT --- SOLVED!!!
Well, as it so often happens you make some changes and suddenly everything works. I actually tried to open Chrome from the X and failed. It would not open...!!! So I thought that if I have Chromium open, then maybe Chrome doesn't start. I closed Chromium and started Chrome, with success.

Then, running the script worked like charm! Funnily, after that I tried and found out that I CAN have Chromium open, and still get the script working and Chrome opening, just like it should. So, I am not sure why it started working, but am really glad that it did.

You can also use yarn/npm to install (and update) the driver -
sudo yarn global add chromedriver --prefix /usr/bin
Run to install, and re-run to update when necessary.

EDIT 2 - I have created a docker image to automate the creation of an environment for this, and I've already started to build some notifications around it. Find it here if you want a easier way to get an environment up and running for this great library --

https://github.com/nshores/my_usps_notifications

EDIT I have resolved this. By default, getting a session with myusps.get_session will use PhantomJS. This behavior works in Windows, but not linux. You must manually specificfy Chrome as the webdriver to use in linux - IE myusps.get_session(username, password, driver='chrome') See issue here - happyleavesaoc/python-myusps#14

Major issues getting this running on Ubuntu LTS 16.04. Getting a timeout when trying to login.

raceback (most recent call last):
  File "/home/nshores/.local/lib/python3.5/site-packages/myusps/__init__.py", line 180, in _login
    WebDriverWait(driver, LOGIN_TIMEOUT).until(EC.title_is(WELCOME_TITLE))
  File "/home/nshores/.local/lib/python3.5/site-packages/selenium/webdriver/support/wait.py", line 80, in until
    raise TimeoutException(message, screen, stacktrace)
selenium.common.exceptions.TimeoutException: Message: 


During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
  File "/home/nshores/.local/lib/python3.5/site-packages/myusps/__init__.py", line 300, in get_session
    _login(session)
  File "/home/nshores/.local/lib/python3.5/site-packages/myusps/__init__.py", line 182, in _login
    raise USPSError('login failed')
myusps.USPSError: login failed

Tried a bunch of combinations of ChromeDrive, Google Chrome, and Selenium. My environment is --

Chrome - 65.0.333325.181
ChromeDriver -- 2.37
Latest Myusps Script
Python 3.5.2

I'm able to run this fine in windows. Just can't seem to narrow down the issue in Linux. Any ideas? This is very frustrating as I'm trying to work on getting a Docker image together for this project, as well as working on some notification modules to extend it out to Slack, etc.

This is great! Thank you 🙏

I already update my webdriver but when I run my script it always prompt this error.

WebDriverException: Message: disconnected: unable to connect to renderer
(Session info: chrome=65.0.3325.181)
(Driver info: chromedriver=2.31.488763 (092de99f48a300323ecf8c2a4e2e7cab51de5ba8),platform=Linux 4.13.0-37-generic x86_64)

Wonderful job. Thanks！

Lifesaver :)

Thanks so much! Lifesaver

Very helpful, thank you!

Thanks!

To those who got the following error:

Package google-chrome-stable is not available, but is referred to by another package.
This may mean that the package is missing, has been obsoleted, or
is only available from another source

E: Package 'google-chrome-stable' has no installation candidate

try this:

apt install chromium-browser

Life Saver !!

Thanks!

To those who got the following error:

Package google-chrome-stable is not available, but is referred to by another package.
This may mean that the package is missing, has been obsoleted, or
is only available from another source

E: Package 'google-chrome-stable' has no installation candidate

try this:

apt install chromium-browser

That helped! Thanks!

$ curl -sS -o - https://dl-ssl.google.com/linux/linux_signing_key.pub | apt-key add
gpg: can't open `': No such file or directory

Should be

$ curl -sS -o - https://dl-ssl.google.com/linux/linux_signing_key.pub | apt-key add -
OK

Oh, my God！！
Thank you so much！！！

Line 26 could be improved to:

sudo curl -sS -o - https://dl-ssl.google.com/linux/linux_signing_key.pub | sudo apt-key add .
Sudo apt-key add.

Line 27 might also not work:
sudo echo "deb http://dl.google.com/linux/chrome/deb/ stable main" >> /etc/apt/sources.list.d/google-chrome.list

What happens with the command is that echo is run as root, but not >>.

You could do it in two steps:

sudo -i

sudo echo "deb http://dl.google.com/linux/chrome/deb/ stable main" >> /etc/apt/sources.list.d/google-chrome.list

exit

Hey I am getting permission denied error : -bash: /etc/apt/sources.list.d/google-chrome.list: Permission denied
when I hit this command
sudo echo "deb http://dl.google.com/linux/chrome/deb/ stable main" >> /etc/apt/sources.list.d/google-chrome.list

Just wanted to let you guys know, that this is now working again when using the latest version of selenium.

nice work here... but I can not seem to gracefullyy tell selenium to release the terminal for me to run my tests... how do I do that... this is my command
sudo DISPLAY=:1 xvfb-run java -Dwebdriver.chrome.driver=/usr/bin/google-chrome -Dwebdriver.chrome.whitelistedIps="localhost,127.0.0.1,192.168.*.*" -jar selenium-server-standalone-3.13.0.jar -debug && npm run test-e2e

I'm new to use linux tell me how to install .sh files?

To install any ".sh" or ".bash" files, you have to do 2 things: 1. Make that file (we normally call it script) executable. To do this, you open your terminal and type this command: chmod +x install.sh 2. Then run the file as: ./install.sh Hope this is helpful. Let me know how it goes. Regards.

…

On Wed, 30 Oct 2019, 08:51 mobinalhassan, ***@***.***> wrote: I'm new to use linux tell me how to install .sh files? — You are receiving this because you commented. Reply to this email directly, view it on GitHub <https://gist.github.com/3e8ab7e944d02fe872c3454d17af31a5?email_source=notifications&email_token=ADPTFTOXOAZTVXRGXCU5LXDQREOFZA5CNFSM4IYVK3T2YY3PNVWWK3TUL52HS4DFVNDWS43UINXW23LFNZ2KUY3PNVWWK3TUL5UWJTQAF3LHE#gistcomment-3069554>, or unsubscribe <https://github.com/notifications/unsubscribe-auth/ADPTFTNMVA2ICBXH3OXABQDQREOFZANCNFSM4IYVK3TQ> .

Thank you my friend

Thank you!

when I'm executing this sudo curl -sS -o - https://dl-ssl.google.com/linux/linux_signing_key.pub | apt-key add
getting : This command can only be used by root.
I'm already in the root. Any suggestions?

When in root you do not need to run it with sudo.

…

On Wed, Feb 26, 2020 at 12:35 AM bolingbrook ***@***.***> wrote: when I'm executing this sudo curl -sS -o - https://dl-ssl.google.com/linux/linux_signing_key.pub | apt-key add getting : This command can only be used by root. I'm already in the root. Any suggestions? — You are receiving this because you commented. Reply to this email directly, view it on GitHub <https://gist.github.com/3e8ab7e944d02fe872c3454d17af31a5?email_source=notifications&email_token=ADPTFTO5AEMNG2VIJSCKCPDREWFL3A5CNFSM4IYVK3T2YY3PNVWWK3TUL52HS4DFVNDWS43UINXW23LFNZ2KUY3PNVWWK3TUL5UWJTQAGCU6O#gistcomment-3189223>, or unsubscribe <https://github.com/notifications/unsubscribe-auth/ADPTFTPBJNQM665FANDAXQDREWFL3ANCNFSM4IYVK3TQ> .

@davidmukiibi same result.

hi All,

I need to update my version of chromedriver in Ubuntu.

a) Updated version in /usr/bin/chromedriver

Then when running on my Jenkins it still using the old version installed 2.41

There are to place where from chromeDriver runs..
1:
which python
output will be (if you are using pycharm or anaconda)
/home/user/anaconda3/bin/python
so you need to put ChromeDrive file in this directory: /usr/local/bin
otherwise: /usr/bin
you can put ChromeDrive file manual to these path and I suggest to use (79.0) version
https://chromedriver.chromium.org/downloads

Thankyou :)

Thanks!

very nice, ty

Thank you!

Taking into consider the following permission:

chown root:root /usr/local/share/chromedriver

Hello catch this erorr all the time selenium.common.exceptions.WebDriverException: Message: unknown error: DevToolsActivePort file doesn't exist

-Dwebdriver.chrome.logfile=chrome.log parameter might be useful if you want to check the chrome logs:

xvfb-run java -Dwebdriver.chrome.logfile=chrome.log -Dwebdriver.chrome.driver=/usr/local/bin/chromedriver -jar /usr/local/bin/selenium-server-standalone.jar

this is a very good friend.

-Dwebdriver.chrome.logfile=chrome.log parameter might be useful if you want to check the chrome logs:

xvfb-run java -Dwebdriver.chrome.logfile=chrome.log -Dwebdriver.chrome.driver=/usr/local/bin/chromedriver -jar /usr/local/bin/selenium-server-standalone.jar

Thank you @SerheyDolgushev

You can get the latest version of selenium as following

SELENIUM_STANDALONE_JAR=`curl https://selenium-release.storage.googleapis.com | xq | jq 'last(.ListBucketResult|.Contents|.[]|.Key| select(test(".*selenium-server-standalone.*.jar")))`

wget -N https://selenium-release.storage.googleapis.com/$SELENIUM_STANDALONE_JAR -P ~/

Thank you!!

Very helpful, thanks!

GREAT JOB - HELPED US 5 minutes before 12 :) ... I'll share this article in my networks. ... thank you

Thank you so much man!!

Very grateful!)