CMCDragonkai/regular_expression_engine_comparison.md

## regular_expression_engine_comparison.md

      
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    Regular Expression Engine Comparison Chart

Many different applications claim to support regular expressions. But what does
that even mean?
Well there are lots of different regular expression engines, and they all have
different feature sets and different time-space efficiencies.
The information here is just copied from: http://regular-expressions.mobi/refflavors.html
But for some reason, it's not accessible unless you have a mobile phone user agent.
Go to the main site for lots of regular expression information and their commercial
product called RegexBuddy.
Regular Expression Flavors (Engines)


    JGsoft: This flavor is used by the Just Great Software products, including PowerGREP and EditPad Pro. 
    .NET: This flavor is used by programming languages based on the Microsoft .NET framework versions 1.x, 2.0 or 3.x. It is generally also the regex flavor used by applications developed in these programming languages. 
    Java: The regex flavor of the java.util.regex package, available in the Java 4 (JDK 1.4.x) and later. A few features were added in Java 5 (JDK 1.5.x) and Java 6 (JDK 1.6.x). It is generally also the regex flavor used by applications developed in Java. 
    Perl: The regex flavor used in the Perl programming language, versions 5.6 and 5.8. Versions prior to 5.6 do not support Unicode. 
    PCRE: The open source PCRE library. The feature set described here is available in PCRE 5.x and 6.x. PCRE is the regex engine used by the TPerlRegEx Delphi component and the RegularExrpessions and RegularExpressionsCore units in Delphi XE and C++Builder XE. 
    ECMA (JavaScript): The regular expression syntax defined in the 3rd edition of the ECMA-262 standard, which defines the scripting language commonly known as JavaScript. 
    Python: The regex flavor supported by Python's built-in re module. 
    Ruby: The regex flavor built into the Ruby programming language. 
    Tcl ARE: The regex flavor developed by Henry Spencer for the regexp command in Tcl 8.2 and 8.4, dubbed Advanced Regular Expressions. 
    POSIX BRE: Basic Regular Expressions as defined in the IEEE POSIX standard 1003.2. 
    POSIX ERE: Extended Regular Expressions as defined in the IEEE POSIX standard 1003.2. 
    GNU BRE: GNU Basic Regular Expressions, which are POSIX BRE with GNU extensions, used in the GNU implementations of classic UNIX tools. 
    GNU ERE: GNU Extended Regular Expressions, which are POSIX ERE with GNU extensions, used in the GNU implementations of classic UNIX tools. 
    XML: The regular expression flavor defined in the XML Schema standard. 
    XPath: The regular expression flavor defined in the XQuery 1.0 and XPath 2.0 Functions and Operators standard. 

Applications Implementing a Regular Expression Flavor


    AceText: Version 2 and later use the JGsoft engine. Version 1 did not support regular expressions at all. 
    awk: The awk UNIX tool and programming language uses POSIX ERE. 
    C#: As a .NET programming language, C# can use the System.Text.RegularExpressions classes, listed as ".NET" below. 
    Delphi for .NET: As a .NET programming language, the .NET version of Delphi can use the System.Text.RegularExpressions classes, listed as ".NET" below. 
    Delphi for Win32: Delphi for Win32 does not have built-in regular expression support. Many free PCRE wrappers are available. 
    EditPad Pro: Version 6 and later use the JGsoft engine. Earlier versions used PCRE, without Unicode support. 
    egrep: The traditional UNIX egrep command uses the "POSIX ERE" flavor, though not all implementations fully adhere to the standard. Linux usually ships with the GNU implementation, which use "GNU ERE". 
    grep: The traditional UNIX grep command uses the "POSIX BRE" flavor, though not all implementations fully adhere to the standard. Linux usually ships with the GNU implementation, which use "GNU BRE". 
    Emacs: The GNU implementation of this classic UNIX text editor uses the "GNU ERE" flavor, except that POSIX classes, collations and equivalences are not supported. 
    Java: The regex flavor of the java.util.regex package is listed as "Java" in the table below. 
    JavaScript: JavaScript's regex flavor is listed as "ECMA" in the table below. 
    MySQL: MySQL uses POSIX Extended Regular Expressions, listed as "POSIX ERE" in the table below. 
    Oracle: Oracle Database 10g implements POSIX Extended Regular Expressions, listed as "POSIX ERE" in the table below. Oracle supports backreferences \1 through \9, though these are not part of the POSIX ERE standard. 
    Perl: Perl's regex flavor is listed as "Perl" in the table below. 
    PHP: PHP's ereg functions implement the "POSIX ERE" flavor, while the preg functions implement the "PCRE" flavor. 
    PostgreSQL: PostgreSQL 7.4 and later uses Henry Spencer's "Advanced Regular Expressions" flavor, listed as "Tcl ARE" in the table below. Earlier versions used POSIX Extended Regular Expressions, listed as POSIX ERE. 
    PowerGREP: Version 3 and later use the JGsoft engine. Earlier versions used PCRE, without Unicode support. 
    PowerShell: PowerShell's built-in -match and -replace operators use the .NET regex flavor. PowerShell can also use the System.Text.RegularExpressions classes directly. 
    Python: Python's regex flavor is listed as "Python" in the table below. 
    R: The regular expression functions in the R language for statistical programming use either the POSIX ERE flavor (default), the PCRE flavor (perl = true) or the POSIX BRE flavor (perl = false, extended = false). 
    REALbasic: REALbasic's RegEx class is a wrapper around PCRE. 
    RegexBuddy: Version 3 and later use a special version of the JGsoft engine that emulates all the regular expression flavors in this comparison. Version 2 supported the JGsoft regex flavor only. Version 1 used PCRE, without Unicode support. 
    Ruby: Ruby's regex flavor is listed as "Ruby" in the table below. 
    sed: The sed UNIX tool uses POSIX BRE. Linux usually ships with the GNU implementation, which use "GNU BRE". 
    Tcl: Tcl's Advanced Regular Expression flavor, the default flavor in Tcl 8.2 and later, is listed as "Tcl ARE" in the table below. Tcl's Extended Regular Expression and Basic Regular Expression flavors are listed as "POSIX ERE" and "POSIX BRE" in the table below. 
    VBScript: VBScript's RegExp object uses the same regex flavor as JavaScript, which is listed as "ECMA" in the table below. 
    Visual Basic 6: Visual Basic 6 does not have built-in support for regular expressions, but can easily use the "Microsoft VBScript Regular Expressions 5.5" COM object, which implements the "ECMA" flavor listed below. 
    Visual Basic.NET: As a .NET programming language, VB.NET can use the System.Text.RegularExpressions classes, listed as ".NET" below. 
    wxWidgets: The wxRegEx class supports 3 flavors. wxRE_ADVANCED is the "Tcl ARE" flavor, wxRE_EXTENDED is "POSIX ERE" and wxRE_BASIC is "POSIX BRE". 
    XML Schema: The XML Schema regular expression flavor is listed as "XML" in the table below. 
    XPath: The regex flavor used by XPath functions is listed as "XPath" in the table below. 
    XQuery: The regex flavor used by XQuery functions is listed as "XPath" in the table below. 

Feature Comparison


        Characters
    
    
        Feature
        JGsoft
        .NET
        Java
        Perl
        PCRE
        ECMA
        Python
        Ruby
        Tcl ARE
        POSIX BRE
        POSIX ERE
        GNU BRE
        GNU ERE
        XML
        XPath
    
    
        Backslash escapes one metacharacter
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
    
    
        \Q...\E escapes a string of metacharacters
        YES
        no
        Java 6
        YES
        YES
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
    
    
        \x00 through \xFF (ASCII character)
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
    
    
        \n (LF), \r (CR) and \t (tab)
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        no
        no
        no
        no
        YES
        YES
    
    
        \f (form feed) and \v (vtab)
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
    
    
        \a (bell)
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        no
        YES
        YES
        YES
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
    
    
        \e (escape)
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        no
        no
        YES
        YES
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
    
    
        \b (backspace) and \B (backslash)
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        YES
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
    
    
        \cA through \cZ (control character)
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        no
        no
        YES
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
    
    
        \ca through \cz (control character)
        YES
        YES
        no
        YES
        YES
        YES
        no
        no
        YES
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
    
    
        Character Classes or Character Sets [abc]
    
    
        Feature
        JGsoft
        .NET
        Java
        Perl
        PCRE
        ECMA
        Python
        Ruby
        Tcl ARE
        POSIX BRE
        POSIX ERE
        GNU BRE
        GNU ERE
        XML
        XPath
    
    
        [abc] character class
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
    
    
        [^abc] negated character class
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
    
    
        [a-z] character class range
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
    
    
        Hyphen in [\d-z] is a literal
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
    
    
        Hyphen in [a-\d] is a literal
        YES
        no
        no
        no
        YES
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
    
    
        Backslash escapes one character class metacharacter
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        no
        no
        no
        no
        YES
        YES
    
    
        \Q...\E escapes a string of character class metacharacters
        YES
        no
        Java 6
        YES
        YES
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
    
    
        \d shorthand for digits
        YES
        YES
        ascii
        YES
        ascii
        ascii
        option
        ascii
        YES
        no
        no
        no
        no
        YES
        YES
    
    
        \w shorthand for word characters
        YES
        YES
        ascii
        YES
        ascii
        ascii
        option
        ascii
        YES
        no
        no
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
    
    
        \s shorthand for whitespace
        YES
        YES
        ascii
        YES
        ascii
        YES
        option
        ascii
        YES
        no
        no
        YES
        YES
        ascii
        ascii
    
    
        \D, \W and \S shorthand negated character classes
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        no
        no
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
    
    
        [\b] backspace
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
    
    
        Dot
    
    
        Feature
        JGsoft
        .NET
        Java
        Perl
        PCRE
        ECMA
        Python
        Ruby
        Tcl ARE
        POSIX BRE
        POSIX ERE
        GNU BRE
        GNU ERE
        XML
        XPath
    
    
        . (dot; any character except line break)
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
    
    
        Anchors
    
    
        Feature
        JGsoft
        .NET
        Java
        Perl
        PCRE
        ECMA
        Python
        Ruby
        Tcl ARE
        POSIX BRE
        POSIX ERE
        GNU BRE
        GNU ERE
        XML
        XPath
    
    
        ^ (start of string/line)
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        no
        YES
    
    
        $ (end of string/line)
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        no
        YES
    
    
        \A (start of string)
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        no
        YES
        YES
        YES
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
    
    
        \Z (end of string, before final line break)
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        no
        no
        YES
        YES
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
    
    
        \z (end of string)
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        no
        \Z
        YES
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
    
    
        \` (start of string)
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        YES
        YES
        no
        no
    
    
        \' (end of string)
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        YES
        YES
        no
        no
    
    
        Word Boundaries
    
    
        Feature
        JGsoft
        .NET
        Java
        Perl
        PCRE
        ECMA
        Python
        Ruby
        Tcl ARE
        POSIX BRE
        POSIX ERE
        GNU BRE
        GNU ERE
        XML
        XPath
    
    
        \b (at the beginning or end of a word)
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        ascii
        ascii
        option
        ascii
        no
        no
        no
        YES
        YES
        no
        no
    
    
        \B (NOT at the beginning or end of a word)
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        ascii
        ascii
        option
        ascii
        no
        no
        no
        YES
        YES
        no
        no
    
    
        \y (at the beginning or end of a word)
        YES
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        YES
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
    
    
        \Y (NOT at the beginning or end of a word)
        YES
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        YES
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
    
    
        \m (at the beginning of a word)
        YES
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        YES
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
    
    
        \M (at the end of a word)
        YES
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        YES
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
    
    
        \< (at the beginning of a word)
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        YES
        YES
        no
        no
    
    
        \> (at the end of a word)
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        YES
        YES
        no
        no
    
    
        Alternation
    
    
        Feature
        JGsoft
        .NET
        Java
        Perl
        PCRE
        ECMA
        Python
        Ruby
        Tcl ARE
        POSIX BRE
        POSIX ERE
        GNU BRE
        GNU ERE
        XML
        XPath
    
    
        | (alternation)
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        no
        YES
        \|
        YES
        YES
        YES
    
    
        Quantifiers
    
    
        Feature
        JGsoft
        .NET
        Java
        Perl
        PCRE
        ECMA
        Python
        Ruby
        Tcl ARE
        POSIX BRE
        POSIX ERE
        GNU BRE
        GNU ERE
        XML
        XPath
    
    
        ? (0 or 1)
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        no
        YES
        \?
        YES
        YES
        YES
    
    
        * (0 or more)
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
    
    
        + (1 or more)
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        no
        YES
        \+
        YES
        YES
        YES
    
    
        {n} (exactly n)
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        \{n\}
        YES
        \{n\}
        YES
        YES
        YES
    
    
        {n,m} (between n and m)
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        \{n,m\}
        YES
        \{n,m\}
        YES
        YES
        YES
    
    
        {n,} (n or more)
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        \{n,\}
        YES
        \{n,\}
        YES
        YES
        YES
    
    
        ? after any of the above quantifiers to make it "lazy"
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        YES
    
    
        Grouping and Backreferences
    
    
        Feature
        JGsoft
        .NET
        Java
        Perl
        PCRE
        ECMA
        Python
        Ruby
        Tcl ARE
        POSIX BRE
        POSIX ERE
        GNU BRE
        GNU ERE
        XML
        XPath
    
    
        (regex) (numbered capturing group)
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        \( \)
        YES
        \( \)
        YES
        YES
        YES
    
    
        (?:regex) (non-capturing group)
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
    
    
        \1 through \9 (backreferences)
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        no
        YES
        YES
        no
        YES
    
    
        \10 through \99 (backreferences)
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        no
        n/a
        no
        no
        n/a
        YES
    
    
        Forward references \1 through \9
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        no
        no
        YES
        no
        no
        n/a
        no
        no
        n/a
        no
    
    
        Nested references \1 through \9
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        no
        YES
        no
        no
        n/a
        no
        no
        n/a
        no
    
    
        Backreferences non-existent groups are an error
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        no
        YES
        no
        YES
        YES
        n/a
        YES
        YES
        n/a
        YES
    
    
        Backreferences to failed groups also fail
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        no
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        n/a
        YES
        YES
        n/a
        YES
    
    
        Modifiers
    
    
        Feature
        JGsoft
        .NET
        Java
        Perl
        PCRE
        ECMA
        Python
        Ruby
        Tcl ARE
        POSIX BRE
        POSIX ERE
        GNU BRE
        GNU ERE
        XML
        XPath
    
    
        (?i) (case insensitive)
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        /i only
        YES
        YES
        YES
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        flag
    
    
        (?s) (dot matches newlines)
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        no
        YES
        (?m)
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        flag
    
    
        (?m) (^ and $ match at line breaks)
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        /m only
        YES
        always on
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        flag
    
    
        (?x) (free-spacing mode)
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        no
        YES
        YES
        YES
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        flag
    
    
        (?n) (explicit capture)
        YES
        YES
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
    
    
        (?-ismxn) (turn off mode modifiers)
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        no
        no
        YES
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
    
    
        (?ismxn:group) (mode modifiers local to group)
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        no
        no
        YES
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
    
    
        Atomic Grouping and Possessive Quantifiers
    
    
        Feature
        JGsoft
        .NET
        Java
        Perl
        PCRE
        ECMA
        Python
        Ruby
        Tcl ARE
        POSIX BRE
        POSIX ERE
        GNU BRE
        GNU ERE
        XML
        XPath
    
    
        (?>regex) (atomic group)
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        no
        no
        YES
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
    
    
        ?+, *+, ++ and {m,n}+ (possessive quantifiers)
        YES
        no
        YES
        no
        YES
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
    
    
        Lookaround
    
    
        Feature
        JGsoft
        .NET
        Java
        Perl
        PCRE
        ECMA
        Python
        Ruby
        Tcl ARE
        POSIX BRE
        POSIX ERE
        GNU BRE
        GNU ERE
        XML
        XPath
    
    
        (?=regex) (positive lookahead)
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
    
    
        (?!regex) (negative lookahead)
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
    
    
        (?<=text) (positive lookbehind)
        full regex
        full regex
        finite length
        fixed length
        fixed + alternation
        no
        fixed length
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
    
    
        (?<!text) (negative lookbehind)
        full regex
        full regex
        finite length
        fixed length
        fixed + alternation
        no
        fixed length
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
    
    
        Continuing from The Previous Match
    
    
        Feature
        JGsoft
        .NET
        Java
        Perl
        PCRE
        ECMA
        Python
        Ruby
        Tcl ARE
        POSIX BRE
        POSIX ERE
        GNU BRE
        GNU ERE
        XML
        XPath
    
    
        \G (start of match attempt)
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        no
        no
        YES
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
    
    
        Conditionals
    
    
        Feature
        JGsoft
        .NET
        Java
        Perl
        PCRE
        ECMA
        Python
        Ruby
        Tcl ARE
        POSIX BRE
        POSIX ERE
        GNU BRE
        GNU ERE
        XML
        XPath
    
    
        (?(?=regex)then|else) (using any lookaround)
        YES
        YES
        no
        YES
        YES
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
    
    
        (?(regex)then|else)
        no
        YES
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
    
    
        (?(1)then|else)
        YES
        YES
        no
        YES
        YES
        no
        YES
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
    
    
        (?(group)then|else)
        YES
        YES
        no
        no
        YES
        no
        YES
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
    
    
        Comments
    
    
        Feature
        JGsoft
        .NET
        Java
        Perl
        PCRE
        ECMA
        Python
        Ruby
        Tcl ARE
        POSIX BRE
        POSIX ERE
        GNU BRE
        GNU ERE
        XML
        XPath
    
    
        (?#comment)
        YES
        YES
        no
        YES
        YES
        no
        YES
        YES
        YES
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
    
    
        Free-Spacing Syntax
    
    
        Feature
        JGsoft
        .NET
        Java
        Perl
        PCRE
        ECMA
        Python
        Ruby
        Tcl ARE
        POSIX BRE
        POSIX ERE
        GNU BRE
        GNU ERE
        XML
        XPath
    
    
        Free-spacing syntax supported
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        no
        YES
        YES
        YES
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        YES
    
    
        Character class is a single token
        YES
        YES
        no
        YES
        YES
        n/a
        YES
        YES
        YES
        n/a
        n/a
        n/a
        n/a
        n/a
        YES
    
    
        # starts a comment
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        n/a
        YES
        YES
        YES
        n/a
        n/a
        n/a
        n/a
        n/a
        no
    
    
        Unicode Characters
    
    
        Feature
        JGsoft
        .NET
        Java
        Perl
        PCRE
        ECMA
        Python
        Ruby
        Tcl ARE
        POSIX BRE
        POSIX ERE
        GNU BRE
        GNU ERE
        XML
        XPath
    
    
        \X (Unicode grapheme)
        YES
        no
        no
        YES
        option
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
    
    
        \u0000 through \uFFFF (Unicode character)
        YES
        YES
        YES
        no
        no
        YES
        u"string"
        no
        YES
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
    
    
        \x{0} through \x{FFFF} (Unicode character)
        YES
        no
        no
        YES
        option
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
    
    
        Unicode Properties, Scripts and Blocks
    
    
        Feature
        JGsoft
        .NET
        Java
        Perl
        PCRE
        ECMA
        Python
        Ruby
        Tcl ARE
        POSIX BRE
        POSIX ERE
        GNU BRE
        GNU ERE
        XML
        XPath
    
    
        \pL through \pC (Unicode properties)
        YES
        no
        YES
        YES
        option
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
    
    
        \p{L} through \p{C} (Unicode properties)
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        option
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        YES
        YES
    
    
        \p{Lu} through \p{Cn} (Unicode property)
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        option
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        YES
        YES
    
    
        \p{L&} and \p{Letter&} (equivalent of [\p{Lu}\p{Ll}\p{Lt}] Unicode properties)
        YES
        no
        no
        YES
        option
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
    
    
        \p{IsL} through \p{IsC} (Unicode properties)
        YES
        no
        YES
        YES
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
    
    
        \p{IsLu} through \p{IsCn} (Unicode property)
        YES
        no
        YES
        YES
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
    
    
        \p{Letter} through \p{Other} (Unicode properties)
        YES
        no
        no
        YES
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
    
    
        \p{Lowercase_Letter} through \p{Not_Assigned} (Unicode property)
        YES
        no
        no
        YES
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
    
    
        \p{IsLetter} through \p{IsOther} (Unicode properties)
        YES
        no
        no
        YES
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
    
    
        \p{IsLowercase_Letter} through \p{IsNot_Assigned} (Unicode property)
        YES
        no
        no
        YES
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
    
    
        \p{Arabic} through \p{Yi} (Unicode script)
        YES
        no
        no
        YES
        option
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
    
    
        \p{IsArabic} through \p{IsYi} (Unicode script)
        YES
        no
        no
        YES
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
    
    
        \p{BasicLatin} through \p{Specials} (Unicode block)
        YES
        no
        no
        YES
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
    
    
        \p{InBasicLatin} through \p{InSpecials} (Unicode block)
        YES
        no
        YES
        YES
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
    
    
        \p{IsBasicLatin} through \p{IsSpecials} (Unicode block)
        YES
        YES
        no
        YES
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        YES
        YES
    
    
        Part between {} in all of the above is case insensitive
        YES
        no
        no
        YES
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
    
    
        Spaces, hyphens and underscores allowed in all long names listed above (e.g. BasicLatin can be written as Basic-Latin or Basic_Latin or Basic Latin)
        YES
        no
        Java 5
        YES
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
    
    
        \P (negated variants of all \p as listed above)
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        option
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        YES
        YES
    
    
        \p{^...} (negated variants of all \p{...} as listed above)
        YES
        no
        no
        YES
        option
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
    
    
        Named Capture and Backreferences
    
    
        Feature
        JGsoft
        .NET
        Java
        Perl
        PCRE
        ECMA
        Python
        Ruby
        Tcl ARE
        POSIX BRE
        POSIX ERE
        GNU BRE
        GNU ERE
        XML
        XPath
    
    
        (?<name>regex) (.NET-style named capturing group)
        YES
        YES
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
    
    
        (?'name'regex) (.NET-style named capturing group)
        YES
        YES
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
    
    
        \k<name> (.NET-style named backreference)
        YES
        YES
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
    
    
        \k'name' (.NET-style named backreference)
        YES
        YES
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
    
    
        (?P<name>regex) (Python-style named capturing group
        YES
        no
        no
        no
        YES
        no
        YES
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
    
    
        (?P=name) (Python-style named backreference)
        YES
        no
        no
        no
        YES
        no
        YES
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
    
    
        multiple capturing groups can have the same name
        YES
        YES
        n/a
        n/a
        no
        n/a
        no
        n/a
        n/a
        n/a
        n/a
        n/a
        n/a
        n/a
        n/a
    
    
        XML Character Classes
    
    
        Feature
        JGsoft
        .NET
        Java
        Perl
        PCRE
        ECMA
        Python
        Ruby
        Tcl ARE
        POSIX BRE
        POSIX ERE
        GNU BRE
        GNU ERE
        XML
        XPath
    
    
        \i, \I, \c and \C shorthand XML name character classes
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        YES
        YES
    
    
        [abc-[abc]] character class subtraction
        YES
        2.0
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        YES
        YES
    
    
        POSIX Bracket Expressions
    
    
        Feature
        JGsoft
        .NET
        Java
        Perl
        PCRE
        ECMA
        Python
        Ruby
        Tcl ARE
        POSIX BRE
        POSIX ERE
        GNU BRE
        GNU ERE
        XML
        XPath
    
    
        [:alpha:] POSIX character class
        YES
        no
        no
        YES
        ascii
        no
        no
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        no
        no
    
    
        \p{Alpha} POSIX character class
        YES
        no
        ascii
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
    
    
        \p{IsAlpha} POSIX character class
        YES
        no
        no
        YES
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
    
    
        [.span-ll.] POSIX collation sequence
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        no
        no
    
    
        [=x=] POSIX character equivalence
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        no
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        YES
        no
        no
Characters
Feature	JGsoft	.NET	Java	Perl	PCRE	ECMA	Python	Ruby	Tcl ARE	POSIX BRE	POSIX ERE	GNU BRE	GNU ERE	XML	XPath
Backslash escapes one metacharacter	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES
\Q...\E escapes a string of metacharacters	YES	no	Java 6	YES	YES	no	no	no	no	no	no	no	no	no	no
\x00 through \xFF (ASCII character)	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	no	no	no	no	no	no
\n (LF), \r (CR) and \t (tab)	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	no	no	no	no	YES	YES
\f (form feed) and \v (vtab)	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	no	no	no	no	no	no
\a (bell)	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	no	YES	YES	YES	no	no	no	no	no	no
\e (escape)	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	no	no	YES	YES	no	no	no	no	no	no
\b (backspace) and \B (backslash)	no	no	no	no	no	no	no	no	YES	no	no	no	no	no	no
\cA through \cZ (control character)	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	no	no	YES	no	no	no	no	no	no
\ca through \cz (control character)	YES	YES	no	YES	YES	YES	no	no	YES	no	no	no	no	no	no
Character Classes or Character Sets [abc]
Feature	JGsoft	.NET	Java	Perl	PCRE	ECMA	Python	Ruby	Tcl ARE	POSIX BRE	POSIX ERE	GNU BRE	GNU ERE	XML	XPath
[abc] character class	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES
[^abc] negated character class	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES
[a-z] character class range	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES
Hyphen in [\d-z] is a literal	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	no	no	no	no	no	no	no	no	no	no
Hyphen in [a-\d] is a literal	YES	no	no	no	YES	no	no	no	no	no	no	no	no	no	no
Backslash escapes one character class metacharacter	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	no	no	no	no	YES	YES
\Q...\E escapes a string of character class metacharacters	YES	no	Java 6	YES	YES	no	no	no	no	no	no	no	no	no	no
\d shorthand for digits	YES	YES	ascii	YES	ascii	ascii	option	ascii	YES	no	no	no	no	YES	YES
\w shorthand for word characters	YES	YES	ascii	YES	ascii	ascii	option	ascii	YES	no	no	YES	YES	YES	YES
\s shorthand for whitespace	YES	YES	ascii	YES	ascii	YES	option	ascii	YES	no	no	YES	YES	ascii	ascii
\D, \W and \S shorthand negated character classes	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	no	no	YES	YES	YES	YES
[\b] backspace	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	no	no	no	no	no	no
Dot
Feature	JGsoft	.NET	Java	Perl	PCRE	ECMA	Python	Ruby	Tcl ARE	POSIX BRE	POSIX ERE	GNU BRE	GNU ERE	XML	XPath
. (dot; any character except line break)	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES
Anchors
Feature	JGsoft	.NET	Java	Perl	PCRE	ECMA	Python	Ruby	Tcl ARE	POSIX BRE	POSIX ERE	GNU BRE	GNU ERE	XML	XPath
^ (start of string/line)	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	no	YES
$ (end of string/line)	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	no	YES
\A (start of string)	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	no	YES	YES	YES	no	no	no	no	no	no
\Z (end of string, before final line break)	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	no	no	YES	YES	no	no	no	no	no	no
\z (end of string)	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	no	\Z	YES	no	no	no	no	no	no	no
\` (start of string)	no	no	no	no	no	no	no	no	no	no	no	YES	YES	no	no
\' (end of string)	no	no	no	no	no	no	no	no	no	no	no	YES	YES	no	no
Word Boundaries
Feature	JGsoft	.NET	Java	Perl	PCRE	ECMA	Python	Ruby	Tcl ARE	POSIX BRE	POSIX ERE	GNU BRE	GNU ERE	XML	XPath
\b (at the beginning or end of a word)	YES	YES	YES	YES	ascii	ascii	option	ascii	no	no	no	YES	YES	no	no
\B (NOT at the beginning or end of a word)	YES	YES	YES	YES	ascii	ascii	option	ascii	no	no	no	YES	YES	no	no
\y (at the beginning or end of a word)	YES	no	no	no	no	no	no	no	YES	no	no	no	no	no	no
\Y (NOT at the beginning or end of a word)	YES	no	no	no	no	no	no	no	YES	no	no	no	no	no	no
\m (at the beginning of a word)	YES	no	no	no	no	no	no	no	YES	no	no	no	no	no	no
\M (at the end of a word)	YES	no	no	no	no	no	no	no	YES	no	no	no	no	no	no
\< (at the beginning of a word)	no	no	no	no	no	no	no	no	no	no	no	YES	YES	no	no
\> (at the end of a word)	no	no	no	no	no	no	no	no	no	no	no	YES	YES	no	no
Alternation
Feature	JGsoft	.NET	Java	Perl	PCRE	ECMA	Python	Ruby	Tcl ARE	POSIX BRE	POSIX ERE	GNU BRE	GNU ERE	XML	XPath
\| (alternation)	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	no	YES	\\|	YES	YES	YES
Quantifiers
Feature	JGsoft	.NET	Java	Perl	PCRE	ECMA	Python	Ruby	Tcl ARE	POSIX BRE	POSIX ERE	GNU BRE	GNU ERE	XML	XPath
? (0 or 1)	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	no	YES	\?	YES	YES	YES
* (0 or more)	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES
+ (1 or more)	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	no	YES	\+	YES	YES	YES
{n} (exactly n)	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	\{n\}	YES	\{n\}	YES	YES	YES
{n,m} (between n and m)	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	\{n,m\}	YES	\{n,m\}	YES	YES	YES
{n,} (n or more)	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	\{n,\}	YES	\{n,\}	YES	YES	YES
? after any of the above quantifiers to make it "lazy"	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	no	no	no	no	no	YES
Grouping and Backreferences
Feature	JGsoft	.NET	Java	Perl	PCRE	ECMA	Python	Ruby	Tcl ARE	POSIX BRE	POSIX ERE	GNU BRE	GNU ERE	XML	XPath
(regex) (numbered capturing group)	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	\( \)	YES	\( \)	YES	YES	YES
(?:regex) (non-capturing group)	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	no	no	no	no	no	no
\1 through \9 (backreferences)	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	no	YES	YES	no	YES
\10 through \99 (backreferences)	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	no	n/a	no	no	n/a	YES
Forward references \1 through \9	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	no	no	YES	no	no	n/a	no	no	n/a	no
Nested references \1 through \9	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	no	YES	no	no	n/a	no	no	n/a	no
Backreferences non-existent groups are an error	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	no	YES	no	YES	YES	n/a	YES	YES	n/a	YES
Backreferences to failed groups also fail	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	no	YES	YES	YES	YES	n/a	YES	YES	n/a	YES
Modifiers
Feature	JGsoft	.NET	Java	Perl	PCRE	ECMA	Python	Ruby	Tcl ARE	POSIX BRE	POSIX ERE	GNU BRE	GNU ERE	XML	XPath
(?i) (case insensitive)	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	/i only	YES	YES	YES	no	no	no	no	no	flag
(?s) (dot matches newlines)	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	no	YES	(?m)	no	no	no	no	no	no	flag
(?m) (^ and $ match at line breaks)	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	/m only	YES	always on	no	no	no	no	no	no	flag
(?x) (free-spacing mode)	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	no	YES	YES	YES	no	no	no	no	no	flag
(?n) (explicit capture)	YES	YES	no	no	no	no	no	no	no	no	no	no	no	no	no
(?-ismxn) (turn off mode modifiers)	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	no	no	YES	no	no	no	no	no	no	no
(?ismxn:group) (mode modifiers local to group)	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	no	no	YES	no	no	no	no	no	no	no
Atomic Grouping and Possessive Quantifiers
Feature	JGsoft	.NET	Java	Perl	PCRE	ECMA	Python	Ruby	Tcl ARE	POSIX BRE	POSIX ERE	GNU BRE	GNU ERE	XML	XPath
(?>regex) (atomic group)	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	no	no	YES	no	no	no	no	no	no	no
?+, *+, ++ and {m,n}+ (possessive quantifiers)	YES	no	YES	no	YES	no	no	no	no	no	no	no	no	no	no
Lookaround
Feature	JGsoft	.NET	Java	Perl	PCRE	ECMA	Python	Ruby	Tcl ARE	POSIX BRE	POSIX ERE	GNU BRE	GNU ERE	XML	XPath
(?=regex) (positive lookahead)	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	no	no	no	no	no	no
(?!regex) (negative lookahead)	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	no	no	no	no	no	no
(?<=text) (positive lookbehind)	full regex	full regex	finite length	fixed length	fixed + alternation	no	fixed length	no	no	no	no	no	no	no	no
(?<!text) (negative lookbehind)	full regex	full regex	finite length	fixed length	fixed + alternation	no	fixed length	no	no	no	no	no	no	no	no
Continuing from The Previous Match
Feature	JGsoft	.NET	Java	Perl	PCRE	ECMA	Python	Ruby	Tcl ARE	POSIX BRE	POSIX ERE	GNU BRE	GNU ERE	XML	XPath
\G (start of match attempt)	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	no	no	YES	no	no	no	no	no	no	no
Conditionals
Feature	JGsoft	.NET	Java	Perl	PCRE	ECMA	Python	Ruby	Tcl ARE	POSIX BRE	POSIX ERE	GNU BRE	GNU ERE	XML	XPath
(?(?=regex)then\|else) (using any lookaround)	YES	YES	no	YES	YES	no	no	no	no	no	no	no	no	no	no
(?(regex)then\|else)	no	YES	no	no	no	no	no	no	no	no	no	no	no	no	no
(?(1)then\|else)	YES	YES	no	YES	YES	no	YES	no	no	no	no	no	no	no	no
(?(group)then\|else)	YES	YES	no	no	YES	no	YES	no	no	no	no	no	no	no	no
Comments
Feature	JGsoft	.NET	Java	Perl	PCRE	ECMA	Python	Ruby	Tcl ARE	POSIX BRE	POSIX ERE	GNU BRE	GNU ERE	XML	XPath
(?#comment)	YES	YES	no	YES	YES	no	YES	YES	YES	no	no	no	no	no	no
Free-Spacing Syntax
Feature	JGsoft	.NET	Java	Perl	PCRE	ECMA	Python	Ruby	Tcl ARE	POSIX BRE	POSIX ERE	GNU BRE	GNU ERE	XML	XPath
Free-spacing syntax supported	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	no	YES	YES	YES	no	no	no	no	no	YES
Character class is a single token	YES	YES	no	YES	YES	n/a	YES	YES	YES	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	YES
# starts a comment	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	n/a	YES	YES	YES	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	no
Unicode Characters
Feature	JGsoft	.NET	Java	Perl	PCRE	ECMA	Python	Ruby	Tcl ARE	POSIX BRE	POSIX ERE	GNU BRE	GNU ERE	XML	XPath
\X (Unicode grapheme)	YES	no	no	YES	option	no	no	no	no	no	no	no	no	no	no
\u0000 through \uFFFF (Unicode character)	YES	YES	YES	no	no	YES	u"string"	no	YES	no	no	no	no	no	no
\x{0} through \x{FFFF} (Unicode character)	YES	no	no	YES	option	no	no	no	no	no	no	no	no	no	no
Unicode Properties, Scripts and Blocks
Feature	JGsoft	.NET	Java	Perl	PCRE	ECMA	Python	Ruby	Tcl ARE	POSIX BRE	POSIX ERE	GNU BRE	GNU ERE	XML	XPath
\pL through \pC (Unicode properties)	YES	no	YES	YES	option	no	no	no	no	no	no	no	no	no	no
\p{L} through \p{C} (Unicode properties)	YES	YES	YES	YES	option	no	no	no	no	no	no	no	no	YES	YES
\p{Lu} through \p{Cn} (Unicode property)	YES	YES	YES	YES	option	no	no	no	no	no	no	no	no	YES	YES
\p{L&} and \p{Letter&} (equivalent of [\p{Lu}\p{Ll}\p{Lt}] Unicode properties)	YES	no	no	YES	option	no	no	no	no	no	no	no	no	no	no
\p{IsL} through \p{IsC} (Unicode properties)	YES	no	YES	YES	no	no	no	no	no	no	no	no	no	no	no
\p{IsLu} through \p{IsCn} (Unicode property)	YES	no	YES	YES	no	no	no	no	no	no	no	no	no	no	no
\p{Letter} through \p{Other} (Unicode properties)	YES	no	no	YES	no	no	no	no	no	no	no	no	no	no	no
\p{Lowercase_Letter} through \p{Not_Assigned} (Unicode property)	YES	no	no	YES	no	no	no	no	no	no	no	no	no	no	no
\p{IsLetter} through \p{IsOther} (Unicode properties)	YES	no	no	YES	no	no	no	no	no	no	no	no	no	no	no
\p{IsLowercase_Letter} through \p{IsNot_Assigned} (Unicode property)	YES	no	no	YES	no	no	no	no	no	no	no	no	no	no	no
\p{Arabic} through \p{Yi} (Unicode script)	YES	no	no	YES	option	no	no	no	no	no	no	no	no	no	no
\p{IsArabic} through \p{IsYi} (Unicode script)	YES	no	no	YES	no	no	no	no	no	no	no	no	no	no	no
\p{BasicLatin} through \p{Specials} (Unicode block)	YES	no	no	YES	no	no	no	no	no	no	no	no	no	no	no
\p{InBasicLatin} through \p{InSpecials} (Unicode block)	YES	no	YES	YES	no	no	no	no	no	no	no	no	no	no	no
\p{IsBasicLatin} through \p{IsSpecials} (Unicode block)	YES	YES	no	YES	no	no	no	no	no	no	no	no	no	YES	YES
Part between {} in all of the above is case insensitive	YES	no	no	YES	no	no	no	no	no	no	no	no	no	no	no
Spaces, hyphens and underscores allowed in all long names listed above (e.g. BasicLatin can be written as Basic-Latin or Basic_Latin or Basic Latin)	YES	no	Java 5	YES	no	no	no	no	no	no	no	no	no	no	no
\P (negated variants of all \p as listed above)	YES	YES	YES	YES	option	no	no	no	no	no	no	no	no	YES	YES
\p{^...} (negated variants of all \p{...} as listed above)	YES	no	no	YES	option	no	no	no	no	no	no	no	no	no	no
Named Capture and Backreferences
Feature	JGsoft	.NET	Java	Perl	PCRE	ECMA	Python	Ruby	Tcl ARE	POSIX BRE	POSIX ERE	GNU BRE	GNU ERE	XML	XPath
(?<name>regex) (.NET-style named capturing group)	YES	YES	no	no	no	no	no	no	no	no	no	no	no	no	no
(?'name'regex) (.NET-style named capturing group)	YES	YES	no	no	no	no	no	no	no	no	no	no	no	no	no
\k<name> (.NET-style named backreference)	YES	YES	no	no	no	no	no	no	no	no	no	no	no	no	no
\k'name' (.NET-style named backreference)	YES	YES	no	no	no	no	no	no	no	no	no	no	no	no	no
(?P<name>regex) (Python-style named capturing group	YES	no	no	no	YES	no	YES	no	no	no	no	no	no	no	no
(?P=name) (Python-style named backreference)	YES	no	no	no	YES	no	YES	no	no	no	no	no	no	no	no
multiple capturing groups can have the same name	YES	YES	n/a	n/a	no	n/a	no	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
XML Character Classes
Feature	JGsoft	.NET	Java	Perl	PCRE	ECMA	Python	Ruby	Tcl ARE	POSIX BRE	POSIX ERE	GNU BRE	GNU ERE	XML	XPath
\i, \I, \c and \C shorthand XML name character classes	no	no	no	no	no	no	no	no	no	no	no	no	no	YES	YES
[abc-[abc]] character class subtraction	YES	2.0	no	no	no	no	no	no	no	no	no	no	no	YES	YES
POSIX Bracket Expressions
Feature	JGsoft	.NET	Java	Perl	PCRE	ECMA	Python	Ruby	Tcl ARE	POSIX BRE	POSIX ERE	GNU BRE	GNU ERE	XML	XPath
[:alpha:] POSIX character class	YES	no	no	YES	ascii	no	no	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	no	no
\p{Alpha} POSIX character class	YES	no	ascii	no	no	no	no	no	no	no	no	no	no	no	no
\p{IsAlpha} POSIX character class	YES	no	no	YES	no	no	no	no	no	no	no	no	no	no	no
[.span-ll.] POSIX collation sequence	no	no	no	no	no	no	no	no	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	no	no
[=x=] POSIX character equivalence	no	no	no	no	no	no	no	no	YES	YES	YES	YES	YES	no	no