Caesar shift in JavaScript

gistfile1.js

/*

JavaScript Caesar shift
by Evan Hahn (evanhahn.com)

"Encrypt" like this:

    caesarShift('Attack at dawn!', 12);    // Returns "Mffmow mf pmiz!"

And "decrypt" like this:

    caesarShift('Mffmow mf pmiz!', -12);    // Returns "Attack at dawn!"

For simplicity, only works with ASCII characters.

* * * * * * * * * * * *

This is free and unencumbered software released into the public domain.

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*/

var caesarShift = function (str, amount) {
  // Wrap the amount
  if (amount < 0) {
    return caesarShift(str, amount + 26);
  }

  // Make an output variable
  var output = "";

  // Go through each character
  for (var i = 0; i < str.length; i++) {
    // Get the character we'll be appending
    var c = str[i];

    // If it's a letter...
    if (c.match(/[a-z]/i)) {
      // Get its code
      var code = str.charCodeAt(i);

      // Uppercase letters
      if (code >= 65 && code <= 90) {
        c = String.fromCharCode(((code - 65 + amount) % 26) + 65);
      }

      // Lowercase letters
      else if (code >= 97 && code <= 122) {
        c = String.fromCharCode(((code - 97 + amount) % 26) + 97);
      }
    }

    // Append
    output += c;
  }

  // All done!
  return output;
};

Thank you! I've been struggling a lot with this exercise. Your code is wonderfully clean and instructive, I managed to get mine working thanks to you!

1 line Caesar Cypher in ES6 using inbuilt Array.prototype.replace()
Console.log at every turn to understand the inner mechanism. Happy coding!

@mosemet, your solution works only with min characters, a more complete solution :

function shift(letter, k, code) {
    return String.fromCharCode(((letter.charCodeAt() - code + k) % 26) + code);
}

function caesarCipher(s, k) {
    return s.replace(/[a-z]/g, char => shift(char, k, 97)).replace(/[A-Z]/g, char => shift(char, k, 65));
}

-------------------------- OR --------------------------

function isCharacterAMinLetter(char) {
  return (/[a-z]/).test(char)
}

function isCharacterAMajLetter(char) {
  return (/[A-Z]/).test(char)
}

function shift(letter, k, code) {
   return String.fromCharCode(((letter.charCodeAt() - code + k) % 26) + code);
}

return s.replace(/[A-Za-z]/g, char => {
  // check if min letter
  if (isCharacterAMinLetter(char)) {
      return shift(char, k, 97);
  } 
  // check if maj letter
  else if (isCharacterAMajLetter(char)) {
      return shift(char, k, 65);
  }
});

It's working perfectly. Thanks Evan for the awesome solution!!!

function rotateAlphabet(text, noOfChars = 0){
    const n = noOfChars % text.length;
    return text.slice(n) + text.slice(0, n); 
}

function convertText(string, noOfChars = 0) {
    const alphabetLowercase         = 'abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz'
    const alphabetRotatedLowercase  = rotateAlphabet(alphabetLowercase, noOfChars)
    const alphabetUppercase         = alphabetLowercase.toUpperCase()
    const alphabetRotatedUppercase  = rotateAlphabet(alphabetUppercase, noOfChars)
    let arrayResult                 = []
    let index                       = 0
    
    for (let i = 0; i < string.length; i++) {
        // if character is NOT alphanumeric
        if (! /^[a-zA-Z]+$/.test(string[i])) {  
            arrayResult.push(string[i]) 
        } else if (string[i] == string[i].toLowerCase()) {
            // if character is lowercase
            index = (alphabetLowercase.indexOf(string[i]))
            arrayResult.push((alphabetRotatedLowercase[index]))  
        } else if (string[i] == string[i].toUpperCase()) {
            // else if character is uppercase
            index = (alphabetUppercase.indexOf(string[i]))
            arrayResult.push((alphabetRotatedUppercase[index])) 
        }
    }
    return arrayResult.join('')
}

@mosemet, your solution works only with min characters, a more complete solution :

function shift(letter, k, code) {
    return String.fromCharCode(((letter.charCodeAt() - code + k) % 26) + code);
}

function caesarCipher(s, k) {
    return s.replace(/[a-z]/g, char => shift(char, k, 97)).replace(/[A-Z]/g, char => shift(char, k, 65));
}

-------------------------- OR --------------------------

function isCharacterAMinLetter(char) {
  return (/[a-z]/).test(char)
}

function isCharacterAMajLetter(char) {
  return (/[A-Z]/).test(char)
}

function shift(letter, k, code) {
   return String.fromCharCode(((letter.charCodeAt() - code + k) % 26) + code);
}

return s.replace(/[A-Za-z]/g, char => {
  // check if min letter
  if (isCharacterAMinLetter(char)) {
      return shift(char, k, 97);
  } 
  // check if maj letter
  else if (isCharacterAMajLetter(char)) {
      return shift(char, k, 65);
  }
});

not safe to use, z will be decoded to ` instead of a