On many distros (in my case mint) firefox does not pick up fontconfig settings when you disable font antialiasing or mess with the hinting. Especially if it's statically linked to its own cairo instead of using the system's version.
This is easily fixed by creating a .fonts.conf file in your home directory that forces the desired hinting and antialiasing values:
cat > ~/.fonts.conf << "EOF"
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE fontconfig SYSTEM "fonts.dtd">
<fontconfig>
<match target="font">
<edit name="antialias" mode="assign">
<bool>false</bool>
</edit>
<edit name="hinting" mode="assign">
<bool>true</bool>
</edit>
<edit name="hintstyle" mode="assign">
<const>hintslight</const>
</edit>
</match>
</fontconfig>
EOF
Setting font aliases here also works.