Typora supports syntax coloring for code fences, and lists those languages on one of its support pages.
However, the list is not alpha sorted, so it's difficult to discover what languages are there unless one tries a ⌘-f/⌃-f to search for it.
I decided to help myself out and sort the list and post it in this Gist.
- ABAP
- apl
- ASN.1
- asp (alias: aspx, asp.net)
- assembly (alias: asm, nasm, gas)
- bhdl
- c (alias: clike)
- c# (alias: csharp)
- c++ (alias: cpp, cc)
- ceylon
- clojure
- cmake
- COBOL
- coffeescript (alias: coffee)
- commonlisp (alias: lisp)
- cql (alias: cassandra)
- crystal
- css
- cypher
- cython
- d
- dart
- diff
- django
- dockerfile
- dtd (alias: xml-dtd)
- dylan
- elixir
- elm
- embeddedjs (alias: ejs)
- erb
- erlang
- F#
- forth
- fortran
- gfm (github flavored markdown)
- gherkin
- glsl
- go
- groovy
- handlebars
- haskell
- haxe
- html (alias: htmlmixed)
- http
- hxml
- idl
- jade
- java
- javascript (alias: js, text/javascript)
- jinja2
- json
- jsp
- jsx (alias: react)
- julia
- kotlin
- less
- livescript
- lua
- makefile
- mariadb
- markdown
- mbox
- mssql
- mysql
- nginx
- nim
- nsis
- objective-c (alias: obj-c, objc)
- ocaml
- octave (alias: matlab)
- oz
- pascal
- perl
- pgp (alias: asciiarmor, pgp-keys)
- php (and php+html)
- plsql
- powershell
- properties (alias: ini)
- protobuf
- pseudocode
- python
- Q
- r (alias: rlang, r-lang)
- rst (alias: restructuredtext)
- ruby
- rust
- SAS
- scala
- scheme
- scss
- shell (alias: sh, bash)
- smalltalk
- smarty
- solidity
- spreadsheet
- sql
- squirrel
- stylus
- swift
- tcl
- tex (and stex, latex)
- tiddlywiki (alias: wiki)
- tiki (alias: tikiwiki, tiki-wiki)
- toml
- turtle
- twig
- typescript
- V
- vb (alias: basic)
- vbscript
- velocity
- verilog
- vue (alias: vue.js, vue-template)
- web-idl
- xml
- xquery
- yacas
- yaml