There are so many ways to write this...

Invoke-WithRetry.ps1

function Invoke-WithRetry {
    <#
        .SYNOPSIS
            Invoke a ScriptBlock until it returns a value (or until a certain ammount of time elapses)
        .DESCRIPTION
            Invokes the given ScriptBlock on $RetryEvery interval until it returns a value.
            If the $Limit time passes without a value, returns nothing.
        .EXAMPLE
            $Time = (Get-Date).AddMinutes(0.5)
            Invoke-WithRetry { if($Time -lt (Get-Date)) { return $Time } }

            Runs a simple ScriptBlock until it returns a value
        .EXAMPLE
            $Time = (Get-Date).AddMinutes(0.5)
            Invoke-WithRetry { if($Time -lt (Get-Date)) { return $Time } } -Activity "Wait for $Time" -Limit "0:0:15"

            Runs the script with progress output and a shorter time limit (which will expire without returning a value)
    #>
    [CmdletBinding()]
    param(
        # The code you want to run in a retry loop
        # This script block MUST have output on success, and no output otherwise.
        # You can Write to streams, but not Output unless you have success.
        [Parameter(Mandatory)]
        [ScriptBlock]
        $ScriptBlock,

        # A label for progress messages. If set, Invoke-WithRetry will Write-Progress after each failed attempt.
        [string]
        $Activity,

        # The maximum amount of time to wait. Default is 10 minutes: "0:10"
        [timespan]
        $Limit = "0:10",

        # The minimum amount of time between tries. Default is 5 seconds: "0:0:5"
        [timespan]
        $RetryEvery = "0:0:5"
    )
    $ShowProgress = $PSBoundParameters.ContainsKey("Activity")
    $Stopwatch = [System.Diagnostics.Stopwatch]::new()
    $Stopwatch.Start()
    $Result = $null
    $Count = 0
    try {
        do {
            $Result = & $ScriptBlock
            if (!$Result ) {
                $Count++
                if ($ShowProgress) {
                    Write-Progress -Activity $Activity -Status "Attempted $Count time(s). Waiting $RetryEvery to try again." -SecondsRemaining ($Limit - $Stopwatch.Elapsed).TotalSeconds
                }
                Start-Sleep -Milliseconds $RetryEvery.TotalMilliseconds
            }
        } while (!$Result -and $Stopwatch.Elapsed -lt $Limit)
        $Result
    } finally {
        $Stopwatch.Stop()
        if ($ShowProgress) {
            Write-Progress -Activity $Activity -Completed
        }
    }
}