Try this example, then try changing line 14 to catch [exception]

ErrorHandlingExample.ps1

using namespace System.Management.Automation
& {
    [CmdletBinding()]param()
    $ErrorActionPreference = "Stop"
    try { # Standard practice in every script

        Get-Item NoSuchFile
  
    } catch [ItemNotFoundException] {
        Write-Warning "File not found, using workaround ... "
        <# do stuff to work around that #>
  
  
    } catch { # Standard practice in every script
        $ex = $_
        do {
            $Stack = if($ex.ScriptStackTrace) { $ex.ScriptStackTrace } else { $ex.StackTrace }
           $PSCmdlet.WriteInformation(@(
                $ex.GetType().Fullname
                "Stack Trace:"
                ($Stack | Out-String -width 100) -split "`n" -replace "^\s*","    "
           ) -join "`n", ("PSHOST", "Exception"))
        } while($ex = if($ex.Exception) { $ex.Exception } else { $ex.InnerException })
        throw
    }
}