When using Karma, RequireJS, and AngularJS... demonstrate how Promise(s) callbacks are not auto-triggered when testing with Karma/Jasmine tests. Here we use a Controller and PeopleService with an API that returns Promises. While our mock service resolves the promise, we did that in the context of our test which is `outside` the AngularJS world. …

PeopleListControllerSpec.js

(function( describe ){
    "use strict";

    /**
     * Demonstration of how to properly use Jasmine testing with AngularJS promise-based services.
     * 
     * NOTE: based on the origina version from Jim Lavin's
     *       http://codingsmackdown.tv/blog/2012/12/28/mocking-promises-in-unit-tests/
     * 
     * FIXED: Igor Minar fixed this on 8/22/2013. Check with v1.2.x master branch of AngularJS
     *        https://github.com/IgorMinar/angular.js/commit/8bc169839243728b7dc9279fa31371824efb7afc
     */
    define( function()
    {
            /**
             * Typical NG Controller with
             *
             * @param $scope Injected Presentation Model
             * @param delegate Injected UserService w/ async responses
             *
             * @constructor
             */
        var PeopleController = function ($scope, delegate)
            {
                var onLoadAll  = function() {
                    return delegate
                                .loadUsers()
                                .then(function( list )
                                {
                                    $scope.knownUsers = list;
                                });

                };

                // Configure the PM

                $scope.knownUsers = [];
                $scope.loadPeople = onLoadAll;
            };

        describe( 'TestSuite for PeopleController', function()
        {
            var pScope      = null,
                delegate   = null,
                /**
                 * Simulation of button click which triggers PeopleController::loadPeople()
                 */
                loadPeople = function( )
                {
                    /**
                     *
                     * Simulate a button click to trigger loadPeople()
                     *
                     * Redirect to the Controller's scope and FLUSH the digest()
                     * to resolve promises...
                     *
                     * While we resolved the promise, we did that in the context of
                     * our test which is `outside` the AngularJS world. So we have to call digest()
                     * on the scope’s root to have AngularJS flush the pending deferreds and invoke
                     * the then() clause in our controller. Once this happens the code in the then()
                     * clause of our controller will be executed
                     *
                     */
                    pScope.loadPeople();
                    pScope.$root.$digest();
                };

            // ******************************************************
            // Setup/TearDown  Methods
            // ******************************************************

            beforeEach( inject( function( $rootScope, $q, $controller )
            {
                var dfd         = $q.defer(),
                    scope       = $rootScope.$new(),
                    /**
                     * Mock UserService with internal model and async loadUsers()
                     * @type {{registry: Array, loadUsers: Function}}
                     */
                    userService = {
                        registry : [
                            {
                                FirstName : "Jim",
                                LastName  : "Lavin",
                                Email     : "jlavin@jimlavin.net",
                                Bio       : "Creator and Host of Coding Smackdown TV"
                            },
                            {
                                FirstName : "Thomas",
                                LastName  : "Burleson",
                                Email     : "ThomasBurleson@gmail.com",
                                Bio       : "Web Solutions Architect and AngularJS Ninja"
                            }
                        ],
                        /**
                         * Mock `loadUsers()` returns `registry`
                         * @returns {Function|promise}
                         */
                        loadUsers : function()
                        {
                            dfd.resolve( userService.registry );
                            return dfd.promise;
                        }
                    };

                // Build controller instance and then
                // Configure variables for the subsequent tests

                $controller(
                    PeopleController,
                    {
                        $scope  : scope,
                        delegate: userService
                    }
                );

                delegate    = userService;
                pScope      = scope;
            }));

            // ******************************************************
            // loadPeople() Tests
            // ******************************************************

            /**
             *
             */
            it('should call loadUsers() on the UserService when loadPeople() is called', function()
            {
                spyOn(delegate, 'loadUsers').andCallThrough();

                loadPeople();
                expect(delegate.loadUsers).toHaveBeenCalled();
            });

            /**
             *
             */
            it('should populate the knownUsers when loadPeople() is called', function()
            {
                loadPeople();
                expect( pScope.knownUsers.length ).toBe(2);
            });


        });

    });

})( describe  );

Here is a revised version using the changes submitted by IgorMinar in http://bit.ly/159KY0z
Also includes improvements to using Promises with expect( ... )

(function( describe ){
    "use strict";

    /**
     * Demonstration of how to properly use Jasmine testing with AngularJS promise-based services.
     * 
     * NOTE: based on the origina version from Jim Lavin's
     *       http://codingsmackdown.tv/blog/2012/12/28/mocking-promises-in-unit-tests/
     * 
     * FIXED: Igor Minar fixed this on 8/22/2013. Check with v1.2.x master branch of AngularJS
     *        https://github.com/IgorMinar/angular.js/commit/8bc169839243728b7dc9279fa31371824efb7afc
     */
    define( function()
    {
            /**
             * Typical NG Controller with
             *
             * @param $scope Injected Presentation Model
             * @param delegate Injected UserService w/ async responses
             *
             * @constructor
             */
        var PeopleController = function ($scope, delegate)
            {
                var onLoadAll  = function() {
                    return delegate
                                .loadUsers()
                                .then(function( list )
                                {
                                    $scope.knownUsers = list;
                                });

                };

                // Configure the PM

                $scope.knownUsers = [];
                $scope.loadPeople = onLoadAll;
            };

        describe( 'TestSuite for PeopleController', function()
        {
            var proxy      = null,
                delegate   = null;

            // ******************************************************
            // Setup/TearDown  Methods
            // ******************************************************

            beforeEach( inject( function( $rootScope, $q, $controller )
            {
                var dfd         = $q.defer(),
                    scope       = $rootScope.$new(),
                    /**
                     * Mock UserService with internal model and async loadUsers()
                     * @type {{registry: Array, loadUsers: Function}}
                     */
                    userService = {
                        registry : [
                            {
                                FirstName : "Jim",
                                LastName  : "Lavin",
                                Email     : "jlavin@jimlavin.net",
                                Bio       : "Creator and Host of Coding Smackdown TV"
                            },
                            {
                                FirstName : "Thomas",
                                LastName  : "Burleson",
                                Email     : "ThomasBurleson@gmail.com",
                                Bio       : "Web Solutions Architect and AngularJS Ninja"
                            }
                        ],
                        /**
                         * Mock `loadUsers()` returns `registry`
                         * @returns {Function|promise}
                         */
                        loadUsers : function()
                        {
                            dfd.resolve( userService.registry );
                            return dfd.promise;
                        }
                    };

                // Build controller instance and then
                // Configure variables for the subsequent tests

                $controller(
                    PeopleController,
                    {
                        $scope  : scope,
                        delegate: userService
                    }
                );

                delegate   = userService;
                proxy      = scope;
            }));

            // ******************************************************
            // loadPeople() Tests
            // ******************************************************

            /**
             *
             */
            it('should call loadUsers() on the UserService when loadPeople() is called', function()
            {
                spyOn(delegate, 'loadUsers').andCallThrough();

                proxy.loadPeople();
                expect(delegate.loadUsers).toHaveBeenCalled();
            });

            /**
             *
             */
            it('should populate the knownUsers when loadPeople() is called', function()
            {
                proxy.loadPeople()
                     .then( function onResult_loadPeople( knownUsers )
                     {
                         expect( knownUsers )             .toBe( proxy.knownUsers );
                         expect( knownUsers.length )      .toBe(2);
                         expect( proxy.knownUsers.length ).toBe(2);
                     });
            });

        });

    });

})( describe  );

The above usage of expect() assertions within a promise resolve handler may NOT work properly from Jasmine testing perspectives. Jasmine may have already assumed the test has completed.

Further research is needed here...

Stay tuned for Jasmine-as-Promised extension that will leverage runs( <promise> ) to block test completion and auto-complete when promise resolves/rejects.