Skip to content

Instantly share code, notes, and snippets.

@adaburrows
Last active August 11, 2019 02:54
Show Gist options
  • Star 0 You must be signed in to star a gist
  • Fork 0 You must be signed in to fork a gist
  • Save adaburrows/d4fa5fdab6a0919c3e4282777c1d8781 to your computer and use it in GitHub Desktop.
Save adaburrows/d4fa5fdab6a0919c3e4282777c1d8781 to your computer and use it in GitHub Desktop.
Citations for "The Origin of Concentration Camps: The long, silenced history of oppression" - https://medium.com/jill-burrows/the-origin-of-concentration-camps-f7ba681cf452
  1. Casey Michel. This isn't the first time concentration camps have appeared on American soil. ThinkProgress. 19 June. 2019.
  2. Alex Ross. How American Racism Influenced Hitler. The New Yorker. 23 April. 2018.
  3. Masha Gessen. The Unimaginable Reality of American Concentration Camps. The New Yorker. 21 June. 2019.
  4. Stacy Chen. Coalition of WWII Japanese American internment camp survivors stage peaceful protest at immigrant detention facility on Texas border. ABC News. 30 March. 2019.
  5. Jennifer Wright. Americans Can't Admit Concentration Camps Exist in the U.S. Because They're Shameless. Harper's Bazaar. 20 June. 2019.
  6. Wikipedia contributors. "British concentration camps." Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia, 8 Jul. 2019. Web. 10 Jul. 2019.
  7. Did Hitler get his idea for concentration camps from the British camps in SA during the Anglo Boer War? Quora.
  8. Wikipedia contributors. "Cherokee removal: Forced removal." Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia, 25 Jun. 2019. Web. 10 Jul. 2019.
  9. Wikipedia contributors. "Timeline of Cherokee history: 1938." Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia, 23 May. 2019. Web. 10 Jul. 2019.
  10. Wikipedia contributors. "Martin Van Buren: Indian removal." Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia, 3 Jul. 2019. Web. 10 Jul. 2019.
  11. Wikipedia contributors. "List of concentration and internment camps: United States of America." Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia, 10 Jul. 2019. Web. 10 Jul. 2019.
  12. Wikipedia contributors. "Fort Cass." Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia, 6 Mar. 2019. Web. 10 Jul. 2019.
  13. Paul Harris. How the end of slavery led to starvation and death for millions of black Americans. The Guardian. 16 June. 2012.
  14. Wikipedia contributors. "Contraband." Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia, 9 Jul. 2019. Web. 22 Jul. 2019.
  15. Wikipedia contributors. "Contraband (American Civil War)." Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia, 9 Jul. 2019. Web. 10 Jul. 2019.
  16. Adam Goodheart. How Slavery Really Ended in America. The New York Times Magazine. 1 April. 2011.
  17. Rick Beard. Grant's Contraband Conundrum. New York Times. Opinion. 14 November. 2012.
  18. Rick Beard. "Organizing Black Soldiers." New York Times. 31 May. 2013.
  19. Rick Beard. "Sureveying Emancipation." New York Times. 18 May. 2013.
  20. Scott M. Korb. "Politics in a Refugee Camp." The New York Times. 8 August. 2013.
  21. Leeanna Keith. "Born Again in Mississippi." The New York Times. 12 August. 2013.
  22. New York Times Correspondants. Front Page. The New York Times. 3 March. 1863.
  23. New York Times Correspondants. "DEPARTMENT OF NORTH CAROLINA.; Refusal of the North Carolina Banks to Pay Their Assessment to the Rebel Government. Rebel Sympathizers Sent Outside the Lines. Surprise and Capture of a Rebel Camp." The New York Times. 11 May. 1863.
  24. New York Times Correspondants. "The Contrabands at Corinth.; A Visit From Adj. Gen. Thomas." The New York Times. 31 May. 1863.
  25. New York Times Correspondants. "Natchez The First Town on the River Gen. Grant on a Visit Runaway Negroes in the Contraband Camp Secesh in Despair, &c." The New York Times. 6 September. 1863.
  26. New York Times Correspondants. Front Page. The New York Times. 22 February. 1864.
  27. New York Times Correspondants. Page Five. The New York Times. 17 September. 1865.
  28. The Legacy of the Maryland Campaign. National Park Service. Web. 22 Jul. 2019.
  29. Wikipedia contributors. "Grand Contraband Camp, Virginia." Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia, 11 Feb. 2019. Web. 22 Jul. 2019.
  30. Joe A. Mobley. "James, Horace." Dictionary of North Carolina Biography. University of North Carolina Press. 1988.
  31. Wikipedia contributors. "Dakota War of 1862." Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia, 20 Jul. 2019. Web. 22 Jul. 2019.
  32. Wikipedia contributors. "Pike Island." Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia, 22 Apr. 2019. Web. 22 Jul. 2019.
  33. Robert K. Elder. "Execution 150 Years Ago Spurs Calls for Pardon." The New York Times. 13 December. 2010.
  34. Davenport Public Library. "The Two Sides of Camp McClellan." Quad City Memories. Davenport Public Library. 2005.
  35. Wikipedia contributors. "Fort Sumner." Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia, 13 Jul. 2019. Web. 22 Jul. 2019.
  36. Wikipedia contributors. "Long Walk of the Navajo." Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia, 17 Jul. 2019. Web. 22 Jul. 2019.
  37. Wikipedia contributors. "Treaty of Bosque Redondo." Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia, 13 Jul. 2019. Web. 22 Jul. 2019.
  38. Wikipedia contributors. "Ten Years' War." Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia, 8 Jun. 2019. Web. 22 Jul. 2019.
  39. Smith, Iain R. and Stucki, Andreas (2011) The colonial development of concentration camps (1868--1902). The Journal of Imperial and Commonwealth History, Vol.39 (№3). pp. 417--437. doi:10.1080/03086534.2011.598746
  40. Wikipedia contributors. "Cuban War of Independence." Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia, 11 Jul. 2019. Web. 22 Jul. 2019.
  41. Andrea Pitzer. "Concentration Camps Existed Long Before Auschwitz." Smithsonian.com. Smithsonian Institute, 2 November. 2017. Web. 22 Jul. 2019.
  42. Wikipedia contributors. "Spanish--American War." Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia, 22 Jul. 2019. Web. 22 Jul. 2019.
  43. Dr. Kimberly Kutz Elliott. "The Spanish-American War." US History, Rise to world power (1890--1945). Khan Academy. Web. 22 Jul. 2019.
  44. Great Projects Film Company, Inc. "February, 1896: Reconcentration Policy." Crucible of Empire: The Spanish-American War. 1999.
  45. "Reconcentration Policy." The World of 1898: The Spanish-American War. Hispanic Division, Library of Congress, 22 June. 2011. Web. 22 Jul. 2019.
  46. María Isabel Carrasco Cara Chards. "The Cuban Holocaust No One Talks About That Inspired The Nazi." Cultura Colectiva, 16 November. 2017. Web. 22 Jul. 2019.
  47. Dr. Antonio Rafael de la Cova. "Spain's Reconcentrado policy in Cuba 1896--97 (The Cuban Holocaust)." Latin American Studies. 15 Decmeber. 1997. Web. 22 Jul 2019.
  48. Wikipedia contributors. "Philippine--American War." Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia, 19 Jul. 2019. Web. 22 Jul. 2019.
  49. Wikipedia contributors. "Internment of Italian Americans." Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia, 15 Jul. 2019. Web. 23 Jul. 2019.
  50. Wikipedia contributors. "Internment of Japanese Americans." Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia, 16 Jul. 2019. Web. 23 Jul. 2019.
  51. Wikipedia contributors. "Internment of German Americans." Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia, 15 Jul. 2019. Web. 23 Jul. 2019.
  52. Wikipedia contributors. "Aleut." Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia, 15 Jul. 2019. Web. 23 Jul. 2019.
  53. Wikipedia contributors. "Aleut Restitution Act of 1988." Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia, 31 Mar. 2019. Web. 23 Jul. 2019.
  54. Andrea Pitzer. "'Some Suburb of Hell': America's New Concentration Camp System." NYRDaily. The New York Review of Books. 21 June. 2019.
  55. Mona Chalabi. "How many migrant children are detained in US custody?" The Guardian. 22 December. 2018.
  56. "Guantanamo Bay's Peculiar History." Now. PBS. 19 May. 2006.
  57. Wikipedia contributors. "Haitian refugees held at the Guantanamo Bay Naval Base." Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia, 18 Feb. 2019. Web. 29 Jul. 2019.
  58. Wikipedia contributors. "Jean-Bertrand Aristide." Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia, 21 Jul. 2019. Web. 29 Jul. 2019.
  59. Scott Packard. "How Guantanamo Bay Became the Place the U.S. Keeps Detainees." The Atlantic. 4 September. 2013.
  60. Leslie Neilan. Haitian boat people. Immigration to the United States.
  61. A. Naomi Paik. "US turned away thousands of Haitian asylum-seekers and detained hundreds more in the 90s." The Conversation. 28 June. 2018.
  62. W. Darren Pitts. "A Guantanamo Diary --- Operation Sea Signal." Joint Force Quarterly. Autumn. 1995.
  63. Wikipedia contributors. "Operation Sea Signal." Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia, 28 Jul. 2019. Web. 29 Jul. 2019.
  64. Zolan Kanno-Youngs. "Squalid Conditions at Border Detention Centers, Government Report Finds." The New York Time. 2 July. 2019.
  65. David Montero. "Some Holocaust survivors oppose 'concentration camp' comments. But they're also upset by treatment of migrants." The Los Angeles Times. 28 June. 2019.
  66. Alyssa Pry. "Holocaust Survivor: Yes, the Border Detention Centers Are Like Concentration Camps." The Daily Beast. 8 July. 2019.
  67. Wikipedia contributors. "Uyghurs: Chinese internment camps ." Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia, 22 Jul. 2019. Web. 23 Jul. 2019.
  68. Wikipedia contributors. "Xinjiang re-education camps." Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia, 23 Jul. 2019. Web. 23 Jul. 2019.
  69. Wikipedia contributors. "Carlisle Indian Industrial School." Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia, 23 Jul. 2019. Web. 23 Jul. 2019.
  70. Wikipedia contributors. "Cultural assimilation of Native Americans." Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia, 13 Jul. 2019. Web. 23 Jul. 2019.
  71. Wikipedia contributors. "American Indian boarding schools." Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia, 4 Jul. 2019. Web. 23 Jul. 2019.
  72. Wikipedia contributors. "Canadian Indian residential school system." Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia, 19 Jul. 2019. Web. 23 Jul. 2019.
  73. Mary Annette Pember. "Death by Civilization." The Atlantic. 8 March. 2019.
  74. Wikipedia contributors. "Immigration detention in the United States." Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia, 24 Jul. 2019. Web. 30 Jul. 2019.
  75. Wikipedia contributors. "Antiterrorism and Effective Death Penalty Act of 1996." Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia, 21 May. 2019. Web. 30 Jul. 2019.
  76. "FINAL VOTE RESULTS FOR ROLL CALL 126." S 735 Anti-Terrorism Act. 18 April. 1996.
  77. "Roll Call Vote 104th Congress --- 2nd Session." S. 735 Antiterrorism and Effective Death Penalty Act of 1996. 17 April. 1996.
  78. Wikipedia contributors. "Illegal Immigration Reform and Immigrant Responsibility Act of 1996." Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia, 23 Jul. 2019. Web. 30 Jul. 2019.
  79. Illegal Immigration Reform and Immigrant Responsibility Act of 1996 (IIRIRA or IIRAIRA), Division C of Pub.L. 104--208, 110 Stat. 3009--546
Sign up for free to join this conversation on GitHub. Already have an account? Sign in to comment