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Towns in Great Britain
Released license:MIT
height:780
border:no
Towns: Location of urbans areas > 10k population in Great Britain
Digital boundaries and reference map data:
Source: Office for National Statistics licensed under the Open Government Licence v.3.0.
Source: National Records Scotland data © Crown copyright and database right 2020.
Contains OS data © Crown copyright and database right 2020.

Towns in Great Britain

The Office for National Statistics and the Nation Record of Scotland provide population and shapefile data for the 2011 census. Where a 'Town' is an urban area with 10,000 or more inhabitants.

Creating the datafiles and associate geojson format report

Once the dependencies to create the report are met run the script:

$ ./prepublish

This will download and create ESRI Shape files in the shp directory for all Towns as well as all locations in Great Britian, as well as a Leaflet JavaScript visualisation using the Town data in a GeoJSON format.

Dependencies

These are environment and project dependencies.

python dependencies

For ease of use manage package python packages dependencies with a local virtual environment venv:

$ virtualenv venv
$ source venv/bin/activate
$ pip install -r requirements.txt

If missing install the python virtualenv package

$ sudo apt install virtualenv

Data License

Digital boundaries and reference map data:

Source: Office for National Statistics licensed under the Open Government Licence v.3.0.

Source: National Records Scotland data (c) Crown copyright and database right 2020.

Contains OS data (c) Crown copyright and database right 2020.

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Towns: Location in GB</title>
<meta charset="utf-8"/>
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<meta http-equiv="Cache-control" content="No-Cache">
<link rel="shortcut icon" type="image/x-icon" href="docs/images/favicon.ico"/>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://unpkg.com/leaflet@1.6.0/dist/leaflet.css"
integrity="sha512-xwE/Az9zrjBIphAcBb3F6JVqxf46+CDLwfLMHloNu6KEQCAWi6HcDUbeOfBIptF7tcCzusKFjFw2yuvEpDL9wQ==" crossorigin=""/>
<script src="https://unpkg.com/leaflet@1.6.0/dist/leaflet.js"
integrity="sha512-gZwIG9x3wUXg2hdXF6+rVkLF/0Vi9U8D2Ntg4Ga5I5BZpVkVxlJWbSQtXPSiUTtC0TjtGOmxa1AJPuV0CPthew=="
crossorigin=""></script>
<script src="http://d3js.org/d3.v5.min.js"></script>
<div id="map" style="width: 1340px; height: 780px"></div>
</head>
<body>
<div id='map'></div>
<script type="text/javascript">
var radius = 3;
var weight = 1;
var linewidth = 2;
var log2 = Math.log(2.0);
var minZoom = 3;
var maxZoom = 18;
var map = L.map('map').setView([54.533, -2.53], 6);
L.tileLayer("http://{s}.tile.openstreetmap.org/{z}/{x}/{y}.png", {
maxZoom: maxZoom,
minZoom: minZoom,
attribution: 'Map data &copy; <a href="https://www.openstreetmap.org/">OpenStreetMap</a> contributors, ' + '<a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.0/">CC-BY-SA</a>, ' + 'Imagery © <a href="https://www.mapbox.com/">Mapbox</a>',
id: 'osm.standard'
}).addTo(map);
d3.json("town_boundaries.geojson").then(function(d) {
function onEachFeature(feature, layer) {
var this_feature = feature.properties;
var popupContent;
if (this_feature.Town)
popupContent = this_feature.Town;
else
popupContent = this_feature.railway;
var lookup = {
"bua_code": "BUA code",
"bua_name": "BUA",
"citytownclassification": "Classification",
"latitude": "lat",
"longitude": "lon",
"region_name": "Region",
"la_name": "Local Authority",
"lsoa_code": "LSOA code",
"constituency_name": "Constituency",
"population": "population",
"outputarea_code": "OA code"
}
var k = Object.keys(this_feature).filter(i=>(i != "type" && i != "geometry" && i != "Town" && i != "is_in" && i != "z_order" && i != "railway" && i != "pgroup" && i != "urban"))
for (var i = 0; i < k.length; i++) {
if (k[i] in this_feature) {
popupContent += '<br>' + lookup[k[i]] + ': ' + this_feature[k[i]];
}
}
layer.bindPopup(popupContent);
}
L.geoJSON(d, {
style: function(feature) {
switch (feature.geometry.type) {
case 'Point':
return {
color: "red",
radius: radius,
weight: weight
};
default:
return {
weight: weight
};
}
},
onEachFeature: onEachFeature,
pointToLayer: function(feature, latlng) {
return L.circleMarker(latlng, {
opacity: 1,
fillOpacity: 0.8
});
}
}).addTo(map);
});
</script>
</body>
</html>
MIT License
Copyright (c) 2020 Will Deakin
Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
copies or substantial portions of the Software.
THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
SOFTWARE.
#!/bin/sh
export PYTHONUNBUFFERED=1
for i in 'download' 'work' 'shp'
do
if [ ! -d ${i} ]; then
mkdir -p ${i}
fi
done
URL=https://www.nrscotland.gov.uk/files/geography
#FILENAME=output-area-2011-eor.zip
FILENAME=output-area-2011-mhw.zip
if [ ! -s download/${FILENAME} ]; then
curl -L -o download/${FILENAME} ${URL}/${FILENAME}
fi
if [ ! -s work/OutputArea2011_MHW.shp ]; then
(cd work; unzip ../download/${FILENAME})
fi
URL=https://opendata.arcgis.com/datasets
#FILENAME=d74074ae6dec4de59fdcd2744fefc1f9_0.zip
FILENAME=f79fc19485704ce68523d8d70d84a913_0.zip
if [ ! -s download/${FILENAME} ]; then
curl -L -o download/${FILENAME} ${URL}/${FILENAME}
fi
if [ ! -s work/Output_Areas__December_2011__Boundaries_EW_BGC.shp ]; then
(cd work; unzip ../download/${FILENAME})
fi
URL=https://researchbriefings.files.parliament.uk/documents/CBP-8322
FILENAME=oa-classification-csv.csv
if [ ! -s ${FILENAME} ]; then
curl -L -o ${FILENAME} ${URL}/${FILENAME}
fi
./town-boundaries.py
geopandas >= 0.9.0
xlrd >= 2.0.1
#!/usr/bin/env python3
import os
from functools import partial
from fiona.transform import transform_geom
import pandas as pd
import geopandas as gp
from shapely.ops import transform
# EPSG:4326 WG 84
# EPSG:32630
# EPSG:27700 OS GB36
URBANTYPES = {'Large Town',
'Large Town in Conurbation',
'Core City (outside London)',
'Village or small community in Conurbation',
'Other City',
'Small Town in Conurbation',
'Small Town',
'Medium Town',
'Medium Town in Conurbation',
'Core City (London)',
'Village or Small Community in Conurbation'}
def _set_precision(precision=6):
def _precision(x, y, z=None):
return tuple([round(i, precision) for i in [x, y, z] if i])
return partial(transform, _precision)
pd.set_option('display.max_columns', None)
print('Load Output Area Data')
TOWNDATA = pd.read_csv('oa-classification-csv.csv')
TOWNDATA['name'] = TOWNDATA['bua_name']
IDX1 = TOWNDATA['bua_name'] == 'None'
TOWNDATA.loc[IDX1, 'name'] = TOWNDATA.loc[IDX1, 'la_name']
for k in [' BUA in Conurbation', ' BUASD', ' BUA']:
TOWNDATA['name'] = TOWNDATA['name'].str.replace(k, '')
TOWNS = TOWNDATA.groupby(['bua_code', 'name', 'region_name']).filter(lambda v: v['population'].sum() > 1)
TOWNS['Town'] = TOWNDATA['name']
TOWNDATA = None
IDX2 = TOWNS['citytownclassification'].isin(URBANTYPES)
TOWNS['urban'] = 'N'
TOWNS.loc[IDX2, 'urban'] = 'Y'
print('Loaded Output Area Data')
print('Load Scotland')
SCDATA = gp.read_file('work/OutputArea2011_MHW.shp')
CRS = SCDATA.crs.srs
print('Aggregate Scotland')
SC = SCDATA[['DataZone', 'geometry']].dissolve(by='DataZone', aggfunc='sum')
SDX1 = TOWNS['lsoa_code'].str[:1] == 'S'
G1 = TOWNS.loc[SDX1, ['lsoa_code']].join(SC['geometry'], on='lsoa_code')
SC = None
SCDATA = None
print('Loaded Scotland')
print('Load England and Wales')
EW = gp.read_file('work/Output_Areas__December_2011__Boundaries_EW_BGC.shp')
EW = EW.to_crs(CRS)
EW = EW.set_index('OA11CD')
G2 = TOWNS.loc[~SDX1, ['outputarea_code']].join(EW['geometry'], on='outputarea_code')
EW = None
print('Loaded England and Wales')
print('Create GeoDataFrame')
GEOMETRY = pd.concat([G2['geometry'], G1['geometry']])
G1 = None
G2 = None
GF1 = gp.GeoDataFrame(TOWNS, geometry=GEOMETRY, crs=CRS)
_precision = _set_precision(1)
GF1['geometry'] = GF1['geometry'].apply(_precision)
print('Write GeoDataFrame')
GF1.to_file('all_boundaries.geojson', crs=CRS, driver='GeoJSON')
GF1.to_file('shp/all_boundaries.shp', crs=CRS)
GEOMETRY = None
print('Aggregate by region, town, Built Up Area (BUA) and Middle Super-Output-Area')
KEYS = ['region_name', 'Town', 'bua_code', 'msoa_code']
GF2 = GF1[KEYS + ['geometry', 'population']].dissolve(by=KEYS, aggfunc=sum)
#GF2 = GF2.to_crs('EPSG:4326')
print('Aggregated data')
FULLKEYS = KEYS + ['outputarea_code', 'lsoa_code', 'la_name', 'bua_name', 'constituency_name', 'citytownclassification', 'urban']
DF1 = TOWNS[FULLKEYS].drop_duplicates(subset=KEYS).set_index(KEYS)
_precision = _set_precision(5)
POINTS = gp.GeoDataFrame(geometry=GF2.centroid, crs=CRS).to_crs('EPSG:4326')
POINTS['geometry'] = POINTS['geometry'].apply(_precision)
POINTS['data'] = POINTS['geometry'].apply(lambda v: [v.x, v.y])
POINTS['longitude'], POINTS['latitude'] = zip(*POINTS.pop('data'))
DF2 = POINTS[['longitude', 'latitude']]
BOUNDARIES = GF2.join(DF1).join(DF2).reset_index().fillna('-')
BOUNDARIES = BOUNDARIES.to_crs('EPSG:4326')
for k in ['bua_code', 'bua_name', 'citytownclassification']:
BOUNDARIES[k] = BOUNDARIES[k].str.replace('None', '-')
#from matplotlib import pyplot as plt
#fig = plt.figure()
#ax1 = fig.add_subplot(111)
print('Segment boundaries')
INTERVAL = {'rural': 0, '5k': 5E3, '10k': 10E3, '50k': 50E3, '100k': 100E3, 'MC1': 1E9}
BINS = pd.IntervalIndex.from_breaks(list(INTERVAL.values()), closed='left')
KEYS = ['region_name', 'Town', 'bua_code']
POPULATION = BOUNDARIES[KEYS + ['population']].groupby(KEYS).sum()
CUT = pd.cut(POPULATION['population'].to_numpy(), BINS)
CUT = CUT.rename_categories({i: j for i, j in zip(CUT.categories, INTERVAL.keys())})
POPULATION['pgroup'] = CUT.tolist()
BOUNDARIES = BOUNDARIES.set_index(KEYS).join(POPULATION['pgroup']).reset_index()
IDX3 = BOUNDARIES['urban'] == 'N'
BOUNDARIES.loc[IDX3, 'pgroup'] = 'rural'
print('Write full boundaries')
_precision = _set_precision(5)
BOUNDARIES['geometry'] = BOUNDARIES['geometry'].apply(_precision)
BOUNDARIES.to_file('shp/full_boundaries.shp', crs='epsg:4326')
BOUNDARIES.to_file('full_boundaries.geojson', crs='epsg:4326', driver='GeoJSON')
print('Write segmented boundaries')
for k, g in BOUNDARIES.groupby('pgroup'):
stub = 'town_boundaries_{}'.format(k)
g.to_file('shp/{}.shp'.format(stub), crs='epsg:4326')
g.to_file('{}.geojson'.format(stub), driver='GeoJSON', crs='epsg:4326')
BOUNDARIES = BOUNDARIES.to_crs('epsg:27700')
for k, g in BOUNDARIES.groupby('pgroup'):
stub = 'town_boundaries_gb_{}'.format(k)
g.to_file('shp/{}.shp'.format(stub), crs='epsg:27700')
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