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update-ref
- update a branch (or other reference) to point to a specific commit sha
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symbolic-ref
- update a reference (usually HEAD) to point to another reference (like a branch)
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rev-parse [something]
- show the SHA of any weird git phrase
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hash-object -w [file]
- take any file or stdin and return a blob sha, optionally write to db
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cat-file
- provide content or type and size information for repository objects
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ls-tree (-r) [sha]
- show the entries of a git tree in the db
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read-tree
- make the index look like a git tree in the db
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write-tree
- record the current state of the index into a git tree in the db and return the sha
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commit-tree
- create a commit object from a git tree in the db
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ls-files -s
- show the entries of the index
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update-index
- take an existing blob or a file from the work tree and update the index entry