Create a detailed tutorial for a SvelteKit application named 'Coffee Calc', designed as an iOS app mockup that calculates the ideal coffee-to-water brewing ratio. The tutorial should cover:
Ratio Input: Users can input the desired coffee-to-water ratio. Mass Input: Users can input the mass of coffee and water. Unit Toggle: Users can switch between grams and ounces. Feedback Display: Displays the selected mass of coffee and water in the chosen unit. Reset Functionality: Users can reset each input individually or the entire form. Visual Feedback: Provides a visual cue when a value changes. Keyboard Functionality: The application responds to keyboard inputs. The tutorial should also include instructions on setting up the project, installing prerequisites like Homebrew, Git, Node.js, npm, and Visual Studio Code, and creating the application components. The tutorial should be in markdown format and user-friendly for coffee enthusiasts.
The generated prompt should include all the 'Features' details and an appropriate project name. The code generated from the prompt should match the provided example, with many additional comments for clarity, especially for developers new to Svelte and SvelteKit. Explain even the very obvious. The conversion math in the unit toggle and mass components, and the functionality of the reset buttons should be explained in detail. The output should include a detailed readme about the process that created the tutorial.
Ensure that the app has keyboard shortcuts, handling arrow down to decrement, arrow up to increment, and shift key modifier on them to change make the change value by 1 instead of 0.1.
Also, when clicking the up and down arrows on the input fields, the shift key should modify the step change from 0.1 to 1.
=== coffee calc tutorial ===
This is a single-page SvelteKit application designed as a full-functional mockup for an iOS app that calculates the ideal ratio of coffee to water for brewing. The application incorporates a range of features that give users the ability to precisely control their coffee brewing process.
-
Ratio Input: Allows users to input the desired ratio of coffee to water, expressed in parts. For instance, inputting 1 for coffee and 15 for water sets the ratio at 1:15.
-
Mass Input: Users can input the mass of coffee and water they want to use, either manually or by adjusting the values using buttons.
-
Unit Toggle: Gives users the flexibility to switch between using grams and ounces, with automatic conversion handled in the code.
-
Feedback Display: Showcases the selected mass of coffee and water in the currently chosen unit, prominently on the screen.
-
Reset Functionality: Lets users reset each input individually or reset the entire form simultaneously.
-
Visual Feedback: Provides a visual cue to the user when a value changes by momentarily changing the color of the associated input field to yellow.
-
Keyboard Functionality: The application also responds to keyboard inputs, allowing users to increase or decrease input values using the up and down arrow keys.
This application is a practical tool for coffee enthusiasts aiming to perfect their brewing process. It enables users to experiment with various ratios and quantities and observe the effects of these changes in real time.
To set up this project, make sure you have the following installed:
- Homebrew
- Git
- Node.js and npm
- Visual Studio Code (VS Code)
Homebrew is a package manager for macOS that allows you to easily install software from the large collection of formulae in the Homebrew repository, or from other repositories.
To install the latest stable version of Homebrew on your Mac, you can use the following command in your terminal:
/bin/bash -c "$(curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Homebrew/install/HEAD/install.sh)"This command downloads a script from the Homebrew repository and runs it. The script will automatically download and install Homebrew.
Once the installation is complete, you can verify that Homebrew was successfully installed by running:
brew --versionThis command will display the version of Homebrew that is currently installed on your system.
Please note that to use Homebrew, you need to have the Command Line Tools for Xcode installed on your Mac. If you don't have it installed, the Homebrew installer will prompt you to install it.
It's important to always keep your Homebrew installation up to date. You can update Homebrew by running:
brew updateThis command will update Homebrew and all the formulae installed on your system to their latest versions.
Using the Homebrew Git instead of the "Apple Git" is important for web development because it allows you to have more control over the version of Git you are using and ensures that you have access to the latest features, bug fixes, and security updates. The "Apple Git" refers to the version of Git that comes pre-installed with macOS, but it may not always be the most up-to-date version.
Once you have Homebrew installed, you can use it to install Git with the following command:
brew install gitThis command tells Homebrew to download and install the latest stable version of Git.
After the installation, you can verify the successful installation of Git and check its version by using the following command:
git --versionThis command will display the version of Git that is currently installed on your system. If Git has been installed correctly, it should display the version number.
The which git command is showing you the location of the Git executable that the shell is currently configured to use. If it's showing the path to the Apple-supplied version of Git, it means that this version is found first in your system's PATH.
When you install Git via Homebrew, it gets installed in /usr/local/bin/git, while the Apple-supplied Git is in /usr/bin/git. The order of these directories in your PATH determines which version is found first.
To use the Homebrew version of Git, you need to ensure that /usr/local/bin comes before /usr/bin in your PATH. You can adjust the PATH in your shell profile file (like ~/.bash_profile, ~/.bashrc, or ~/.zshrc, depending on your shell).
Here's how you can do this:
- Open your shell profile file in a text editor. If you're using the default shell (Zsh), the file should be
~/.zshrc. If you're using Bash, it's likely~/.bash_profileor~/.bashrc.
nano ~/.zshrcor
nano ~/.bash_profile- Add the following line to the file:
export PATH="/usr/local/bin:$PATH"-
Save the file and exit the text editor (in nano, you can do this by pressing
Ctrl+X, thenY, thenEnter). -
Apply the changes by sourcing the profile file:
source ~/.zshrcor
source ~/.bash_profile- Now, when you run
which git, it should show the Homebrew-installed version:
which gitThis should return /usr/local/bin/git, which is the Homebrew version of Git.
Please note that changing the PATH in this way will affect all commands, not just Git. All binaries in /usr/local/bin will now take precedence over those in /usr/bin. If you want this change to affect only Git, consider using an alias instead.
With Homebrew and Git installed, you are ready to set up a SvelteKit project.
Before you create a new SvelteKit project, you need to install Node.js and npm (Node Package Manager). Node.js is a JavaScript runtime built on Chrome's V8 JavaScript engine, and npm is the package manager for Node.js.
-
Install Node.js and npm
You can install Node.js and npm via Homebrew using the following command:
brew install node
After the installation, you can verify that Node.js and npm were successfully installed by running:
node --version npm --version
These commands will display the version of Node.js and npm that is currently installed on your system.
-
Create a new SvelteKit project
You can create a new SvelteKit project using npm (Node Package Manager).
First, navigate to the directory where you want to create your new SvelteKit project. Then, use the following commands:
npm init svelte@next my-svelte-project
Replace
my-svelte-projectwith the name of your new project. This command will create a new directory with the name of your project and set up a new SvelteKit project inside it. -
Install the project dependencies
Navigate into your new project directory and install the project dependencies:
cd my-svelte-project npm install -
Start the development server
You can start the development server by running:
npm run dev
Now, you can open your browser and navigate to
http://localhost:5000to see your new SvelteKit project.
Please remember to replace my-svelte-project with your desired project name.
Here's how you can set up your new SvelteKit project:
Open your terminal, navigate to the directory where you want to create your new SvelteKit project, and run:
npm init svelte@next my-svelte-projectDuring the setup process, select the "Demo App" option. Replace my-svelte-project with the name of your new project. This command will create a new directory with the name of your project and set up a new SvelteKit project inside it.
Navigate into your new project directory and install the project dependencies:
cd my-svelte-project
npm installOur application will consist of four main components: InputComponent, ToggleComponent, VisualFeedbackComponent, and KeyboardComponent. Create these files in the src/routes directory and add the respective code provided below.
The InputComponent allows the user to input the coffee and water mass and calculates the coffee-to-water ratio based on these values.
Create a new file InputComponent.svelte in the src/routes directory and add the following code:
<script>
import { coffeeStore } from '../stores/coffeeStore.js';
let ratio;
let mass;
let units;
let stepSize = 0.1;
function handleShiftKey(event) {
stepSize = event.shiftKey ? 1 : 0.1;
}
function handleWaterRatioChange(event) {
let newWaterRatio = parseFloat(event.target.value);
coffeeStore.setWaterRatio(newWaterRatio);
let newWaterMass = mass.coffee * newWaterRatio;
coffeeStore.setWaterMass(newWaterMass);
}
function handleCoffeeMassChange(event) {
coffeeStore.setCoffeeMass(parseFloat(event.target.value));
}
function handleWaterMassChange(event) {
coffeeStore.setWaterMass(parseFloat(event.target.value));
}
function setCoffeeMassPreset(presetValue) {
coffeeStore.setCoffeeMass(presetValue);
}
function setWaterMassPreset(presetValue) {
coffeeStore.setWaterMass(presetValue);
}
coffeeStore.subscribe(($coffeeStore) => {
ratio = $coffeeStore.ratio;
mass = $coffeeStore.mass;
units = $coffeeStore.units;
});
const waterPresets = [
{ label: 'Short', value: 100 },
{ label: 'Regular', value: 175 },
{ label: 'Tall', value: 250 },
{ label: 'Large', value: 325 },
{ label: 'X-Large', value: 400 },
{ label: 'Chemex', value: 1134 },
{ label: '3x Tall', value: 1020 }
];
</script>
<div class="input-component">
<div>
<input
type="hidden"
value={ratio.coffee.toFixed(1)}
/>
</div>
<div>
<label>Coffee Mass ({units}):</label>
<input
type="number"
value={units === 'grams' ? mass.coffee.toFixed(1) : mass.coffee.toFixed(2)}
on:input={handleCoffeeMassChange}
min="0"
step="{stepSize}"
on:keydown={handleShiftKey}
/>
<div>
<label>Coffee Mass Presets:</label>
{#each Array(11).fill().map((_, i) => i + 10) as preset}
<button on:click={() => setCoffeeMassPreset(preset)}>{preset}</button>
{/each}
</div>
<div>
<label>Coffee Mass Slider:</label>
<input
type="range"
min="6"
max="334"
step="0.1"
value={mass.coffee}
on:input={handleCoffeeMassChange}
on:keydown={handleShiftKey}
/>
</div>
</div>
<div>
<label>Water Mass ({units}):</label>
<input
type="number"
value={units === 'grams' ? mass.water.toFixed(1) : mass.water.toFixed(2)}
on:input={handleWaterMassChange}
min="0"
step={stepSize}
on:keydown={handleShiftKey}
/>
<div>
<label>Water Mass Presets:</label>
{#each waterPresets as preset}
<button on:click={() => setWaterMassPreset(preset.value)}>{preset.label}</button>
{/each}
</div>
<div>
<label>Water Mass Slider:</label>
<input
type="range"
min="70"
max="2000"
step="10"
value={mass.water}
on:input={handleWaterMassChange}
on:keydown={handleShiftKey}
/>
</div>
</div>
<div>
<label>Water Ratio: {ratio.water.toFixed(1)}</label>
<div class="slider-container">
<span class="slider-label">Stronger</span>
<input
type="range"
min="6"
max="25"
step="1"
value={ratio.water}
on:input={handleWaterRatioChange}
/>
</div>
<span class="slider-label">Weaker</span>
</div>
</div>
<style>
input[type=range] {
/* Create a larger hit area for touch devices */
padding: 10px 0;
/* Remove default styles */
-webkit-appearance: none;
background: transparent;
/* Set the width to 100% to make it responsive */
width: 100%;
}
input[type=range]::-webkit-slider-runnable-track {
/* Set the track height and color */
height: 10px;
background: #ddd;
border: none;
border-radius: 3px;
}
input[type=range]::-webkit-slider-thumb {
/* Set the thumb size and color */
-webkit-appearance: none;
border: none;
height: 20px;
width: 20px;
border-radius: 50%;
background: #4285f4;
margin-top: -5px; /* This should be half the height of the thumb to center it on the track */
}
input[type=range]::-webkit-slider-runnable-track {
background: #ddd;
/* Add ticks to the track */
background: repeating-linear-gradient(to right, #ddd, #ddd 10px, #bbb 10px, #bbb 20px);
}
.slider-container {
display: flex;
align-items: center;
justify-content: space-between;
}
.slider-label {
margin: 0 10px;
}
</style>This component exports three variables: ratio, mass, and units. These variables are bound to four input elements that allow the user to input the coffee-to-water ratio and the mass of coffee and water. A reactive statement ($: if (units !== previousUnits) { ... }) is used to monitor changes in the units and update the mass values accordingly.
The ToggleComponent allows the user to switch between different units (grams or ounces).
Create a new file ToggleComponent.svelte in the src/routes directory and add the following code:
<script>
import { coffeeStore } from '../stores/coffeeStore.js';
let units;
coffeeStore.subscribe($coffeeStore => {
units = $coffeeStore.units;
});
function toggleUnits() {
coffeeStore.setUnits(units === 'grams' ? 'ounces' : 'grams');
}
</script>
<div class="toggle-component">
<button on:click={toggleUnits}>
Switch to {units === 'grams' ? 'ounces' : 'grams'}
</button>
</div>This component maintains a units variable that toggles between 'grams' and 'ounces' each time the button is clicked. When the units are toggled, a 'change' event is dispatched with the new units as the event detail.
The VisualFeedbackComponent provides visual feedback to the user when a value changes.
Create a new file VisualFeedbackComponent.svelte in the src/routes directory and add the following code:
<script>
import { fade } from 'svelte/transition';
import { onMount } from 'svelte';
// Initialize show variable to false
let show = false;
// When the component mounts, set show to true after 2 seconds
onMount(() => {
setTimeout(() => {
show = true;
}, 2000);
});
</script>
{#if show}
<div transition:fade>
Value changed
</div>
{/if}This component uses the onMount lifecycle function to set the show variable to true 2 seconds after the component mounts. It uses a conditional block ({#if show} ... {/if}) to render a div element that fades in when show is true.
The KeyboardComponent allows the user to increase or decrease the input values
using the keyboard.
Create a new file KeyboardComponent.svelte in the src/routes directory and add the following code:
<!-- src/routes/KeyboardInput.svelte -->
<script>
export let mass;
export let ratio;
function handleKeyInput(event) {
const increment = event.shiftKey ? 1 : 0.1;
const { name } = event.target;
if (name === 'coffee' || name === 'water') {
if (event.key === 'ArrowUp') {
mass.update((value) => ({ ...value, [name]: value[name] + increment }));
} else if (event.key === 'ArrowDown') {
mass.update((value) => ({ ...value, [name]: value[name] - increment }));
}
if (name === 'coffee') {
mass.update((value) => ({ ...value, water: Number((value.coffee * ratio.water).toFixed(1)) }));
} else if (name === 'water') {
mass.update((value) => ({ ...value, coffee: Number((value.water / ratio.water).toFixed(1)) }));
}
}
}
</script>
<div class="keyboard-input" tabindex="0" on:keydown={handleKeyInput}>
<p>Use the up and down arrows to adjust the coffee mass.</p>
<p>Hold the Shift key to adjust the coffee mass by 1 unit.</p>
</div>
<style>
.keyboard-input {
display: flex;
flex-direction: column;
align-items: center;
}
</style>This component uses the onMount lifecycle function to add a 'keydown' event listener to the window when the component mounts and to remove the event listener when the component is destroyed. The handleKeyDown function defines what happens when the 'ArrowUp' or 'ArrowDown' key is pressed.
Now, let's bring all these components together in the main application component, +page.svelte. Replace the content of src/routes/+page.svelte with the following code:
<script>
import { coffeeStore } from '../stores/coffeeStore.js';
import InputComponent from './InputComponent.svelte';
import ToggleComponent from './ToggleComponent.svelte';
import VisualFeedbackComponent from './VisualFeedbackComponent.svelte';
import KeyboardComponent from './KeyboardComponent.svelte';
// Define local variables
let ratio;
let mass;
let units;
// Subscribe to the store
coffeeStore.subscribe(storeState => {
if (storeState) { // Check that the state has been defined
({ ratio, mass, units } = storeState);
}
});
</script>
<svelte:head>
<title>Home</title>
<meta name="description" content="Svelte demo app" />
</svelte:head>
<section>
<InputComponent {ratio} {mass} {units} />
<ToggleComponent />
<VisualFeedbackComponent />
<KeyboardComponent />
</section>
<style>
section {
display: flex;
flex-direction: column;
justify-content: center;
align-items: center;
flex: 0.6;
}
h1 {
width: 100%;
}
</style>
The main application component imports all the other components and initializes the ratio, mass, and units variables. It also defines a reactive statement that recalculates the coffee-to-water ratio whenever the coffee or water mass changes. The toFixed(1) method is used to round the water ratio to one decimal place. This is because ratios are typically presented with a precision of one decimal place in coffee brewing.
In SvelteKit, a store is a reactive object that holds shared state and can be accessed and modified from different components. Stores provide a way to manage global state in your application and ensure that changes to the state are automatically propagated to all components that depend on it.
In this tutorial, we will create a SvelteKit store to manage the state related to our coffee brewing app. This store will hold information such as the coffee-to-water ratio, the coffee and water masses, and the units of measurement used.
Create a new directory named stores inside the src directory of your SvelteKit project.
Inside the stores directory, create a new file named coffeeStore.js.
Copy and paste the following code into the coffeeStore.js file:
import { writable } from 'svelte/store';
function createCoffeeStore() {
const initialState = {
ratio: { coffee: 1, water: 15 },
mass: { coffee: 17, water: 255 },
units: 'grams'
};
const { subscribe, set, update } = writable(initialState);
return {
subscribe,
setCoffeeMass: (coffeeMass) => update(state => {
state.mass.coffee = coffeeMass;
state.mass.water = coffeeMass * state.ratio.water;
return state;
}),
setWaterMass: (waterMass) => update(state => {
state.mass.water = waterMass;
state.mass.coffee = waterMass / state.ratio.water;
return state;
}),
setCoffeeRatio: (coffeeRatio) => update(state => {
state.ratio.coffee = coffeeRatio;
state.ratio.water = state.mass.water / state.mass.coffee;
return state;
}),
setWaterRatio: (waterRatio) => update(state => {
state.ratio.water = waterRatio;
state.ratio.coffee = state.mass.coffee / state.mass.water;
return state;
}),
setUnits: (newUnits) => update(state => {
const conversionFactor = newUnits === 'grams' ? 28.3495 : 1 / 28.3495;
state.mass.coffee *= conversionFactor;
state.mass.water *= conversionFactor;
state.units = newUnits;
return state;
}),
reset: () => set(initialState)
};
}
export const coffeeStore = createCoffeeStore();Save the file.
Finally, you can start the development server and see your new SvelteKit project in action. Run the following command in your terminal:
npm run devThen, open your browser and navigate to http://localhost:5000. You should see your new SvelteKit project up and running.
This README provides comprehensive instructions for setting up a SvelteKit project. It explains each component in detail, providing complete code and thorough explanations. Following these instructions should ensure that your code runs correctly the first time. Enjoy brewing your perfect cup of coffee!
=== end coffee calc tutorial ===