Escape character & quotes in Jenkins Pipeline

pipeline.groovy

docker.image('cloudbees/java-build-tools:0.0.6').inside {
    sshagent(['github-ssh-credentials']) {
        sh """
            git version
            git config --local user.email \\"cleclerc@cloudbees.com\\"
            git config --local user.name \\"Cyrille Le Clerc\\"

            git clone git@github.com:cyrille-leclerc/a-test-repo.git
       
            date &> now.txt
            
            git commit --all -m \\"another commit\\"
            git push origin/master
        """
    }
}

pipeline.log

Started by user admin
[Pipeline] Allocate node : Start
Running on docker-agent.beesshop.org in /home/ubuntu/jenkins-aws-home/workspace/tests/test-git
[Pipeline] node {
[Pipeline] sh
[test-git] Running shell script
+ docker inspect -f . cloudbees/java-build-tools:0.0.6
.
[Pipeline] Run build steps inside a Docker container : Start
$ docker run -t -d -u 1000:1000 -w /home/ubuntu/jenkins-aws-home/workspace/tests/test-git -v /home/ubuntu/jenkins-aws-home/workspace/tests/test-git:/home/ubuntu/jenkins-aws-home/workspace/tests/test-git:rw -e ******** -e ******** -e ******** -e ******** -e ******** -e ******** -e ******** -e ******** -e ******** -e ******** -e ******** -e ******** -e ******** -e ******** -e ******** -e ******** cloudbees/java-build-tools:0.0.6 cat
[Pipeline] withDockerContainer {
[Pipeline] SSH Agent : Start
[ssh-agent] Using credentials cyrille-leclerc (GitHub cyrille-leclerc ssh)
[ssh-agent] Looking for ssh-agent implementation...
[ssh-agent]   Java/JNR ssh-agent
[ssh-agent] Started.
[Pipeline] sshagent {
[Pipeline] sh
[test-git] Running shell script
+ git version
git version 2.1.4
+ git config --local user.email "cleclerc@cloudbees.com"
+ git config --local user.name "Cyrille Le Clerc"
usage: git config [options]

Config file location
    --global              use global config file
    --system              use system config file
    --local               use repository config file
    -f, --file <file>     use given config file
    --blob <blob-id>      read config from given blob object

Action
    --get                 get value: name [value-regex]
    --get-all             get all values: key [value-regex]
    --get-regexp          get values for regexp: name-regex [value-regex]
    --get-urlmatch        get value specific for the URL: section[.var] URL
    --replace-all         replace all matching variables: name value [value_regex]
    --add                 add a new variable: name value
    --unset               remove a variable: name [value-regex]
    --unset-all           remove all matches: name [value-regex]
    --rename-section      rename section: old-name new-name
    --remove-section      remove a section: name
    -l, --list            list all
    -e, --edit            open an editor
    --get-color <slot>    find the color configured: [default]
    --get-colorbool <slot>
                          find the color setting: [stdout-is-tty]

Type
    --bool                value is "true" or "false"
    --int                 value is decimal number
    --bool-or-int         value is --bool or --int
    --path                value is a path (file or directory name)

Other
    -z, --null            terminate values with NUL byte
    --includes            respect include directives on lookup

[Pipeline] } //sshagent
[Pipeline] SSH Agent : End
[Pipeline] } //withDockerContainer
$ docker stop 6a8ba100abb54669d24cfc7d4b6cae0dfaad727b8f3c7a3ad186690d9ee12d4a
$ docker rm -f 6a8ba100abb54669d24cfc7d4b6cae0dfaad727b8f3c7a3ad186690d9ee12d4a
[Pipeline] Run build steps inside a Docker container : End
[Pipeline] } //node
[Pipeline] Allocate node : End
[Pipeline] End of Pipeline
ERROR: script returned exit code 129
Finished: FAILURE

Just ran into this issue myself.

If it's not clear how to do this, try with 3 single quotes and using double backslashed double quotes

Example

sh '''
    echo Hello \\"World\\"
    echo This is a dollar sign: \\$
'''

This worked for me, thanks for the hint!
sh label: 'prep', script: '''echo {\"results\": > results.json'''

It works for me!

String escaped_commit_message = commit_message.replace('"', '\\"')
escaped_commit_message = escaped_commit_message.replace("'", /'"'"'/)

It works for me!

String escaped_commit_message = commit_message.replace('"', '\\"')
escaped_commit_message = escaped_commit_message.replace("'", /'"'"'/)

Nice! Thank you so much.
Would you please explain the second (slashy) replacement? I'm new to groovy and have read a little about that syntax, but don't understand why/how '"'"' works?

Unless you must, best way is to use combination of single and double quotes, e.g.:

        sh """
            git config --local user.email \\"cleclerc@cloudbees.com\\"
            git config --local user.email 'cleclerc@cloudbees.com'

Whether you must or not depends on the use of variables (groovy or shell).

P.S. very good behavioral examples: https://gist.github.com/Faheetah/e11bd0315c34ed32e681616e41279ef4 (named "Jenkinsfile idiosynchrasies with escaping and quotes" ;) )