Common terms in programming, and Ruby

programming-terms-ruby-and-more

1. Browser(Web browser): A software program that lives natively on your computer, handling sending http requests, and receiving
   http responses. examples: Chrome, Firefox, Brave. 
2. Native program: A piece of software that has been developed for use on a particular device or platform. All code it needs to
   run is stored locally on the computer/device using it. An internet connection is not always needed as data can also be
   stored locally, but does not always have to be.
3. Programming Language: A set of rules for creating, managing, storing, and outputting data. Programming languages provide 
   the logic building data constructs, which can then be accessed. Sometimes they provide everything needed to produce 
   code on a web page (JavaScript) and sometimes they use other tools to do this (Rails is a web framework that uses the Ruby 
   language to produce web applications.)
4. Client: Software or hardware that is responsible for sending requests and processing responses over the internet. A web 
   browser is a client, and so is an email service like gmail or yahoo. The term client is often used to refer to the computer 
   making the request to the server, but it is actually the specific program on the computer that made the request. example:
   When chrome sends a request asking for the home page of Best Buy, chrome is the client, and also is a browser.
5. Server: The software that receives an http request and sends back a response, usually resulting in a web page being 
   displayed or changed. The term server also refers to the actual piece of hardware, such as in a data center, where the 
   web app software is stored and executed from. The server can also be your own machine, such as when a web app you create 
   uses it's own API.
6. Web Framwork: A piece of software that uses a programming language to create web apps. Web frameworks usually facilitate a 
   way to send and process a request, retrieve any necessary data, and send a response back to the client. Many different tools
   can be used to make this happen. example: Rails is a web framework that uses Ruby for it's logic manipulation and
   passing variables. It can also use a database like PostgreSQL to store data, or SQLite instead if the developer chooses. 
   The Web Framework is just one of many components that work together to create web apps. A web framework is not required 
   in order to make a web app either. JavaScript is capable of producing a web page without the help of a 'framework'.
7. Console/Terminal: These are the same thing. The terminal is a piece of software that allows the user to interface with the 
   operating system(OS) on a computer without going through a UI helper interface, such as a navigation bar with buttons you 
   can click. On a Mac, when you want to create, move, or delete a file, you can do it using the terminal instead of clicking 
   a lot of menus to get there.
8. http request: This is a string of information containing the data a server will need in order to send a response to the 
   client. This information will include the type of request it is, along with a way to identify which view it's asking for, 
   usually a url address.