LoRa: Wireless linklayer - very low bandwidth - low battery - license free band (similiar to wifi) - no license needed to build a network (thingsnetwork). There are rules (regulations).
LoRaWAN is a protocol that uses LoRa as physical layer.
3 Parts: (Low Power) (Wide Area) (Network) = LPWAN
- 868 MHz for Europe
- 915 MHz for North America
- 433 MHz band for Asia
Link Budget: 154 dB _Something you have at the beginning and use up over time.
- Senders transmission strength
- Obsticals, Distance, Walls, Tree
- Receiver's sensativity Increase budget: Amplifier, Antenna Gain
Data rate: 250 bps - 50kbps *not whole truth: more realistic to think of bandwidth of 2.5 bps to 500 bps (0.5 kbps).
Distributed Gateways connected to Network. Network Server connect Application Routers (Broker Infrastructure)
The Things Network (TTN) Community Approach.
8 parallel channels = 8 devices
at 50% duty cycle = 16 devices
at 1% duty cycle = 800 devices
TTN & good citizens use 1% of the available bandwidth. Here is where bandwidth is reduced: 1% of 250 bps
250 bits per second / 100 = 2.5 bits per second.
Slower than Morse Code.
Has to offer 8 channels. TTN Gateway Docs
Parts: