Keywords: Renewable energy, wind energy, electricity, Germany
Purpose: look at the efficiency of electricity produced in the German provinces
from sun, wind and biomass,
with files from official data:
LAK, real: https://www.lak-energiebilanzen.de 2019,
Länderarbeitskreis Energiebilanzen Bruttostromerzeugung nach Erneuerbaren Energieträgern
BMWK, max 31.12.2020,
https://www.bmwk.de/Redaktion/DE/Downloads/E/EEG-Kooperationsausschuss/2021/bericht-bund-laender-kooperationsausschuss-2021.pdf
Download the files
2019-lak-E.csv 2020-bmwk-MWmax.csv Estrom-real-vs-max.py lakcsv.py
to your computer (click on the green "Code" button, run unzip xx.zip).
First look at the .csv files and, if you like, the code (de gustabus). Then run
python3 Estrom-real-vs-max.py
This should generate a logfile like 13nov-Estrom-real-vs-max.log below, with lines like
-- EStrom % real / max: real von LAK, max von BMWK
BW BY BE BB HB HH HE NI NRW RP SN ST SH TH Gesamt
Wind:
[[ 20 22 27 20 23 23 21 35 21 21 20 20 33 21 24]
[ 332 570 3 1494 48 28 483 3931 1302 784 257 1071 2253 359 12913]
[ 1644 2542 12 7464 211 118 2253 11309 6141 3725 1264 5253 6826 1672 54420]]
Generating electricity efficiently is good; generating lots of electricity efficiently is better. Which areas in Germany generate the most electricity, and how ?
(The electricity market is really complex, and driven by many factors:
- how electricity is used: industry, homes, Ecars
- where: north, south, offshore, import-export
- storage, pump stations -- wind and sun vary quite a lot
- costs: capital costs, running costs
- profits: €€€, politics, "likes".
As much as I wish for "rational" decision-making, transparent and understandable, windfarm owners and politicians have their own agendas
How can one measure the efficiency of e.g. a wind turbine ? "Installed power" or "rated power" means the maximum power that it can deliver; the ratio real / max is called "capacity factor" or sometimes "efficiency". For example, Wikipedia Wind_power_in_Germany:
39.82 % offshore, 23.97 % on + off, 21.74 % onshore.
(Roughly 20 % of Germany's total windpower is offshore, in Nord- and Ostsee. This may or may not show up in windpower numbers for Niedersachsen and Schleswig-Holstein in other datasets.)
Why LAK 2019 vs. BMWK 2020 ? Because I couldn't find data for both in the same year.
Use iconv to change latin1 in lak .csvs to utf8.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wind_power_in_Germany ff.
Geisterstrom in Germany:
€761.000.000 citation needed in 2020
for electricity paid for but thrown away; see
https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erneürbare-Energien-Gesetz#Entschädigungszahlungen_für_nicht_eingespeiste_Strommengen
Links to
- data on wind -> electricity actually produced
- regional planning of wind energy in Bayern or Baden-Württemberg
especially welcome.
cheers
-- denis-bz-py@t-online.de 17 Nov 2022
Theory and practice are closer in theory than they are in practice.