Hello world, in this topic actually I'm making a logging visualization in grafana for GeoIP purposes. As we know, GeoIP cannot use Prometheus, we have to use metrics in the form of raw logs, which is called logging. Because I don't have a lot of resources for running the ELK Stack, in the end I just ran logging with Promtail + Loki. Follow this technical for installation and integration of Promtail & Loki.
I will continue from this article to visualize it with Promtail + Loki.
log_format json_analytics escape=json '{'
'"msec": "$msec", ' # request unixtime in seconds with a milliseconds resolution
'"connection": "$connection", ' # connection serial number
'"connection_requests": "$connection_requests", ' # number of requests made in connection
'"pid": "$pid", ' # process pid
'"request_id": "$request_id", ' # the unique request id
'"request_length": "$request_length", ' # request length (including headers and body)
'"remote_addr": "$remote_addr", ' # client IP
'"remote_user": "$remote_user", ' # client HTTP username
'"remote_port": "$remote_port", ' # client port
'"time_local": "$time_local", '
'"time_iso8601": "$time_iso8601", ' # local time in the ISO 8601 standard format
'"request": "$request", ' # full path no arguments if the request
'"request_uri": "$request_uri", ' # full path and arguments if the request
'"geoip_city_code": "$geoip2_data_city_name - $geoIP", ' # args -> geoIPCity
'"status": "$status", ' # response status code
'"body_bytes_sent": "$body_bytes_sent", ' # the number of body bytes exclude headers sent to a client
'"bytes_sent": "$bytes_sent", ' # the number of bytes sent to a client
'"http_referer": "$http_referer", ' # HTTP referer
'"http_user_agent": "$http_user_agent", ' # user agent
'"http_x_forwarded_for": "$http_x_forwarded_for", ' # http_x_forwarded_for
'"http_host": "$http_host", ' # the request Host: header
'"server_name": "$server_name", ' # the name of the vhost serving the request
'"request_time": "$request_time", ' # request processing time in seconds with msec resolution
'"upstream": "$upstream_addr", ' # upstream backend server for proxied requests
'"upstream_connect_time": "$upstream_connect_time", ' # upstream handshake time incl. TLS
'"upstream_header_time": "$upstream_header_time", ' # time spent receiving upstream headers
'"upstream_response_time": "$upstream_response_time", ' # time spend receiving upstream body
'"upstream_response_length": "$upstream_response_length", ' # upstream response length
'"upstream_cache_status": "$upstream_cache_status", ' # cache HIT/MISS where applicable
'"ssl_protocol": "$ssl_protocol", ' # TLS protocol
'"ssl_cipher": "$ssl_cipher", ' # TLS cipher
'"scheme": "$scheme", ' # http or https
'"request_method": "$request_method", ' # request method
'"server_protocol": "$server_protocol", ' # request protocol, like HTTP/1.1 or HTTP/2.0
'"pipe": "$pipe", ' # "p" if request was pipelined, "." otherwise
'"gzip_ratio": "$gzip_ratio", '
'"http_cf_ray": "$http_cf_ray",'
'"geoip_country_code": "$geoIP" '
'}';
access_log /var/log/nginx/access.log json_analytics;
server:
http_listen_port: 9080
grpc_listen_port: 0
positions:
filename: /tmp/positions.yaml
clients:
- url: http://YOURLOKI'SVM:3100/loki/api/v1/push
scrape_configs:
- job_name: nginx
static_configs:
- targets:
- localhost
labels:
job: nginx
host: gatewaylab
agent: promtail
__path__: /var/log/nginx/access.log
to simplify this setup, i preffer deploy Promtail on Continaer
sudo mv promtail-config.yaml /mnt/config/
docker create --name promtail --restart always -v /mnt/config:/mnt/config -v /var/log:/var/log grafana/promtail:2.1.0 -config.file=/mnt/config/promtail-config.yaml
docker start promtail
curl -O -L "https://github.com/grafana/loki/releases/download/v2.4.1/loki-linux-amd64.zip"
unzip loki-linux-amd64.zip
chmod a+x loki-linux-amd64
mkdir -p /usr/local/bin/loki
sudo cp loki-linux-amd64 /usr/local/bin/loki/
- Create loki default configuration
auth_enabled: false
server:
http_listen_port: 3100
grpc_listen_port: 9096
common:
path_prefix: /etc/loki
storage:
filesystem:
chunks_directory: /etc/loki/chunks
rules_directory: /etc/loki/rules
replication_factor: 1
ring:
instance_addr: 0.0.0.0
kvstore:
store: inmemory
schema_config:
configs:
- from: 2020-10-24
store: boltdb-shipper
object_store: filesystem
schema: v11
index:
prefix: index_
period: 24h
limits_config:
allow_structured_metadata: false
max_query_series: 100000
max_query_parallelism: 2
ruler:
alertmanager_url: http://localhost:9093
table_manager:
retention_deletes_enabled: true
retention_period: 72h
- Create Loki as systemd
nano /etc/systemd/system/loki.service
[Unit]
Description=Loki service
After=network.target
[Service]
Type=simple
User=root
ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/loki/loki-linux-amd64 -config.file /etc/loki/loki-local-config.yaml
Restart=on-failure
RestartSec=20
StandardOutput=append:/etc/loki/logs/loki.log
StandardError=append:/etc/loki/logs/loki.log
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl enable loki
systemctl start loki
systemctl restart loki
systemctl status loki
