gistfile1.txt

{"agricultural science": "<p>There are several paths we think might be especially high impact in making the world a better place. <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/how-choose-thesis/#impact\">Learn more here</a> on why do we think so. If you would like to get more specific research topic suggestions in any of these paths, try our <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/thesis-coaching/\">thesis topic coaching</a>.<br/></p><ul><li>Alternative foods research (<a href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Feeding_Everyone_No_Matter_What\">problem profile</a>) (<a href=\"https://www.facebook.com/groups/2223747464333964/\">facebook group</a>) (<a href=\"https://docs.google.com/document/d/10Fu9XcztcKhCobRECl25z157iRwVfC3QeHj5T8J6raU/edit?usp=sharing\">research agenda</a>) (<a href=\"https://80000hours.org/podcast/episodes/david-denkenberger-allfed-and-feeding-everyone-no-matter-what/\">podcast</a>) (<a href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Feeding_Everyone_No_Matter_What\">book</a>) (<a href=\"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s13753-016-0097-2\">journal article</a>) - example <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/growing-bacteria-treecrop-leaves-feed-rats-and-chickens/\">1</a>, <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/food-production-scaling-calculations/\">2</a>, <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/alternate-food-economics/\">3</a>, <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/growing-fungus-peat-or-lignite-coal/\">4</a>, <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/analyzing-nutrition-losing-sun-and-industry/\">5</a>, <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/experiments-growing-photosynthetic-food-loss-industry-scenarios/\">6</a>, <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/growing-fungus-partially-decomposed-ground-wood/\">7</a>, <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/making-new-plants-can-grow-well-nuclear-winter-tropics/\">8</a>, <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/feeding-treecrop-leaves-cellulose-digesting-animals/\">9</a><br/><br/></li><li>Clean meat &amp; animal product alternatives (<a href=\"https://www.openphilanthropy.org/research/cause-reports/animal-product-alternatives\">cause report</a>) (podcasts <a href=\"https://80000hours.org/podcast/episodes/bruce-friedrich-good-food-institute/\">1</a>, <a href=\"https://80000hours.org/podcast/episodes/marie-gibbons-clean-meat/\">2</a>) - example topic <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/future-animal-agriculture/\">1</a>, <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/important-data-meat-industry/\">2</a>, <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/environmental-impact-clean-meat/\">3</a><br/><br/></li><li>Industrial animal agriculture (<a href=\"https://80000hours.org/problem-profiles/factory-farming/\">problem profile</a>, <a href=\"https://www.openphilanthropy.org/research/cause-reports/treatment-animals-industrial-agriculture\">cause report</a>) (facebook group <a href=\"https://www.facebook.com/groups/460910714079232/\">1</a>, <a href=\"https://www.facebook.com/groups/EffectiveAnimalAdvocacy/\">2</a>) - bigger picture questions such as <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/wellbeing-evaluations-non-human-animals/\">Wellbeing evaluations for non-human animals,</a> <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/impact-economic-growth-animal-welfare/\">Impact of economic growth on animal welfare</a>, <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/welfare-consequences-eating-farmed-meat/\">Welfare consequences of eating farmed meat</a>, <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/future-animal-agriculture/\">Future of animal agriculture</a><br/><br/></li><li>Wild animal suffering (<a href=\"https://foundational-research.org/the-importance-of-wild-animal-suffering/\">problem profile</a>, <a href=\"https://animalcharityevaluators.org/advocacy-interventions/prioritizing-causes/causes-we-consider/#wild-animal-suffering\">cause profile</a>) (<a href=\"https://was-research.org/research-plan/\">research agenda</a>) (<a href=\"https://www.facebook.com/groups/suffering.in.nature/\">facebook group</a>) (<a href=\"http://www.stafforini.com/blog/wild/\">bibliography</a>) - example <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/humanitys-impact-wild-animal-suffering/\">1</a>, <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/importance-and-tractability-wild-animal-suffering-interventions/\">2</a>, <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/wildlife-management-and-wild-animal-suffering/\">3</a></li></ul><p></p><p>Want to do research in one of these paths? <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/thesis-coaching/\">Apply for our coaching</a> and we will help you find a specific topic, connect you with researchers already working on these problems, make sure your work will be made use of or give you other support you need. Please also note that these paths seem promising if you want to improve the world via <b>research</b>, General career advice including <i>non-research</i> high impact paths can be found <a href=\"http://80000hours.org/\">here</a>.</p><p>Do you have a suggestion for similarly high or even higher impact path than those listed? <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/contact/\">Contact us</a></p>", "biology": "<p>There are several paths we think might be especially high impact in making the world a better place. <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/how-choose-thesis/#impact\">Learn more here</a> on why do we think so. If you would like to get more specific research topic suggestions in any of these paths, try our <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/thesis-coaching/\">thesis topic coaching</a>. You can also join this <a href=\"https://www.facebook.com/groups/biologistsineffectivealtruism/\">facebook group</a>.<br/><br/></p><ul><li>Biosecurity (<a href=\"https://80000hours.org/problem-profiles/biosecurity/\">problem profile</a>, <a href=\"https://www.openphilanthropy.org/research/cause-reports/biosecurity\">cause report</a>) (podcast <a href=\"https://80000hours.org/podcast/episodes/we-are-not-worried-enough-about-the-next-pandemic/\">1</a>, <a href=\"https://80000hours.org/podcast/episodes/beth-cameron-pandemic-preparedness/\">2</a>, <a href=\"https://80000hours.org/podcast/episodes/owen-cotton-barratt-regulating-risky-research/\">3</a>) (<a href=\"https://www.facebook.com/groups/352652171814831/\">facebook group</a>) - e.g. <a href=\"https://www.openphilanthropy.org/research/cause-reports/research-and-development-decrease-biosecurity-risks-viral-pathogens\">this way</a> how to make a progress<br/><br/></li><li>Clean meat (<a href=\"https://www.openphilanthropy.org/research/cause-reports/animal-product-alternatives\">cause report</a>) (podcasts <a href=\"https://80000hours.org/podcast/episodes/bruce-friedrich-good-food-institute/\">1</a>, <a href=\"https://80000hours.org/podcast/episodes/marie-gibbons-clean-meat/\">2</a>) - getting relevant experience in stem cell biology, tissue engineering, biomaterials science, and chemical/bioprocess engineering<br/><br/></li><li>Biomedical research (<a href=\"https://80000hours.org/career-reviews/biomedical-research/\">career review</a>) (example <a href=\"https://www.openphilanthropy.org/focus/scientific-research/miscellaneous/university-of-california-san-francisco-chronic-pain-research\">1</a>, <a href=\"https://www.openphilanthropy.org/focus/scientific-research/miscellaneous/massachusetts-institute-technology-synthetic-neurobiology-group\">2</a>) - promising areas of biomedical research include neuroscience (<a href=\"https://www.nichd.nih.gov/health/topics/neuro/conditioninfo/study\">link 1</a>, <a href=\"https://www.aaas.org/programs/dialogue-science-ethics-and-religion/neuroscience-brain-mind\">link 2</a>, it can also allow progress on things like AI research or cognitive enhancement) and the development of tools and techniques (<a href=\"https://www.nature.com/collections/plfqrngchq/\">link</a>)<br/><br/></li><li>Anti-ageing research (<a href=\"https://www.openphilanthropy.org/research/cause-reports/scientific-research/mechanisms-aging\">cause report</a>, <a href=\"https://nickbostrom.com/aging/aging.html\">blog post 1</a>, <a href=\"https://www.fightaging.org/archives/2016/03/anders-sandberg-on-working-towards-radical-life-extension/\">blog post 2</a>) (<a href=\"https://www.facebook.com/groups/EAlifeextension/\">facebook group</a>) (<a href=\"https://docs.google.com/document/d/1AqEYFV8dKeT8UEEz-8bUVYgU2zIvMWyKKcw-JiYL9Ds/edit?fbclid=IwAR0TKKq-6KigUq4E6eiZ66mwtc8rwNDl2fifEfsIP-6NGFKXg-WhjGHXqGY#\">other resources</a>)<br/><br/></li><li>Alternative foods research (<a href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Feeding_Everyone_No_Matter_What\">problem profile</a>) (<a href=\"https://www.facebook.com/groups/2223747464333964/\">facebook group</a>) (<a href=\"https://docs.google.com/document/d/10Fu9XcztcKhCobRECl25z157iRwVfC3QeHj5T8J6raU/edit?usp=sharing\">research agenda</a>) (<a href=\"https://80000hours.org/podcast/episodes/david-denkenberger-allfed-and-feeding-everyone-no-matter-what/\">podcast</a>) (<a href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Feeding_Everyone_No_Matter_What\">book</a>) (<a href=\"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s13753-016-0097-2\">journal article</a>) - example <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/growing-fungus-peat-or-lignite-coal/\">1</a>, <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/experiments-growing-photosynthetic-food-loss-industry-scenarios/\">2</a>, <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/growing-bacteria-treecrop-leaves-feed-rats-and-chickens/\">3</a>, <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/food-production-scaling-calculations/\">4</a>, <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/quantifying-behavior-change-conserving-food/\">5</a>, <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/estimating-cost-industrially-produced-leaf-extract-sugar-quorn-and-animal-products-utilizing-agricultural-residues-and-tree-leaves/\">6</a>, <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/analyzing-nutrition-losing-sun-and-industry/\">7</a>, <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/feeding-treecrop-leaves-cellulose-digesting-animals/\">8</a>, <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/initial-food-production-scaling-calculations-alternate-foods/\">9</a>, <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/converting-residue-leaf-protein-extract-sugar-household-scale/\">10</a>, <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/growing-fungus-treecrop-leaves-household-scale/\">11</a>, <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/growing-fungus-partially-decomposed-ground-wood/\">12</a>, <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/making-new-plants-can-grow-well-nuclear-winter-tropics/\">13</a>, <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/demonstrate-growing-fungus-residue-paper-production/\">14</a><br/><br/></li><li>Animal suffering - especially matters of sentience and moral value (report <a href=\"https://www.openphilanthropy.org/2017-report-consciousness-and-moral-patienthood\">1</a>, <a href=\"https://forum.effectivealtruism.org/posts/cimFBQbpjntoBAKCq/is-it-better-to-be-a-wild-rat-or-a-factory-farmed-cow-a\">2</a>) - example <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/determining-moral-value-different-entities/\">1</a>, <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/metrics-animal-suffering/\">2</a>, <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/welfare-consequences-eating-farmed-meat/\">3</a>, <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/wellbeing-evaluations-non-human-animals/\">4</a>, <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/neurobiology-animal-suffering/\">5</a><br/><br/></li><li>Wild animal suffering (<a href=\"https://foundational-research.org/the-importance-of-wild-animal-suffering/\">problem profile</a>, <a href=\"https://animalcharityevaluators.org/advocacy-interventions/prioritizing-causes/causes-we-consider/#wild-animal-suffering\">cause profile</a>) (<a href=\"https://was-research.org/research-plan/\">research agenda</a>) (<a href=\"https://www.facebook.com/groups/suffering.in.nature/\">facebook group</a>) (<a href=\"http://www.stafforini.com/blog/wild/\">bibliography</a>) - example <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/wild-animal-suffering-and-evolutionary-biology/\">1</a>, <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/psychological-welfare-wild-animals/\">2</a>, <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/importance-and-tractability-wild-animal-suffering-interventions/\">3</a>, <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/humanitys-impact-wild-animal-suffering/\">4</a>, <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/population-dynamics-and-wild-animal-suffering/\">5</a>, <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/neurobiology-animal-suffering/\">6</a>, <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/metrics-animal-suffering/\">7</a>, <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/wild-animal-suffering-academic-field-growth/\">8</a>, <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/wildlife-management-and-wild-animal-suffering/\">9</a>, <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/welfare-economics-wild-animal-suffering/\">10</a>, <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/physical-welfare-wild-animals/\">11</a><br/><br/></li><li>Genetic engineering (<a href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tzyEntE6IHA\">talk</a>) (<a href=\"https://theconversation.com/five-reasons-we-should-embrace-gene-editing-research-on-human-embryos-51474\">blog post</a>) (<a href=\"https://www.media.mit.edu/groups/sculpting-evolution/updates/\">directory of multiple articles</a>)</li></ul><p></p><p>Want to do research in one of these paths? <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/thesis-coaching/\">Apply for our coaching</a> and we will help you find a specific topic, connect you with researchers already working on these problems, make sure your work will be made use of or give you other support you need. Please also note that these paths seem promising if you want to improve the world via <b>research</b>, Advice on what are some <i>non-research high impact positions</i> in biology can be found <a href=\"https://80000hours.org/articles/advice-by-expertise/#life-sciences-biology-medicine-and-healthcare\">here</a> or general career advice <a href=\"http://80000hours.org/\">here</a>.</p><p>Do you have a suggestion for similarly high or even higher impact path than those listed? <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/contact/\">Contact us</a></p>", "business": "<p>There are several paths we think might be especially high impact in making the world a better place. <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/how-choose-thesis/#impact\">Learn more here</a> on why do we think so. If you would like to get more specific research topic suggestions in any of these paths, try our <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/thesis-coaching/\">thesis topic coaching</a>.<br/></p><p>If you do business related studies, most of the high impact opportunities are probably in practice - you can do operations and management for an important non-profit or research organisation focused on one of the <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/how-choose-thesis/#impact\">most pressing problem areas</a>, or you can <a href=\"http://charityentrepreneurship.com/\">start such organisation</a> yourself. Another option is to seek for higher-earning career in business management, technology startups or finance and <a href=\"https://80000hours.org/career-guide/high-impact-jobs/#approach-1-earning-to-give\">earn to give</a>. We would, therefore, recommend choosing a topic which will help you learn skills that might be useful in these roles and contexts or a topic that is from a domain that important non-profit you\u2019d like to work in focuses on. If your research allow you to display high levels of rigour or some technical skills such as statistics or other data gathering and analysis, this might also be perceived as a bonus for your future employer.<br/><br/>If you would still like to have a direct impact via your research, you can apply your business perspective to following paths:<br/><br/></p><ul><li>Improving institutional decision making (<a href=\"https://80000hours.org/problem-profiles/improving-institutional-decision-making/\">problem profile</a>) (<a href=\"https://www.eaglobal.org/talks/improving-institutional-decision-making/\">conference talk</a>) (<a href=\"https://www.facebook.com/groups/1832948053436066/\">facebook group</a>) - case studies on how better practices have been implemented in organisations historically; historical analysis on what happened badly in the event of some big important decisions (for example, the decision to invade Iraq) - e.g. what were the system errors and what was the individual one...<br/><br/></li><li>Alternative foods research (<a href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Feeding_Everyone_No_Matter_What\">problem profile</a>) (<a href=\"https://www.facebook.com/groups/2223747464333964/\">facebook group</a>) (<a href=\"https://80000hours.org/podcast/episodes/david-denkenberger-allfed-and-feeding-everyone-no-matter-what/\">podcast</a>) (<a href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Feeding_Everyone_No_Matter_What\">book</a>) (<a href=\"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s13753-016-0097-2\">journal article</a>) - <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/develop-business-case-possibly-insurance-funding-alternate-foods/\">example topic</a><br/><br/></li><li>Clean meat &amp; animal product alternatives (<a href=\"https://www.openphilanthropy.org/research/cause-reports/animal-product-alternatives\">cause report</a>) (podcasts <a href=\"https://80000hours.org/podcast/episodes/bruce-friedrich-good-food-institute/\">1</a>, <a href=\"https://80000hours.org/podcast/episodes/marie-gibbons-clean-meat/\">2</a>) (paper<a href=\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0195666318308742?fbclid=IwAR2M34cWDDfgQ3C-go1fiIbCo2zkaXHQUnvDaucLqXNTJ2HOqlrvTQSWIV8\"> 1</a>, <a href=\"http://evavivalt.com/2017/11/clean-meat-is-not-a-panacea\">2</a>) - example topic <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/what-we-have-learnt-biofuels-industry-could-be-applicable-clean-meat/\">1</a>, <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/controversial-technologies-case-study/\">2</a><br/><br/></li><li>Industrial animal agriculture (<a href=\"https://80000hours.org/problem-profiles/factory-farming/\">problem profile</a>, <a href=\"https://www.openphilanthropy.org/research/cause-reports/treatment-animals-industrial-agriculture\">cause report</a>) (facebook group <a href=\"https://www.facebook.com/groups/460910714079232/\">1</a>, <a href=\"https://www.facebook.com/groups/EffectiveAnimalAdvocacy/\">2</a>) - example topic <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/future-animal-agriculture/\">1</a>, <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/future-meat-industry-and-meat-prices/\">2</a>, <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/important-data-meat-industry/\">3</a><br/><br/></li><li>Relations with China (<a href=\"https://80000hours.org/articles/china-careers/\">problem profile</a>)<br/><br/></li><li>Charitable giving (<a href=\"https://www.thelifeyoucansave.org/blog/id/1451/a-research-framework-to-improve-real-world-giving-behavior\">research topics</a>)<br/><br/></li><li>Environment for Business in Low-Income Countries (<a href=\"https://www.openphilanthropy.org/research/cause-reports/business-environment\">cause profile</a>)<br/><br/></li><li>Value adoption - <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/value-communication-and-spreading/\">example topic</a><br/><br/></li></ul><p>Want to do research in one of these paths? <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/thesis-coaching/\">Apply for our coaching</a> and we will help you find a specific topic, connect you with researchers already working on these problems, make sure your work will be made use of or give you other support you need. Please also note that these paths seem promising if you want to improve the world via <b>research</b>, General career advice including <i>non-research</i> high impact paths can be found <a href=\"http://80000hours.org/\">here</a>.</p><p>Do you have a suggestion for similarly high or even higher impact path than those listed? <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/contact/\">Contact us</a></p>", "communication media marketing": "<p>There are several paths we think might be especially high impact in making the world a better place. <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/how-choose-thesis/#impact\">Learn more here</a> on why do we think so. If you would like to get more specific research topic suggestions in any of these paths, try our <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/thesis-coaching/\">thesis topic coaching</a>.</p><p></p><p></p><ul><li>Messaging strategies in animal advocacy (read why animal welfare is an important problem to focus on here <a href=\"https://80000hours.org/problem-profiles/factory-farming/\">problem profile</a>, <a href=\"https://www.openphilanthropy.org/research/cause-reports/treatment-animals-industrial-agriculture\">cause report</a>) (facebook group <a href=\"https://www.facebook.com/groups/460910714079232/\">1</a>, <a href=\"https://www.facebook.com/groups/EffectiveAnimalAdvocacy/\">2</a>) - especially in the domain of plant-based products - e.g. how does different ways of putting them in them menus work, different packaging, labelling or basically anything that is a feature of the products<br/><br/></li><li>Consumer perception of clean meat &amp; animal product alternatives (<a href=\"https://www.openphilanthropy.org/research/cause-reports/animal-product-alternatives\">cause report</a>) (podcasts <a href=\"https://80000hours.org/podcast/episodes/bruce-friedrich-good-food-institute/\">1</a>, <a href=\"https://80000hours.org/podcast/episodes/marie-gibbons-clean-meat/\">2</a>) (paper <a href=\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0195666318308742?fbclid=IwAR2M34cWDDfgQ3C-go1fiIbCo2zkaXHQUnvDaucLqXNTJ2HOqlrvTQSWIV8\">1</a>, <a href=\"http://evavivalt.com/2017/11/clean-meat-is-not-a-panacea\">2</a>) - <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/consumer-perception-clean-meat/\">example topic</a><br/></li></ul><p></p><p>Want to do research in one of these paths? <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/thesis-coaching/\">Apply for our coaching</a> and we will help you find a specific topic, connect you with researchers already working on these problems, make sure your work will be made use of or give you other support you need. Please also note that these paths seem promising if you want to improve the world via <b>research</b>, Advice on what are some <i>non-research high impact positions</i> in marketing can be found <a href=\"https://80000hours.org/articles/advice-by-expertise/#marketing\">here</a>, in media, art and entertainment <a href=\"https://80000hours.org/articles/advice-by-expertise/#media-art-and-entertainment\">here</a> or general career advice <a href=\"http://80000hours.org/\">here</a>.</p><p>Do you have a suggestion for similarly high or even higher impact path than those listed? <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/contact/\">Contact us</a><br/></p>", "computer science": "<p>There are several paths we think might be especially high impact in making the world a better place. <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/how-choose-thesis/#impact\">Learn more here</a> on why do we think so. If you would like to get more specific research topic suggestions in any of these paths, try our <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/thesis-coaching/\">thesis topic coaching</a>.<br/></p><p>General advice:<br/><br/>Computer science skills are widely applicable both within and outside of the research world. Therefore, a good strategy might be to choose a topic which will allow you to significantly build your skills. With better skills, you will be able to have a much higher impact in the long-term than what you could have had directly via your thesis project. With that in mind as a priority, there still might be some topics and paths which will not only help you upskill but also allow you to have a direct impact with your thesis.</p><p>Potential large impact might be in switching from computer science to other research fields (biosecurity and biomedical research, global priorities research, decision making psychology) and using computer science skills there. In that case, it might be good to tailor your thesis accordingly to explore methods and context of the other discipline.<br/></p><p>Specific paths we consider high impact:</p><ul><li>Human-aligned artificial intelligence (<a href=\"https://80000hours.org/problem-profiles/positively-shaping-artificial-intelligence/\">problem profile</a>, <a href=\"https://www.openphilanthropy.org/research/cause-reports/ai-risk\">cause report</a>) (podcasts <a href=\"https://80000hours.org/podcast/episodes/jan-leike-ml-alignment/\">1</a>, <a href=\"https://80000hours.org/podcast/episodes/olsson-and-ziegler-ml-engineering-and-safety/\">2</a>, <a href=\"https://80000hours.org/podcast/episodes/paul-christiano-ai-alignment-solutions/\">3</a>, <a href=\"https://80000hours.org/podcast/episodes/the-world-needs-ai-researchers-heres-how-to-become-one/\">4</a>) (research agenda <a href=\"https://humancompatible.ai/bibliography\">1</a>, <a href=\"https://ai-alignment.com/iterated-distillation-and-amplification-157debfd1616\">2</a>, <a href=\"http://lukemuehlhauser.com/some-studies-which-could-improve-our-strategic-picture-of-superintelligence/\">3</a>) (<a href=\"https://80000hours.org/career-reviews/artificial-intelligence-risk-research/\">career review</a>) (facebook group <a href=\"https://www.facebook.com/groups/aisafetyopen/\">1</a>) (book <a href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Superintelligence:_Paths,_Dangers,_Strategies\">1</a>, <a href=\"https://g.co/kgs/msZmEy\">2</a>) - example topics <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/foundational-research-ai/\">1</a>, <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/capabilities-and-limitations-methods-gaining-high-assurance-semi-autonomous-systems/\">2</a>, <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/robustness-ai/\">3</a>, <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/preference-inference-ai/\">4</a>, <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/safe-exploration-ai/\">5</a>, <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/ai-takeoff-scenarios/\">6</a>, <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/computational-complexity-theory-and-ai-safety/\">7</a>, <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/security-implications-open-source-ai/\">8</a>, <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/moral-theory-and-artificial-intelligence/\">9</a>, <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/corrigibility-ai/\">10</a>, <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/size-ai-field/\">11</a>, <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/reward-engineering-ai/\">12</a>, <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/avoiding-reward-hacking-and-wireheading-ai/\">13</a>, <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/measuring-rathes-algorithmic-improvement/\">14</a>, <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/avoiding-negative-side-effects-ai/\">15</a>, <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/transparency-ai/\">16</a>, <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/interactive-ai/\">17</a>, <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/scalable-oversight-ai/\">18</a> - by far our most recommended path<br/><br/></li><li>Governance of artificial intelligence (<a href=\"https://80000hours.org/articles/ai-policy-guide/\">problem profile</a>) (podcast <a href=\"https://80000hours.org/podcast/episodes/allan-dafoe-politics-of-ai/\">1</a>, <a href=\"https://80000hours.org/podcast/episodes/the-world-desperately-needs-ai-strategists-heres-how-to-become-one/\">2</a>) (<a href=\"https://www.fhi.ox.ac.uk/wp-content/uploads/GovAIAgenda.pdf\">research agenda</a>) (<a href=\"https://www.fhi.ox.ac.uk/governance-ai-program/\">publications, jobs...</a>)<br/><br/></li><li>Predictions and forecasting (<a href=\"https://80000hours.org/podcast/episodes/prof-tetlock-predicting-the-future/\">podcast</a>) (<a href=\"https://www.metaculus.com/help/prediction-resources/\">list of resources</a>)<br/><br/></li><li>Security in bioinformatics (<a href=\"https://80000hours.org/problem-profiles/biosecurity/\">problem profile</a>, <a href=\"https://www.openphilanthropy.org/research/cause-reports/biosecurity\">cause report</a>) (<a href=\"https://80000hours.org/podcast/episodes/we-are-not-worried-enough-about-the-next-pandemic/\">podcast</a>) (<a href=\"https://www.facebook.com/groups/352652171814831/\">facebook group</a>)</li></ul><p></p><p>Want to do research in one of these paths? <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/thesis-coaching/\">Apply for our coaching</a> and we will help you find a specific topic. Please also note that these paths seem promising if you want to improve the world via <b>research</b>, Advice on what are some <i>non-research high impact positions</i> in computer science can be found <a href=\"https://80000hours.org/articles/advice-by-expertise/#software-engineering\">here</a> or general career advice <a href=\"http://80000hours.org/\">here</a>.</p><p>Do you have a suggestion for as high impact or even higher impact path than those listed? <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/contact/\">Contact us</a></p>", "economics": "<p>There are several paths we think might be especially high impact in making the world a better place. <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/how-choose-thesis/#impact\">Learn more here</a> on why do we think so. If you would like to get more specific research topic suggestions in any of these paths, try our <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/thesis-coaching/\">thesis topic coaching</a>.</p><p><br/></p><ul><li>Global priorities research (<a href=\"https://80000hours.org/problem-profiles/global-priorities-research/\">problem profile</a>) (<a href=\"https://80000hours.org/podcast/episodes/hilary-greaves-global-priorities-institute/?fbclid=IwAR0nOomCHG1J8GCPo5M3vcp8o-RCGgW2KCxOwpPZNegmq3iXFGdRnOI-R-s\">podcast</a>) (<a href=\"https://globalprioritiesinstitute.org/wp-content/uploads/gpi-research-agenda.pdf\">research agenda</a>) (<a href=\"https://www.facebook.com/groups/CausePrioritization/?ref=br_rs\">facebook group</a>) - including questions about the analysis of catastrophic tail risks and questions in discounting / optimal timing / <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/mission-hedging/\">mission hedging</a> - other examples <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/impact-economic-growth-animal-welfare/\">1</a>, <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/doing-good-now-vs-doing-good-later/\">2</a>, <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/distribution-cost-effectiveness-across-interventions/\">3</a>, <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/wellbeing-evaluations-non-human-animals/\">4</a>, <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/moral-trade-and-gains-trade/\">5</a>, <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/expected-impact-long-run-and-short-run-effects/\">6</a>, <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/fundamental-theorems-welfare-economics-and-altruism/\">7</a>, <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/evaluating-healthcare-interventions-relation-indirect-effects/\">8</a>, <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/altruistic-coordination-theory/\">9</a>, <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/trajectory-changes/\">10</a> or see the <a href=\"https://globalprioritiesinstitute.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/12/gpi-research-agenda.pdf\">research agenda</a><br/><br/><a href=\"https://www.forethought.org/undergraduate-thesis-prize\">Forethought foundation</a> has \u00a32,000 undergraduate thesis prize for promising economics undergraduates focusing on questions in global priorities research. Deadline for submissions is 1 July 2019. For masters and PhD students, Forethought foundation also awards <a href=\"https://www.forethought.org/global-priorities-fellowship\">The Global Priorities Fellowship</a>.<br/><br/></li></ul><p></p><ul><li>Governance of artificial intelligence (<a href=\"https://80000hours.org/articles/ai-policy-guide/\">problem profile</a>) (podcast <a href=\"https://80000hours.org/podcast/episodes/allan-dafoe-politics-of-ai/\">1</a>, <a href=\"https://80000hours.org/podcast/episodes/the-world-desperately-needs-ai-strategists-heres-how-to-become-one/\">2</a>) (<a href=\"https://www.fhi.ox.ac.uk/wp-content/uploads/GovAIAgenda.pdf\">research agenda</a>) (<a href=\"https://www.fhi.ox.ac.uk/governance-ai-program/\">publications, jobs...</a>)<br/><br/></li><li>Institutional decision making (<a href=\"https://80000hours.org/problem-profiles/improving-institutional-decision-making/\">problem profile</a>)<br/><br/></li><li>Macroeconomic policy (<a href=\"https://www.openphilanthropy.org/research/cause-reports/macroeconomic-policy\">problem profile</a>, <a href=\"https://www.openphilanthropy.org/research/cause-reports/macroeconomic-policy#Important_unresolved_research_questions\">research questions</a>) - aside of macro stabilization, long-termism perspective in macroeconomic policy might also be valuable<br/><br/></li><li>Object-level understanding of Chinese economy and politics / international affairs more generally (<a href=\"https://80000hours.org/articles/china-careers/\">problem profile</a>)<br/><br/></li><li>Labor mobility and immigration (<a href=\"https://www.openphilanthropy.org/research/cause-reports/labor-mobility\">problem profile</a>, <a href=\"https://openborders.info/practical-case/\">blog post</a>)<br/><br/></li><li>Health economics / Human welfare and mental health (<a href=\"https://forum.effectivealtruism.org/posts/FvbTKrEQWXwN5A6Tb/a-happiness-manifesto-why-and-how-effective-altruism-should\">cause profile</a>, <a href=\"https://forum.effectivealtruism.org/posts/XWSTBBH8gSjiaNiy7/cause-profile-mental-health\">problem profile</a>, <a href=\"https://forum.effectivealtruism.org/posts/if24DY4pW2FZPPT4G/mental-health-shallow-review\">shallow review</a>) (research agenda <a href=\"https://docs.google.com/document/d/15DqZNMfqRw4cOEcz3lpBM5jPoLWXnOIZ2IXznBH6Bf0/edit?usp=sharing\">1</a> )<br/><br/></li><li>Developmental economics (podcast <a href=\"https://80000hours.org/podcast/episodes/rachel-glennerster-best-buys-in-international-development/\">1</a>, <a href=\"https://80000hours.org/podcast/episodes/james-snowden-givewell-research/?fbclid=IwAR0dXdQXHw9ECLIr_HXlwXb9nIvUl5ObzNvv6_0HAtJ8CDgb7Xowuju7PKk\">2</a>, <a href=\"https://80000hours.org/podcast/episodes/claire-walsh-evidence-in-development/\">3</a>) - example topic <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/health-developing-world-and-educational-attainment/\">1</a>, <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/deworming-and-enhanced-vitamin-devta-study-replication/\">2</a>, <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/positive-psychology-interventions-elevating-poverty-3rd-world-countries/\">3</a>, <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/public-private-partnerships-education-developing-countries/\">4</a>, <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/multi-micronutrient-salt-fortification-effects-replication-studies/\">5</a>, <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/strategies-implementation-tobacco-taxation/\">6</a>, <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/conditional-cash-transfers-incentives-health-center-adherence/\">7</a>, <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/impact-unconditionial-cash-transfers-socioeconomic-variables/\">8</a></li></ul><p></p><p><br/></p><p></p><p>Want to do research in one of these paths? <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/thesis-coaching/\">Apply for our coaching</a> and we will help you find a specific topic, connect you with researchers already working on these problems, make sure your work will be made use of or give you other support you need. Please also note that these paths seem promising if you want to improve the world via <b>research</b>, Advice on what are some <i>non-research high impact positions</i> in economics can be found <a href=\"https://80000hours.org/articles/advice-by-expertise/#economics\">here</a> or general career advice <a href=\"http://80000hours.org/\">here</a>.</p><p>Do you have a suggestion for similarly high or even higher impact path than those listed? <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/contact/\">Contact us</a></p>", "education": "", "environmental science": "<p>There are several paths we think might be especially high impact in making the world a better place. <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/how-choose-thesis/#impact\">Learn more here</a> on why do we think so. If you would like to get more specific research topic suggestions in any of these paths, try our <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/thesis-coaching/\">thesis topic coaching</a>. You can also join this <a href=\"https://www.facebook.com/groups/1509936222639432/\">facebook group</a>.<br/><br/></p><ul><li>Cause prioritization research - What are the biggest environmental problems which might become existential risks and might influence human or animal welfare? What are the most important <a href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ecosystem_services\">ecosystem services</a> that are in danger? What are the most important planetary boundaries to focus on? (journal article <a href=\"http://science.sciencemag.org/content/347/6223/1259855\">1</a>, <a href=\"https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/iss_pub/37/\">2</a>) Is waste management a more important issue than palm oil or pesticides? Is global warming a larger problem than biodiversity loss or pollution?<br/><br/></li><li>Intervention prioritization research - What are the most cost-effective interventions within a cause area such as climate change (<a href=\"http://www.drawdown.org/\">website</a>) (<a href=\"https://www.drawdown.org/the-book\">book</a>) (<a href=\"http://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1748-9326/aa7541/meta\">journal article</a>) or food security (see alternate foods research)? Should we focus on consumer behavioral change, economic mechanisms such as carbon taxation or institutional change?<br/><br/></li><li>Clean meat &amp; animal product alternatives (<a href=\"https://www.openphilanthropy.org/research/cause-reports/animal-product-alternatives\">cause report</a>) (podcasts<a href=\"https://80000hours.org/podcast/episodes/bruce-friedrich-good-food-institute/\"> 1</a>,<a href=\"https://80000hours.org/podcast/episodes/marie-gibbons-clean-meat/\"> 2</a>) - example<a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/environmental-impact-clean-meat/\"> 1,</a> <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/what-we-have-learnt-biofuels-industry-could-be-applicable-clean-meat/\">2</a><br/><br/></li><li>Industrial animal agriculture (<a href=\"https://80000hours.org/problem-profiles/factory-farming/\">problem profile</a>,<a href=\"https://www.openphilanthropy.org/research/cause-reports/treatment-animals-industrial-agriculture\"> cause report</a>) (<a href=\"https://80000hours.org/podcast/episodes/lewis-bollard-end-factory-farming/?fbclid=IwAR2wvnqmT-bJMYtNJr8DaYPVWAPTfvV7UTVFXV10lmnHtK_6Cn1Y9Y3S30s\">podcast</a>) (facebook group<a href=\"https://www.facebook.com/groups/460910714079232/\"> 1</a>,<a href=\"https://www.facebook.com/groups/EffectiveAnimalAdvocacy/\"> 2</a>) - e.g. looking into emissions from livestock, disease risks from livestock, <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/future-meat-industry-and-meat-prices/\">this</a>, <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/future-animal-agriculture/\">this</a> and <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/important-data-meat-industry/\">this</a> example topic<br/><br/></li><li>Alternative foods research (<a href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Feeding_Everyone_No_Matter_What\">problem profile</a>) (<a href=\"https://www.facebook.com/groups/2223747464333964/\">facebook group</a>) (<a href=\"https://docs.google.com/document/d/10Fu9XcztcKhCobRECl25z157iRwVfC3QeHj5T8J6raU/edit?usp=sharing\">research agenda</a>) (<a href=\"https://80000hours.org/podcast/episodes/david-denkenberger-allfed-and-feeding-everyone-no-matter-what/\">podcast</a>) (<a href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Feeding_Everyone_No_Matter_What\">book</a>) (<a href=\"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s13753-016-0097-2\">journal article</a>)<br/><br/></li><li>Extreme risks from climate change (<a href=\"https://80000hours.org/problem-profiles/climate-change/\">problem profile</a>,<a href=\"https://www.givewell.org/shallow/climate-change/extreme-risks\"> cause report</a>,<a href=\"https://www.openphilanthropy.org/research/cause-reports/anthropogenic-climate-change\"> cause profile</a>) (<a href=\"http://johnhalstead.org/index.php/2018/10/17/climate-change-and-existential-risk/\">climate change and existential risk</a>) - e.g. what are the best crops in case of severe climate change? What are the most cost effective clean energy technologies?<br/><br/></li><li>Wild animal suffering (<a href=\"https://foundational-research.org/the-importance-of-wild-animal-suffering/\">problem profile</a>,<a href=\"https://animalcharityevaluators.org/advocacy-interventions/prioritizing-causes/causes-we-consider/#wild-animal-suffering\"> cause profile</a>) (<a href=\"https://was-research.org/research-plan/\">research agenda</a>) (<a href=\"https://www.facebook.com/groups/suffering.in.nature/\">facebook group</a>) (<a href=\"http://www.stafforini.com/blog/wild/\">bibliography</a>) - example topic<a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/humanitys-impact-wild-animal-suffering/\"> 1</a>,<a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/importance-and-tractability-wild-animal-suffering-interventions/\"> 2</a>,<a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/welfare-economics-wild-animal-suffering/\"> 3</a>, <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/wildlife-management-and-wild-animal-suffering/\">4</a>, <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/wild-animal-suffering-academic-field-growth/\">5</a><br/><br/></li></ul><p>Want to do research in one of these paths?<a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/thesis-coaching/\"> Apply for our coaching</a> and we will help you find a specific topic, connect you with researchers already working on these problems, make sure your work will be made use of or give you other support you need. Please also note that these paths seem promising if you want to improve the world via <b>research</b>, General career advice including non-research high impact paths can be found<a href=\"http://80000hours.org/\"> here</a>.</p><p>Do you have a suggestion for similarly high or even higher impact path than those listed? <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/contact/\">Contact us</a></p>", "history": "<p> Do you have a suggestion for similarly high or even higher impact path than those listed? <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/contact/\">Contact us</a> There are several paths we think might be especially high impact in making the world a better place. <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/how-choose-thesis/#impact\">Learn more here</a> on why do we think so. If you would like to get more specific research topic suggestions in any of these paths, try our <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/thesis-coaching/\">thesis topic coaching</a>.</p><ul><li>Global priorities research (<a href=\"https://80000hours.org/problem-profiles/global-priorities-research/\">problem profile</a>) (<a href=\"https://www.facebook.com/groups/CausePrioritization/?ref=br_rs\">facebook group</a>) - via studying areas relevant to long term arc of history and social change - e.g. <a href=\"https://www.openphilanthropy.org/research/history-of-philanthropy\">history of philanthropy</a>, history of happiness, <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/trajectory-changes/\">trajectory changes</a>, <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/future-evolution/\">future predictions</a><br/><br/></li><li>Movement building (<a href=\"https://www.effectivealtruism.org/articles/cause-profile-building-an-effective-altruism-community/\">problem profile</a>) - example <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/history-social-movements/\">1</a>, <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/history-successful-modern-socialintellectual-movement-outside-western-world/\">2</a>, <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/intellectual-history-advocating-future-generations-or-non-human-entities/\">3</a><br/><br/></li><li>Quantitative macrohistory - example <a href=\"http://web.archive.org/web/20180919105541/http://lukemuehlhauser.com/three-wild-speculations-from-amateur-quantitative-macrohistory/\">1</a>, <a href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Why_the_West_Rules%E2%80%94For_Now\">2</a>, <a href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Measure_of_Civilization\">3</a><br/><br/></li><li>China (<a href=\"https://80000hours.org/articles/china-careers/\">problem profile</a>) - example <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/history-how-ngos-or-political-movements-have-succeeded-china/\">1</a>, <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/history-successful-modern-socialintellectual-movement-outside-western-world/\">2</a>, <a href=\"https://books.google.cz/books/about/Destined_for_War.html?id=tcG7AQAACAAJ&amp;source=kp_book_description&amp;redir_esc=y\">3</a><br/><br/></li><li>Improving institutional decision making (<a href=\"https://80000hours.org/problem-profiles/improving-institutional-decision-making/\">problem profile</a>) (<a href=\"https://www.eaglobal.org/talks/improving-institutional-decision-making/\">conference talk</a>) (<a href=\"https://www.facebook.com/groups/1832948053436066/\">facebook group</a>) - case studies on how better practices have been implemented in organisations historically; historical analysis on what happened badly in the event of some big important decisions (for example, the decision to invade Iraq) - e.g. what were the system errors and what was the individual one...<br/><br/></li><li>Technological development - example <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/controversial-technologies-case-study/\">1</a>, <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/historical-analogies-narrow-ai-takeoff/\">2</a><br/><br/></li></ul><p>Want to do research in one of these paths? <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/thesis-coaching/\">Apply for our coaching</a> and we will help you find a specific topic. Please also note that these paths seem promising if you want to improve the world via <b>research</b>, Advice on what are some <i>non-research high impact positions</i> in history can be found <a href=\"https://80000hours.org/articles/advice-by-expertise/#strong-verbal-and-written-skills\">here</a> or general career advice <a href=\"http://80000hours.org/\">here</a>.</p><p> Do you have a suggestion for similarly high or even higher impact path than those listed? <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/contact/\">Contact us</a> </p>", "law": "<p>There are several paths we think might be especially high impact in making the world a better place. <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/how-choose-thesis/#impact\">Learn more here</a> on why do we think so. If you would like to get more specific research topic suggestions in any of these paths, try our <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/thesis-coaching/\">thesis topic coaching</a>.<br/></p><p>As a lawyer, you are probably well placed to get into <a href=\"https://80000hours.org/articles/advice-by-expertise/#government-and-policy\">government and policy</a> or <a href=\"https://80000hours.org/career-guide/high-impact-jobs/#approach-1-earning-to-give\">earn to give</a>. Consider these options alongside with research paths mentioned below.</p><p>In research, we would generally recommend topics which are neglected by the market economy, such as:<br/><br/> Extinction risks (<a href=\"https://80000hours.org/articles/extinction-risk/\">about</a>)</p><ul><li>Artificial Intelligence policy (<a href=\"https://80000hours.org/articles/ai-policy-guide/\">problem profile</a>) (podcast <a href=\"https://80000hours.org/podcast/episodes/allan-dafoe-politics-of-ai/\">1</a>, <a href=\"https://80000hours.org/podcast/episodes/the-world-desperately-needs-ai-strategists-heres-how-to-become-one/\">2</a>) (<a href=\"https://www.fhi.ox.ac.uk/wp-content/uploads/GovAIAgenda.pdf\">research agenda</a>) (<a href=\"https://www.fhi.ox.ac.uk/governance-ai-program/\">publications, jobs...</a>)  - example topics <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/prospects-cooperation-international-relations-about-artificial-intelligence-and-other-potentially-dangerous-tech/\">1</a>, <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/international-regulation-ai/\">2</a>, <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/surveillance-necessary-control-rogue-ainano-developers/\">3</a> , drawing lessons from dangerous weapons already deployed (how they were deployed legally, reactions of the international lawmakers..), specific examples of regulations would also be useful to create</li><li>Biosecurity policy (<a href=\"https://80000hours.org/problem-profiles/biosecurity/\">problem profile</a>, <a href=\"https://www.openphilanthropy.org/research/cause-reports/biosecurity\">cause report</a>) (podcast <a href=\"https://80000hours.org/podcast/episodes/tom-inglesby-health-security/\">1</a>, <a href=\"https://80000hours.org/podcast/episodes/owen-cotton-barratt-regulating-risky-research/\">2</a>) (<a href=\"https://www.facebook.com/groups/352652171814831/\">facebook group</a>)</li></ul><p>Global development</p><ul><li>Labor mobility and immigration policy (<a href=\"https://www.openphilanthropy.org/research/cause-reports/labor-mobility\">problem profile</a>, <a href=\"https://openborders.info/practical-case/\">blog post</a>) - <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/openness-immigration/\">example topic</a> - also, it may help to frame the case for immigration in language of human rights and international laws, founding principles, etc\u2026,</li><li>Tobacco taxation (<a href=\"https://80000hours.org/problem-profiles/tobacco/\">problem profile</a>) - <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/strategies-implementation-tobacco-taxation/\">example topic</a></li><li>Increasing access to pain relief in developing countries (<a href=\"https://forum.effectivealtruism.org/posts/nsCFsRjfW6b72gJuB/increasing-access-to-pain-relief-in-developing-countries-an\">blog post</a>)</li></ul><p>How policy-making works - this falls into Improving institutional decision making (<a href=\"https://80000hours.org/problem-profiles/improving-institutional-decision-making/\">problem profile</a>) (<a href=\"https://www.eaglobal.org/talks/improving-institutional-decision-making/\">conference talk</a>) (<a href=\"https://www.facebook.com/groups/1832948053436066/\">facebook group</a>) - e.g. assessing influence that specific policies actually had (were there any prosecutions after the laws enabling prosecuting animal cruelty passed?)<br/></p><p>Generally very promising fields:</p><ul><li>Security and risk surveillance (read more <a href=\"https://www.fhi.ox.ac.uk/surveillance_transparency/\">1</a>, <a href=\"https://www.vox.com/future-perfect/2018/11/19/18097663/nick-bostrom-vulnerable-world-global-catastrophic-risks\">2</a>)</li><li>International relations, especially with China (<a href=\"https://80000hours.org/articles/china-careers/\">read more</a>)</li></ul><p></p><p>Animal Welfare (<a href=\"https://80000hours.org/problem-profiles/factory-farming/\">problem profile</a>, <a href=\"https://www.openphilanthropy.org/research/cause-reports/treatment-animals-industrial-agriculture\">cause report</a>) (facebook group <a href=\"https://www.facebook.com/groups/460910714079232/\">1</a>, <a href=\"https://www.facebook.com/groups/EffectiveAnimalAdvocacy/\">2</a>)</p><ul><li>False advertising and animal agriculture - e.g. survey on what people actually think \u201cnatural\u201d or \u201chumane\u201d means and what the courts have said about these kind of issues in the past<br/></li><li>History of development of animal cruelty laws and how these laws were enforced<br/>- e.g. these laws are most often applied to pets, not farmed animals, there are very few cases when it was applied to farm animals - finding a way how to apply it to customary farming practices might be useful<br/></li><li>Drafting the legislation for a specific political group (e.g. for the Netherlands&quot; <a href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Party_for_the_Animals\">Party for the Animals</a>)<br/></li><li>Research about the right to rescue farm animals from extreme suffering</li></ul><p></p><p>Topics which are also important but less recommended since they are market-driven and therefore less neglected:</p><ul><li>Clean meat regulations (<a href=\"https://www.openphilanthropy.org/research/cause-reports/animal-product-alternatives\">cause report</a>) (podcasts <a href=\"https://80000hours.org/podcast/episodes/bruce-friedrich-good-food-institute/\">1</a>, <a href=\"https://80000hours.org/podcast/episodes/marie-gibbons-clean-meat/\">2</a>) - example topic <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/comparation-regulatory-framework-clean-meat/\">1</a>, <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/market-designations-animal-vs-plant-based-products/\">2</a> - exploratory work (e.g. analysis of which state would be most favourable to incorporate clean meat company could still be valuable )</li><li>Autonomous vehicles regulations</li></ul><p></p><p>Want to do research in one of these paths? <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/thesis-coaching/\">Apply for our coaching</a> and we will help you find a specific topic, connect you with researchers already working on these problems, make sure your work will be made use of or give you other support you need. Please also note that these paths seem promising if you want to improve the world via <b>research</b>, Advice on what are some <i>non-research high impact positions</i> in law can be found <a href=\"https://80000hours.org/articles/advice-by-expertise/#law\">here</a> or general career advice <a href=\"http://80000hours.org/\">here</a>.<br/></p><p>Do you have a suggestion for similarly high or even higher impact path than those listed? <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/contact/\">Contact us</a></p>", "mathematics statistics": "<p>There are several paths we think might be especially high impact in making the world a better place. <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/how-choose-thesis/#impact\">Learn more here</a> on why do we think so. If you would like to get more specific research topic suggestions in any of these paths, try our <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/thesis-coaching/\">thesis topic coaching</a>.<br/><br/></p><p>General advice:<br/><br/>Mathematical and statistical skills are widely applicable both within and outside of the research world. Therefore, a good strategy might be to choose a topic which will allow you to significantly build your skills. With better skills, you will be able to have a much higher impact in the long-term than what you could have had directly via your thesis project. With that in mind as a priority, there still might be some topics and paths which will not only help you upskill but also allow you to have a direct impact with your thesis.<br/></p><p>Alternatively, undergraduate and master&#x27;s students in statistics with an interest in PhD in other field using statistical or machine learning methods (such as <a href=\"https://80000hours.org/career-reviews/economics-phd/\">Economics</a>, Political Science, Computer Science, Sociology, Psychology, and others) could tailor their thesis accordingly.<br/><br/><br/>Specific paths we consider high impact:</p><ul><li>Human-aligned artificial intelligence (<a href=\"https://80000hours.org/problem-profiles/positively-shaping-artificial-intelligence/\">problem profile</a>, podcasts <a href=\"https://80000hours.org/podcast/episodes/jan-leike-ml-alignment/\">1</a>, <a href=\"https://80000hours.org/podcast/episodes/olsson-and-ziegler-ml-engineering-and-safety/\">2</a>, <a href=\"https://80000hours.org/podcast/episodes/paul-christiano-ai-alignment-solutions/\">3</a>, <a href=\"https://80000hours.org/podcast/episodes/the-world-needs-ai-researchers-heres-how-to-become-one/\">4</a>) (research agenda <a href=\"https://humancompatible.ai/bibliography\">1</a>, <a href=\"https://ai-alignment.com/iterated-distillation-and-amplification-157debfd1616\">2</a>, <a href=\"http://lukemuehlhauser.com/some-studies-which-could-improve-our-strategic-picture-of-superintelligence/\">3</a>) (<a href=\"https://80000hours.org/career-reviews/artificial-intelligence-risk-research/\">career review</a>) (facebook group <a href=\"https://www.facebook.com/groups/aisafetyopen/\">1</a>)  (book <a href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Superintelligence:_Paths,_Dangers,_Strategies\">1</a>, <a href=\"https://g.co/kgs/msZmEy\">2</a>) - statistics departments differ in how friendly they are to modern machine learning methods, but many students may be able to work on topics related to reinforcement learning or robustness to distributional shift<br/><br/></li><li>Biosecurity - via pandemics modelling (<a href=\"https://80000hours.org/problem-profiles/biosecurity/\">problem profile</a>, <a href=\"https://www.openphilanthropy.org/research/cause-reports/biosecurity\">cause report</a>) (podcast <a href=\"https://80000hours.org/podcast/episodes/we-are-not-worried-enough-about-the-next-pandemic/\">1</a>, <a href=\"https://80000hours.org/podcast/episodes/owen-cotton-barratt-regulating-risky-research/\">2</a>) (<a href=\"https://www.facebook.com/groups/352652171814831/\">facebook group</a>)<br/><br/></li><li>Global priorities research (<a href=\"https://80000hours.org/problem-profiles/global-priorities-research/\">problem profile</a>) (<a href=\"https://80000hours.org/podcast/episodes/hilary-greaves-global-priorities-institute/?fbclid=IwAR0nOomCHG1J8GCPo5M3vcp8o-RCGgW2KCxOwpPZNegmq3iXFGdRnOI-R-s\">podcast</a>) (<a href=\"https://globalprioritiesinstitute.org/wp-content/uploads/gpi-research-agenda.pdf\">research agenda</a>) (<a href=\"https://www.facebook.com/groups/CausePrioritization/?ref=br_rs\">facebook group</a>) - use of statistical models for prioritisation, macrohistory, modelling of risks, make use of training in probability, decision theory<br/><br/></li><li>Decision-making psychology, especially related to developing statistical methods for improving human forecasting (<a href=\"https://80000hours.org/problem-profiles/improving-institutional-decision-making/\">problem profile</a>) (<a href=\"https://80000hours.org/podcast/episodes/prof-tetlock-predicting-the-future/\">podcast</a>) (<a href=\"https://www.eaglobal.org/talks/improving-institutional-decision-making/\">conference talk</a>)<br/></li></ul><p></p><p>Want to do research in one of these paths? <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/thesis-coaching/\">Apply for our coaching</a> and we will help you find a specific topic, connect you with researchers already working on these problems, make sure your work will be made use of or give you other support you need. Please also note that these paths seem promising if you want to improve the world via <b>research</b>, General career advice including <i>non-research</i> high impact paths can be found <a href=\"http://80000hours.org/\">here</a>.</p><p>Do you have a suggestion for similarly high or even higher impact path than those listed? <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/contact/\">Contact us</a><br/></p>", "medicine": "<p>There are several paths we think might be especially high impact in making the world a better place. <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/how-choose-thesis/#impact\">Learn more here</a> on why do we think so. If you would like to get more specific research topic suggestions in any of these paths, try our <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/thesis-coaching/\">thesis topic coaching</a>.<br/><br/></p><ul><li>Biosecurity (<a href=\"https://80000hours.org/problem-profiles/biosecurity/\">problem profile</a>, <a href=\"https://www.openphilanthropy.org/research/cause-reports/biosecurity\">cause report</a>) (podcast <a href=\"https://80000hours.org/podcast/episodes/we-are-not-worried-enough-about-the-next-pandemic/\">1</a>, <a href=\"https://80000hours.org/podcast/episodes/beth-cameron-pandemic-preparedness/\">2</a>, <a href=\"https://80000hours.org/podcast/episodes/owen-cotton-barratt-regulating-risky-research/\">3</a>) (<a href=\"https://www.facebook.com/groups/352652171814831/\">facebook group</a>) - e.g. <a href=\"https://www.openphilanthropy.org/research/cause-reports/research-and-development-decrease-biosecurity-risks-viral-pathogens\">this way</a> how to make a progress   <br/><br/></li><li>Biomedical research (<a href=\"https://80000hours.org/career-reviews/biomedical-research/\">career review</a>) (example <a href=\"https://www.openphilanthropy.org/focus/scientific-research/miscellaneous/university-of-california-san-francisco-chronic-pain-research\">1</a>, <a href=\"https://www.openphilanthropy.org/focus/scientific-research/miscellaneous/massachusetts-institute-technology-synthetic-neurobiology-group\">2</a>) - promising areas of biomedical research include neuroscience (<a href=\"https://www.nichd.nih.gov/health/topics/neuro/conditioninfo/study\">link 1</a>, <a href=\"https://www.aaas.org/programs/dialogue-science-ethics-and-religion/neuroscience-brain-mind\">link 2</a>, it can also allow progress on things like AI research or cognitive enhancement) and the development of tools and techniques (<a href=\"https://www.nature.com/collections/plfqrngchq/\">link</a>)<br/><br/></li><li>Anti-ageing research (<a href=\"https://www.openphilanthropy.org/research/cause-reports/scientific-research/mechanisms-aging\">cause report</a>, <a href=\"https://nickbostrom.com/aging/aging.html\">blog post 1</a>, <a href=\"https://www.fightaging.org/archives/2016/03/anders-sandberg-on-working-towards-radical-life-extension/\">blog post 2</a>) (<a href=\"https://www.facebook.com/groups/EAlifeextension/\">facebook group</a>) (<a href=\"https://docs.google.com/document/d/1AqEYFV8dKeT8UEEz-8bUVYgU2zIvMWyKKcw-JiYL9Ds/edit?fbclid=IwAR0TKKq-6KigUq4E6eiZ66mwtc8rwNDl2fifEfsIP-6NGFKXg-WhjGHXqGY#\">other resources</a>)</li></ul><p></p><p>Want to do research in one of these paths? <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/thesis-coaching/\">Apply for our coaching</a> and we will help you find a specific topic, connect you with researchers already working on these problems, make sure your work will be made use of or give you other support you need. Please also note that these paths seem promising if you want to improve the world via <b>research</b>, Advice on what are some <i>non-research high impact positions</i> in medicine can be found <a href=\"https://80000hours.org/articles/advice-by-expertise/#life-sciences-biology-medicine-and-healthcare\">here</a> or general career advice <a href=\"http://80000hours.org/\">here</a>.</p><p>Do you have a suggestion for similarly high or even higher impact path than those listed? <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/contact/\">Contact us</a></p>", "philosophy": "<p>There are several paths we think might be especially high impact in making the world a better place. <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/how-choose-thesis/#impact\">Learn more here</a> on why do we think so. If you would like to get more specific research topic suggestions in any of these paths, try our <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/thesis-coaching/\">thesis topic coaching</a>.<br/><br/></p><ul><li>Global priorities research and existential risks (<a href=\"https://80000hours.org/problem-profiles/global-priorities-research/\">problem profile</a>) (podcasts <a href=\"https://80000hours.org/podcast/episodes/will-macaskill-moral-philosophy/?fbclid=IwAR3rGRzez-oL45W0QAyxRGARvlRimEtNH4sa54VId0KDjJ9MuLeo_kZJr4A\">1</a>, <a href=\"https://80000hours.org/podcast/episodes/hilary-greaves-global-priorities-institute/?fbclid=IwAR0nOomCHG1J8GCPo5M3vcp8o-RCGgW2KCxOwpPZNegmq3iXFGdRnOI-R-s\">2</a>, <a href=\"https://80000hours.org/podcast/episodes/amanda-askell-moral-empathy/?fbclid=IwAR0Cd2lyWsw6Hi-7c0y6AYCO3ZMGPpZGU-TUGM6bUHeyNXXMOQwddQOEWWA\">3</a>) (<a href=\"https://globalprioritiesinstitute.org/wp-content/uploads/gpi-research-agenda.pdf\">research agenda</a>) (<a href=\"https://www.facebook.com/groups/CausePrioritization/?ref=br_rs\">facebook group</a>) - relevant subfields include moral philosophy, decision theory, epistemology - for example topics see the <a href=\"https://globalprioritiesinstitute.org/wp-content/uploads/gpi-research-agenda.pdf\">research agenda</a><br/><br/> <a href=\"https://www.forethought.org/undergraduate-thesis-prize\">Forethought foundation</a> has \u00a32,000 undergraduate thesis prize for promising philosophy undergraduates focusing on questions in global priorities research. Deadline for submissions is 1 July 2019. For masters and PhD students, Forethought foundation also awards <a href=\"https://www.forethought.org/global-priorities-fellowship\">The Global Priorities Fellowship</a>.<br/><br/></li></ul><p></p><p>Want to do research in one of these paths? <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/thesis-coaching/\">Apply for our coaching</a> and we will help you find a specific topic, connect you with researchers already working on these problems, make sure your work will be made use of or give you other support you need. Please also note that these paths seem promising if you want to improve the world via <b>research</b>, Advice on what are some <i>non-research high impact positions</i> in philosophy can be found <a href=\"https://80000hours.org/articles/advice-by-expertise/#philosophy\">here</a> or general career advice <a href=\"http://80000hours.org/\">here</a>.</p><p>Do you have a suggestion for similarly high or even higher impact path than those listed? <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/contact/\">Contact us</a></p>", "physics": "<p>There are several paths we think might be especially high impact in making the world a better place. <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/how-choose-thesis/#impact\">Learn more here</a> on why do we think so. If you would like to get more specific research topic suggestions in any of these paths, try our <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/thesis-coaching/\">thesis topic coaching</a>.<br/></p><p>Physics mindset is often useful to work on many problems outside of the area traditionally considered physics. In particular, there is an easy path to work on machine learning and human-compatible AI.<br/><br/> Specific paths we consider high impact:<br/><br/></p><ul><li>Global priorities research (<a href=\"https://80000hours.org/problem-profiles/global-priorities-research/\">problem profile</a>) (<a href=\"https://80000hours.org/podcast/episodes/hilary-greaves-global-priorities-institute/?fbclid=IwAR0nOomCHG1J8GCPo5M3vcp8o-RCGgW2KCxOwpPZNegmq3iXFGdRnOI-R-s\">podcast</a>) (<a href=\"https://globalprioritiesinstitute.org/wp-content/uploads/gpi-research-agenda.pdf\">research agenda</a>) (<a href=\"https://www.facebook.com/groups/CausePrioritization/?ref=br_rs\">facebook group</a>)<br/><br/></li><li>Technical AI safety (<a href=\"https://80000hours.org/problem-profiles/positively-shaping-artificial-intelligence/\">problem profile</a>, <a href=\"https://www.openphilanthropy.org/research/cause-reports/ai-risk\">cause report</a>, podcasts <a href=\"https://80000hours.org/podcast/episodes/jan-leike-ml-alignment/\">1</a>, <a href=\"https://80000hours.org/podcast/episodes/olsson-and-ziegler-ml-engineering-and-safety/\">2</a>, <a href=\"https://80000hours.org/podcast/episodes/paul-christiano-ai-alignment-solutions/\">3</a>, <a href=\"https://80000hours.org/podcast/episodes/the-world-needs-ai-researchers-heres-how-to-become-one/\">4</a>, research agenda <a href=\"https://humancompatible.ai/bibliography\">1</a>, <a href=\"https://ai-alignment.com/iterated-distillation-and-amplification-157debfd1616\">2</a>, <a href=\"http://lukemuehlhauser.com/some-studies-which-could-improve-our-strategic-picture-of-superintelligence/\">3</a>, <a href=\"https://80000hours.org/career-reviews/artificial-intelligence-risk-research/\">career review</a>) (book <a href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Superintelligence:_Paths,_Dangers,_Strategies\">1</a>, <a href=\"https://g.co/kgs/msZmEy\">2</a>) <br/><br/></li><li>Governance of Artificial Intelligence (<a href=\"https://80000hours.org/articles/ai-policy-guide/\">problem profile</a>) (podcast <a href=\"https://80000hours.org/podcast/episodes/allan-dafoe-politics-of-ai/\">1</a>, <a href=\"https://80000hours.org/podcast/episodes/the-world-desperately-needs-ai-strategists-heres-how-to-become-one/\">2</a>) (<a href=\"https://www.fhi.ox.ac.uk/governance-ai-program/\">publications, jobs...</a>)<br/><br/></li><li>Social movement building (<a href=\"https://www.effectivealtruism.org/articles/cause-profile-building-an-effective-altruism-community/\">cause profile</a>) - e.g. via network science looking at questions such as <a href=\"https://forum.effectivealtruism.org/posts/kR4fpHjEM8SvQjEFJ/optimal-level-of-hierarchy-for-effective-altruism\">how the movement should be structured</a><br/></li></ul><p>Want to do research in one of these paths? <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/thesis-coaching/\">Apply for our coaching</a> and we will help you find a specific topic, connect you with researchers already working on these problems, make sure your work will be made use of or give you other support you need. Please also note that these paths seem promising if you want to improve the world via <b>research</b>, General career advice including <i>non-research</i> high impact paths can be found <a href=\"http://80000hours.org/\">here</a>.</p><p>Do you have a suggestion for similarly high or even higher impact path than those listed? <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/contact/\">Contact us</a></p>", "political science": "<p>There are several paths we think might be especially high impact in making the world a better place. <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/how-choose-thesis/#impact\">Learn more here</a> on why do we think so. If you would like to get more specific research topic suggestions in any of these paths, try our <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/thesis-coaching/\">thesis topic coaching</a>.</p><p></p><ul><li>International cooperation on reducing global catastrophic risks (especially risks stemming from emerging technologies like artificial intelligence or advanced biotechnology) - example topic <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/prospects-cooperation-international-relations-about-artificial-intelligence-and-other-potentially-dangerous-tech/\">1</a>, <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/international-regulation-ai/\">2</a>, see also <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/finished/\">finished theses</a> on this topic<br/><br/></li><li>Relations with China (<a href=\"https://80000hours.org/articles/china-careers/\">problem profile</a>)<br/><br/></li><li>Improving voting systems (<a href=\"https://www.electionscience.org/commentary-analysis/voting-methods-an-open-target-for-effective-altruism/\">cause profile</a>) (<a href=\"https://80000hours.org/podcast/episodes/aaron-hamlin-voting-reform/\">podcast</a>) - e.g.case studies of attempts at creating voting reforms -&gt; check also <a href=\"https://www.ssc.wisc.edu/~wright/ERU.htm\">this</a> and <a href=\"https://blog.ycombinator.com/rfs-news-jobs-and-democracy/\">this</a> suggestion on how to generally improve democracy<br/><br/></li><li>Governance of surveillance (<a href=\"https://nickbostrom.com/papers/vulnerable.pdf?platform=hootsuite&amp;fbclid=IwAR3veuwhtqUPpFR-uBRw13A35E6cXwmZEXfIh2RB6J4e6NgnA5p7TQcX3-U\">this</a> paper by Nick Bostrom) (<a href=\"https://www.effectivealtruism.org/articles/ea-global-2018-the-future-of-surveillance/\">conference talk</a>)- surveillance will likely increase in future and we want to make sure it\u2019s governed in a way that produces good outcomes rather than bad (e.g. totalitarian regime)<br/><br/></li><li>Improving institutional decision making (<a href=\"https://80000hours.org/problem-profiles/improving-institutional-decision-making/\">problem profile</a>) (<a href=\"https://www.eaglobal.org/talks/improving-institutional-decision-making/\">conference talk</a>) (<a href=\"https://www.facebook.com/groups/1832948053436066/\">facebook group</a>) - case studies on how better practices have been implemented in organisations historically; historical analysis on what happened badly in the event of some big important decisions (for example, the decision to invade Iraq) - e.g. what were the system errors and what was the individual one, case study on ballot initiatives on EA topics, e.g. on animal welfare, foreign aid, policies helping future generations/long term future,, etc..<br/><br/></li><li>Governance of artificial intelligence (<a href=\"https://80000hours.org/articles/ai-policy-guide/\">problem profile</a>) (podcast <a href=\"https://80000hours.org/podcast/episodes/allan-dafoe-politics-of-ai/\">1</a>, <a href=\"https://80000hours.org/podcast/episodes/the-world-desperately-needs-ai-strategists-heres-how-to-become-one/\">2</a>) (<a href=\"https://www.fhi.ox.ac.uk/wp-content/uploads/GovAIAgenda.pdf\">research agenda</a>) (<a href=\"https://www.fhi.ox.ac.uk/governance-ai-program/\">publications, jobs...</a>)</li></ul><p></p><p>Want to do research in one of these paths? <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/thesis-coaching/\">Apply for our coaching</a> and we will help you find a specific topic, connect you with researchers already working on these problems, make sure your work will be made use of or give you other support you need. Please also note that these paths seem promising if you want to improve the world via <b>research</b>, General career advice including <i>non-research</i> high impact paths can be found <a href=\"http://80000hours.org/\">here</a>.</p><p>Do you have a suggestion for similarly high or even higher impact path than those listed? <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/contact/\">Contact us</a><br/><br/></p>", "psychology": "<p>There are several paths we think might be especially high impact in making the world a better place. <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/how-choose-thesis/#impact\">Learn more here</a> on why do we think so. If you would like to get more specific research topic suggestions in any of these paths, try our <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/thesis-coaching/\">thesis topic coaching</a>. You can also join this <a href=\"https://www.facebook.com/groups/1275690949170991/\">facebook group</a>.<br/><br/></p><ul><li>Improving institutional decision making (<a href=\"https://80000hours.org/problem-profiles/improving-institutional-decision-making/\">problem profile</a>) (<a href=\"https://www.eaglobal.org/talks/improving-institutional-decision-making/\">conference talk</a>) (<a href=\"https://www.facebook.com/groups/1832948053436066/\">facebook group</a>) - e.g. how policymakers work with evidence and how good is their decision making (<a href=\"http://www.zachgroff.com/2018/09/what-i-learned-from-year-spent-studying.html?m=1\">blog post</a>); critically reflect on the relevance of different cognitive biases in the context of decision-making in institutions (<a href=\"http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/95233/1/WRAP_Theses_Whittlestone_2017.pdf\">this study</a>); case studies on how better practices have been implemented in organisations historically; developing better methods for evaluating quality of arguments when there is no &quot;correct&quot; answer (<a href=\"https://www.iarpa.gov/index.php/research-programs/create\">example 1</a>, <a href=\"https://www.openphilanthropy.org/giving/grants/university-pennsylvania-philip-tetlock-making-conversations-smarter-faster\">example 2</a>, <a href=\"https://bayesiandelphi.org/\">example 3</a>), trying how <a href=\"https://www.openphilanthropy.org/blog/efforts-improve-accuracy-our-judgments-and-forecasts#Calibration_training\">calibration training</a> or <a href=\"https://www.scribd.com/document/353070235/structured-analytic-techniques-pdf\">structured analytic techniques</a> work in real life scenarios and many more...<br/><br/></li><li>Industrial animal agriculture (<a href=\"https://80000hours.org/problem-profiles/factory-farming/\">problem profile</a>, <a href=\"https://www.openphilanthropy.org/research/cause-reports/treatment-animals-industrial-agriculture\">cause report</a>) (research agenda <a href=\"https://researchfund.animalcharityevaluators.org/focus-areas/\">1</a>, <a href=\"https://www.sentienceinstitute.org/research-agenda\">2</a>) (facebook group <a href=\"https://www.facebook.com/groups/460910714079232/\">1</a>, <a href=\"https://www.facebook.com/groups/EffectiveAnimalAdvocacy/\">2</a>) - research on intervention effectiveness aiming at persuade people to decrease animal products consumption - example topic <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/animal-advocacy-messaging-strategies-rct/\">1</a>, <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/influence-books-and-documentaries-individual-meat-consumption/\">2</a>, <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/support-programs-reducing-meat-consumption/\">3</a>, <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/effect-humane-education-meat-consumption/\">4</a>, <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/effect-pay-view-videos-meat-consumption/\">5</a> <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/effect-feafleting-meat-consumption/\">6</a>, <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/poll-survey-moral-circle/\">7</a>, <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/discussing-moral-circle/\">8</a>, <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/compassion-other-humans-and-nonhumans/\">9</a>, <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/impact-protests-meat-consumption/\">10</a>, <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/effect-pledges-meat-consumption/\">11</a>, <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/effect-investigation-meat-consumption/\">12</a>, <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/effect-online-ads-meat-consumption/\">13</a><br/><br/></li><li>Consumer perception of clean meat &amp; animal product alternatives (<a href=\"https://www.openphilanthropy.org/research/cause-reports/animal-product-alternatives\">cause report</a>) (podcasts <a href=\"https://80000hours.org/podcast/episodes/bruce-friedrich-good-food-institute/\">1</a>, <a href=\"https://80000hours.org/podcast/episodes/marie-gibbons-clean-meat/\">2</a>) (paper <a href=\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0195666318308742?fbclid=IwAR2M34cWDDfgQ3C-go1fiIbCo2zkaXHQUnvDaucLqXNTJ2HOqlrvTQSWIV8\">1</a>, <a href=\"http://evavivalt.com/2017/11/clean-meat-is-not-a-panacea\">2</a>) - <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/consumer-perception-clean-meat/\">example topic</a><br/><br/></li><li>Human Welfare and Mental Health (<a href=\"https://forum.effectivealtruism.org/posts/FvbTKrEQWXwN5A6Tb/a-happiness-manifesto-why-and-how-effective-altruism-should\">cause profile</a>, <a href=\"https://forum.effectivealtruism.org/posts/XWSTBBH8gSjiaNiy7/cause-profile-mental-health\">problem profile</a>, <a href=\"https://forum.effectivealtruism.org/posts/if24DY4pW2FZPPT4G/mental-health-shallow-review\">shallow review</a>) (research agenda <a href=\"https://docs.google.com/document/d/15DqZNMfqRw4cOEcz3lpBM5jPoLWXnOIZ2IXznBH6Bf0/edit?usp=sharing\">1</a>) - e.g. questions related to measuring happiness, aggregating happiness (see <a href=\"https://docs.google.com/document/d/15DqZNMfqRw4cOEcz3lpBM5jPoLWXnOIZ2IXznBH6Bf0/edit?usp=sharing\">this</a> research agenda); other bigger picture questions like how do interventions that target depression/anxiety impact future-oriented behavior, investments in childcare, income, etc.? What are the best things individuals can do to enhance their own happiness? Are there effective ways of preventing mental illness? Is happiness education effective? What are the most effective interventions to increase happiness at work? What is the view of evolutionary psychology and/or neuroanatomy on human happiness?<br/><br/></li><li>Global priorities research (and other higher level considerations) (<a href=\"https://80000hours.org/problem-profiles/global-priorities-research/\">problem profile</a>) (<a href=\"https://80000hours.org/podcast/episodes/hilary-greaves-global-priorities-institute/?fbclid=IwAR0nOomCHG1J8GCPo5M3vcp8o-RCGgW2KCxOwpPZNegmq3iXFGdRnOI-R-s\">podcast</a>) (<a href=\"https://www.facebook.com/groups/CausePrioritization/?ref=br_rs\">facebook group</a>) - example topic <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/mapping-forms-altruism/\">1</a>, <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/value-drift-effective-altruism/\">2</a>, <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/rationality-and-deviations-pure-altruism/\">3</a>, <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/poll-survey-ethical-trade-offs/\">4</a>, <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/roots-human-compassion/\">5</a>, <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/decision-theoretic-models-altruistic-psychology/\">6</a>, <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/formation-moral-concerns/\">7</a>, <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/tradeoffs-between-good-and-bad-parts-lives/\">8</a><br/><br/></li><li>Charitable decision making research (see <a href=\"https://www.thelifeyoucansave.org/blog/id/1451/a-research-framework-to-improve-real-world-giving-behavior\">these ideas</a>)<br/><br/></li><li>How do people choose their research focus - example <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/how-people-choose-their-thesis-topics/\">1</a>, <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/what-makes-high-quality-thesis/\">2</a></li></ul><p></p><p>Want to do research in one of these paths? <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/thesis-coaching/\">Apply for our coaching</a> and we will help you find a specific topic. Please also note that these paths seem promising if you want to improve the world via <b>research</b>, Advice on what are some <i>non-research high impact positions</i> in psychology can be found <a href=\"https://80000hours.org/articles/advice-by-expertise/#psychology\">here</a> or general career advice <a href=\"http://80000hours.org/\">here</a>.</p><p>Do you have a suggestion for similarly high or even higher impact path than those listed? <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/contact/\">Contact us</a></p>", "public health": "<p>There are several paths we think might be especially high impact in making the world a better place. <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/how-choose-thesis/#impact\">Learn more here</a> on why do we think so. If you would like to get more specific research topic suggestions in any of these paths, try our <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/thesis-coaching/\">thesis topic coaching</a><br/><br/></p><ul><li>Biosecurity (<a href=\"https://80000hours.org/problem-profiles/biosecurity/\">problem profile</a>, <a href=\"https://www.openphilanthropy.org/research/cause-reports/biosecurity\">cause report</a>) (podcast <a href=\"https://80000hours.org/podcast/episodes/we-are-not-worried-enough-about-the-next-pandemic/\">1</a>, <a href=\"https://80000hours.org/podcast/episodes/tom-inglesby-health-security/\">2</a>,<a href=\"https://80000hours.org/podcast/episodes/beth-cameron-pandemic-preparedness/\"> 3</a>, <a href=\"https://80000hours.org/podcast/episodes/owen-cotton-barratt-regulating-risky-research/\">4</a>) (<a href=\"https://www.facebook.com/groups/352652171814831/\">facebook group</a>)<br/><br/></li><li>Human welfare and mental health (<a href=\"https://forum.effectivealtruism.org/posts/FvbTKrEQWXwN5A6Tb/a-happiness-manifesto-why-and-how-effective-altruism-should\">cause profile</a>, <a href=\"https://forum.effectivealtruism.org/posts/XWSTBBH8gSjiaNiy7/cause-profile-mental-health\">problem profile</a>, <a href=\"https://forum.effectivealtruism.org/posts/if24DY4pW2FZPPT4G/mental-health-shallow-review\">shallow review</a>) (research agenda <a href=\"https://docs.google.com/document/d/15DqZNMfqRw4cOEcz3lpBM5jPoLWXnOIZ2IXznBH6Bf0/edit?usp=sharing\">1</a>) - e,g, example topic <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/developing-metrics-happiness-eg/\">1</a>, <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/positive-psychology-interventions-alleviating-poverty-3rd-world-countries/\">2</a>, <a href=\"http://effective-altruism.com/ea/16r/increasing_access_to_pain_relief_in_developing/\">this</a> direction<br/><br/></li><li>Global priorities research (<a href=\"https://80000hours.org/problem-profiles/global-priorities-research/\">problem profile</a>) (<a href=\"https://80000hours.org/podcast/episodes/hilary-greaves-global-priorities-institute/?fbclid=IwAR0nOomCHG1J8GCPo5M3vcp8o-RCGgW2KCxOwpPZNegmq3iXFGdRnOI-R-s\">podcast</a>) (<a href=\"https://globalprioritiesinstitute.org/wp-content/uploads/gpi-research-agenda.pdf\">research agenda</a>) (<a href=\"https://www.facebook.com/groups/CausePrioritization/?ref=br_rs\">facebook group</a>) - e.g. <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/evaluating-healthcare-interventions-relation-indirect-effects/\">this</a> example topic<br/><br/></li><li>Industrial animal agriculture (<a href=\"https://80000hours.org/problem-profiles/factory-farming/\">problem profile</a>, <a href=\"https://www.openphilanthropy.org/research/cause-reports/treatment-animals-industrial-agriculture\">cause report</a>) (<a href=\"https://80000hours.org/podcast/episodes/lewis-bollard-end-factory-farming/?fbclid=IwAR2wvnqmT-bJMYtNJr8DaYPVWAPTfvV7UTVFXV10lmnHtK_6Cn1Y9Y3S30s\">podcast</a>) (facebook group <a href=\"https://www.facebook.com/groups/460910714079232/\">1</a>, <a href=\"https://www.facebook.com/groups/EffectiveAnimalAdvocacy/\">2</a>) - example topic <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/future-animal-agriculture/\">1</a>, <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/what-we-have-learnt-biofuels-industry-could-be-applicable-clean-meat/\">2</a><br/><br/></li><li>Tobacco control (<a href=\"https://80000hours.org/problem-profiles/tobacco/\">problem profile</a> and <a href=\"https://www.openphilanthropy.org/research/cause-reports/tobacco-control\">cause report</a>) - example <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/strategies-implementation-tobacco-taxation/\">1</a><br/><br/></li><li>Alternative foods research (<a href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Feeding_Everyone_No_Matter_What\">problem profile</a>) (<a href=\"https://www.facebook.com/groups/2223747464333964/\">facebook group</a>) (<a href=\"https://docs.google.com/document/d/10Fu9XcztcKhCobRECl25z157iRwVfC3QeHj5T8J6raU/edit?usp=sharing\">research agenda</a>) (<a href=\"https://80000hours.org/podcast/episodes/david-denkenberger-allfed-and-feeding-everyone-no-matter-what/\">podcast</a>) (<a href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Feeding_Everyone_No_Matter_What\">book</a>) (<a href=\"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s13753-016-0097-2\">journal article</a>) - example topic <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/quantifying-behavior-change-conserving-food/\">1</a><br/><br/></li><li>Improving health in poor countries (<a href=\"https://80000hours.org/problem-profiles/health-in-poor-countries/\">problem profile</a>) (podcast <a href=\"https://80000hours.org/podcast/episodes/rachel-glennerster-best-buys-in-international-development/\">1</a>, <a href=\"https://80000hours.org/podcast/episodes/james-snowden-givewell-research/?fbclid=IwAR0dXdQXHw9ECLIr_HXlwXb9nIvUl5ObzNvv6_0HAtJ8CDgb7Xowuju7PKk\">2</a>, <a href=\"https://80000hours.org/podcast/episodes/claire-walsh-evidence-in-development/\">3</a>) - example topic <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/health-developing-world-and-educational-attainment/\">1</a>, <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/deworming-and-enhanced-vitamin-devta-study-replication/\">2</a>, <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/positive-psychology-interventions-elevating-poverty-3rd-world-countries/\">3</a>, <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/impact-unconditionial-cash-transfers-socioeconomic-variables/\">4</a>, <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/multi-micronutrient-salt-fortification-effects-replication-studies/\">5</a>, <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/strategies-implementation-tobacco-taxation/\">6</a>, <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/conditional-cash-transfers-incentives-health-center-adherence/\">7</a><br/><br/></li><li>Anti-ageing research (<a href=\"https://www.openphilanthropy.org/research/cause-reports/scientific-research/mechanisms-aging\">cause report</a>, <a href=\"https://nickbostrom.com/aging/aging.html\">blog post 1</a>, <a href=\"https://www.fightaging.org/archives/2016/03/anders-sandberg-on-working-towards-radical-life-extension/\">blog post 2</a>) (<a href=\"https://www.facebook.com/groups/EAlifeextension/\">facebook group</a>) (<a href=\"https://docs.google.com/document/d/1AqEYFV8dKeT8UEEz-8bUVYgU2zIvMWyKKcw-JiYL9Ds/edit?fbclid=IwAR0TKKq-6KigUq4E6eiZ66mwtc8rwNDl2fifEfsIP-6NGFKXg-WhjGHXqGY#\">other resources</a>)<br/><br/></li><li>Antibiotics resistance (<a href=\"https://www.openphilanthropy.org/research/cause-reports/antibiotic-resistance\">cause report</a>) (<a href=\"https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/30841977-deadliest-enemy\">book</a>)<br/><br/></li></ul><p>Want to do research in one of these paths? <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/thesis-coaching/\">Apply for our coaching</a> and we will help you find a specific topic, connect you with researchers already working on these problems, make sure your work will be made use of or give you other support you need. Please also note that these paths seem promising if you want to improve the world via <b>research</b>, General career advice including <i>non-research</i> high impact paths can be found <a href=\"http://80000hours.org/\">here</a>.</p><p>Do you have a suggestion for similarly high or even higher impact path than those listed? <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/contact/\">Contact us</a><br/></p>", "sociology": "<p>There are several paths we think might be especially high impact in making the world a better place. <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/how-choose-thesis/#impact\">Learn more here</a> on why do we think so. If you would like to get more specific research topic suggestions in any of these paths, try our <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/thesis-coaching/\">thesis topic coaching</a>.<br/><br/></p><ul><li>Improving voting systems (<a href=\"https://www.electionscience.org/commentary-analysis/voting-methods-an-open-target-for-effective-altruism/\">cause profile</a>) (<a href=\"https://80000hours.org/podcast/episodes/aaron-hamlin-voting-reform/\">podcast</a>) - e.g.case studies of attempts at creating voting reforms -&gt; check also <a href=\"https://www.ssc.wisc.edu/~wright/ERU.htm\">this</a> and <a href=\"https://blog.ycombinator.com/rfs-news-jobs-and-democracy/\">this</a> suggestion on how to generally improve democracy<br/><br/></li><li>More abstract topics related to global priorities research (<a href=\"https://80000hours.org/problem-profiles/global-priorities-research/\">problem profile</a>) (<a href=\"https://80000hours.org/podcast/episodes/hilary-greaves-global-priorities-institute/?fbclid=IwAR0nOomCHG1J8GCPo5M3vcp8o-RCGgW2KCxOwpPZNegmq3iXFGdRnOI-R-s\">podcast</a>) - examples <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/mapping-forms-altruism/\">1</a>, <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/altruistic-coordination-theory/\">2</a><br/><br/></li><li>Immigration and labour mobility (<a href=\"https://www.openphilanthropy.org/research/cause-reports/labor-mobility\">problem profile</a>, <a href=\"https://openborders.info/practical-case/\">blog post</a>) - <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/openness-immigration/\">example topic</a><br/><br/></li><li>Social movements - example topic <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/cooperation-between-environmentalist-and-animal-advocacy-communities/\">1</a>, <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/growing-movement-wild-animal-suffering-cause/\">2</a>, <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/value-drift-effective-altruism/\">value drift in effective altruism</a>, looking into some other trends common to most social movements / social movements similar to effective altruism<br/><br/></li><li>Improving institutional decision making (<a href=\"https://80000hours.org/problem-profiles/improving-institutional-decision-making/\">problem profile</a>) (<a href=\"https://www.eaglobal.org/talks/improving-institutional-decision-making/\">conference talk</a>) (<a href=\"https://www.facebook.com/groups/1832948053436066/\">facebook group</a>) - case studies on how better practices have been implemented in organisations historically; historical analysis on what happened badly in the event of some big important decisions (for example, the decision to invade Iraq) - e.g. what were the system errors and what was the individual one...<br/><br/></li><li>Animal Welfare (<a href=\"https://80000hours.org/problem-profiles/factory-farming/\">problem profile</a>, <a href=\"https://www.openphilanthropy.org/research/cause-reports/treatment-animals-industrial-agriculture\">cause report</a>) (<a href=\"https://80000hours.org/podcast/episodes/lewis-bollard-end-factory-farming/?fbclid=IwAR2wvnqmT-bJMYtNJr8DaYPVWAPTfvV7UTVFXV10lmnHtK_6Cn1Y9Y3S30s\">podcast</a>) (facebook group <a href=\"https://www.facebook.com/groups/460910714079232/\">1</a>, <a href=\"https://www.facebook.com/groups/EffectiveAnimalAdvocacy/\">2</a>) - example topics <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/voter-turnout-review-and-animal-advocacy/\">1</a>, <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/poll-survey-moral-circle/\">2</a>, <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/poll-survey-ethical-trade-offs/\">3</a>, <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/discussing-moral-circle/\">4</a><br/><br/></li><li>Identifying people likely to get highly involved with effective altruism (<a href=\"https://forum.effectivealtruism.org/posts/MDxaD688pATMnjwmB/to-grow-a-healthy-movement-pick-the-low-hanging-fruit\">the case for this</a>)<br/><br/></li></ul><p>Want to do research in one of these paths? <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/thesis-coaching/\">Apply for our coaching</a> and we will help you find a specific topic, connect you with researchers already working on these problems, make sure your work will be made use of or give you other support you need. Please also note that these paths seem promising if you want to improve the world via <b>research</b>, General career advice including <i>non-research</i> high impact paths can be found <a href=\"http://80000hours.org/\">here</a>.</p><p>Do you have a suggestion for similarly high or even higher impact path than those listed? <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/contact/\">Contact us</a><br/></p>", "engineering": "<p>There are several paths we think might be especially high impact in making the world a better place. <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/how-choose-thesis/#impact\">Learn more here</a> on why do we think so. If you would like to get more specific research topic suggestions in any of these paths, try our <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/thesis-coaching/\">thesis topic coaching</a>.<br/><br/></p><ul><li>Alternative foods research (<a href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Feeding_Everyone_No_Matter_What\">problem profile</a>) (<a href=\"https://www.facebook.com/groups/2223747464333964/\">facebook group</a>) (<a href=\"https://docs.google.com/document/d/10Fu9XcztcKhCobRECl25z157iRwVfC3QeHj5T8J6raU/edit?usp=sharing\">research agenda</a>) (<a href=\"https://80000hours.org/podcast/episodes/david-denkenberger-allfed-and-feeding-everyone-no-matter-what/\">podcast</a>) (<a href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Feeding_Everyone_No_Matter_What\">book</a>) (<a href=\"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s13753-016-0097-2\">journal article</a>) - example topic <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/growing-fungus-partially-decomposed-ground-wood/\">1</a>, <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/open-source-leaf-grinder-leaf-protein-extract-treecrop-leaves/\">2</a>, <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/demonstrate-growing-fungus-residue-paper-production/\">3</a>, <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/growing-bacteria-treecrop-leaves-feed-rats-and-chickens/\">4</a>, <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/logistics-collection-and-delivery-leaves-logs-peat/\">5</a>, <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/initial-food-production-scaling-calculations-alternate-foods/\">6</a>, <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/demonstration-natural-gas-eating-bacteria-household-scale/\">7</a>, <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/estimating-cost-industrially-produced-leaf-extract-sugar-quorn-and-animal-products-utilizing-agricultural-residues-and-tree-leaves/\">8</a>, <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/developing-open-source-customized-grinder-partially-decomposed-wood/\">9</a>, <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/growing-fungus-peat-or-lignite-coal/\">10</a>, <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/converting-residue-leaf-protein-extract-sugar-household-scale/\">11</a>, <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/growing-fungus-treecrop-leaves-household-scale/\">12</a><br/><br/></li><li>Clean meat (<a href=\"https://www.openphilanthropy.org/research/cause-reports/animal-product-alternatives\">cause report</a>) (podcasts <a href=\"https://80000hours.org/podcast/episodes/bruce-friedrich-good-food-institute/\">1</a>, <a href=\"https://80000hours.org/podcast/episodes/marie-gibbons-clean-meat/\">2</a>) - relevant for chemical/bioprocess engineering and tissue engineering<br/><br/></li><li>Climate change ( <a href=\"http://worrydream.com/ClimateChange/\">blog post</a>) - e.g. working on low carbon technology (e.g. <a href=\"https://qz.com/1292891/net-powers-has-successfully-fired-up-its-zero-emissions-fossil-fuel-power-plant/\">Net Power</a>- <a href=\"https://cleantechnica.com/2016/11/21/real-net-powers-zero-carbon-gas-generation-tech/\">read more</a>) or improving storage of energy rather than working on renewable sources of energy directly (since this kind of work seems to be not so neglected)<br/><br/></li></ul><p>Want to do research in one of these paths? <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/thesis-coaching/\">Apply for our coaching</a> and we will help you find a specific topic, connect you with researchers already working on these problems, make sure your work will be made use of or give you other support you need. Please also note that these paths seem promising if you want to improve the world via <b>research</b>, Advice on what are some <i>non-research high impact positions</i> in engineering can be found <a href=\"https://80000hours.org/articles/advice-by-expertise/#engineering-excluding-software\">here</a> or general career advice <a href=\"http://80000hours.org/\">here</a>.</p><p>Do you have a suggestion for as high impact or even higher impact path than those listed? <a href=\"http://effectivethesis.com/contact/\">Contact us</a></p>"}