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2024_reading.md

Things I might read in 2024.

  • Antoine de Saint-Exupéry, Richard Howard (translator) - The Little Prince
  • (Translation by) Sam Hamill - Yellow River: Three Hundred Poems From the Chinese
  • Sayaka Murata, Ginny Tapley Takemori (translator) - Convenience Store Woman (via)
  • Jorge Luis Borges - Tlön, Uqbar, Orbis Tertius (in Labyrinths)/ printed (via)
  • Franz Kafka - The Metamorphosis (via)
  • William Olaf Stapledon - Star Maker/ audio, go to 12m35s to skip past the introduction spoilers
  • The Heart of Innovation: A Field Guide for Navigating to Authentic Demand/ audio (via)
  • Peter D. Kaufman - Poor Charlie's Almanack: The Wit and Wisdom of Charles T. Munger, Expanded Third Edition
  • Lia A. DiBello - Expertise in Business: Evolving with a Changing World (in The Oxford Handbook of Expertise) (via)
  • Joël Glenn Brenner - The Emperors of Chocolate: Inside the Secret World of Hershey and Mars
  • Elad Gil - High Growth Handbook/ audio
  • W. Edwards Demming - The New Economics for Industry, Government, Education/ audio
  • W. Edwards Demming - The New Economics for Industry, Government, Education/ the PDF or ebook
  • Henrik Karlsson - Escaping Flatland/ including the posts I SingleFile'd
  • the relevant-looking posts on benkuhn.net/posts
  • Commoncog Case Library Beta
  • Keith J. Cunningham - The Road Less Stupid: Advice from the Chairman of the Board/ audio
  • Keith J. Cunningham - The 4-Day MBA/ video
  • Cedric Chin's summary of 7 Powers
  • Akio Morita, Edwin M. Reingold, Mitsuko Shimomura - Made in Japan: Akio Morita and Sony
  • Nomad Investment Partnership Letters or redacted (via)
  • How to Lose Money in Derivatives: Examples From Hedge Funds and Bank Trading Departments
  • Brian Hayes - Infrastructure: A Guide to the Industrial Landscape
  • Accelerated Expertise (via)/ printed, "read Chapters 9-13 and skim everything else"
  • David J. Gerber - The Inventor's Dilemma (via Oxide and Friends)
  • Alex Komoroske - The Compendium / after I convert the Firebase export in code/websites/compendium-cards-data/db.json to a single HTML page
  • Rich Cohen - The Fish That Ate The Whale (via)
  • Bob Caspe - Entrepreneurial Action/ printed, skim for anything I don't know

Interactive fiction

unplanned notable things read

unplanned and abandoned

  • Ichiro Kishimi, Fumitake Koga - The Courage to Be Disliked/ audio
  • Matt Dinniman - Dungeon Crawler Carl/ audio
  • Charles Eisenstein - The More Beautiful World Our Hearts Know Is Possible/ audio
  • Geoff Smart - Who: The A Method for Hiring/ audio
  • Genki Kawamura - If Cats Disappeared from the World/ audio
  • Paul Stamets - Fantastic Fungi: How Mushrooms Can Heal, Shift Consciousness, and Save the Planet/ audio
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ivan commented Aug 16, 2024

are you megadosing aspirin and taking enclomiphene, bpc-157, cialis, and cordyceps yet

https://x.com/mccraydotlink/status/1782541713992536348
via https://x.com/search?q=taking%20cordyceps&src=spelling_expansion_revert_click&f=live

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ivan commented Aug 16, 2024

Lately I keep saying “Yeah, I just don’t think that’s true” and it’s so funny watching people react to someone just outright disagreeing with them. You’d think that’s never happened before

https://x.com/DarbraDawn/status/1815385224303231463

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ivan commented Aug 16, 2024

Most of my intellectual success comes from refusing to forget what I already know. Sometimes the things that "everyone knows" are logically inconsistent with each other. If you notice these, it turns up lots of little mysteries.

https://x.com/benlandautaylor/status/1815818656204611850

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ivan commented Aug 16, 2024 •
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The Spanish Prisoner is a confidence trick originating by at least the early 19th century, as Eugène François Vidocq described in his memoirs.[1][2]

The scam

In its original form, the confidence trickster tells his victim (the mark) that he is (or is in correspondence with) a wealthy person of high estate who has been imprisoned in Spain under a false identity. Some versions had the imprisoned person being an unknown or remote relative of the mark.[3] Supposedly the prisoner cannot reveal his identity without serious repercussions, and is relying on a friend (the trickster) to raise money to secure his release.[3] In this classic pigeon drop game archetype, the trickster offers to let the mark put up some of the funds, with a promise of a greater monetary reward upon release of the prisoner, and sometimes the additional reward of marrying a beautiful woman stated to be the prisoner's daughter.[4] After the mark has turned over the funds, he is informed further difficulties have arisen, and more money is needed. With such explanations, the trickster continues to press for more money until the victim is cleaned out, declines to put up more funds, or dies.

Characteristics

Key features of the Spanish Prisoner trick are the emphasis on secrecy and the trust the trickster apparently places in the mark not to reveal the prisoner's identity or situation. The trickster will typically claim to have chosen the mark carefully, based on his reputation for honesty and straight dealing, and may appear to structure the deal so that the trickster's ultimate share of the reward will be distributed voluntarily by the mark.[citation needed]

Modern variants

Modern variants of the Spanish Prisoner fraud include the advance-fee scam, in particular the Nigerian money transfer (or 419) scam.[3][5]

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spanish_Prisoner

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ivan commented Aug 16, 2024

i generally avoid getting into discussions about code because you’re all stupid and i don’t wanna hear your dumbass thoughts

i tried it a bit today and realized that not only are you all stupid, you also have no hope at becoming less stupid

https://x.com/thdxr/status/1816275222204670188

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ivan commented Aug 16, 2024 •
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so many engineers struggle with suspending disbelief so they can make it to a more interesting thought

We had a product manager who couldn't imagine anything that didn't exist

It was wild

Real wild

https://x.com/GremlinIndustry/status/1824502773993316821

often times when trying to think hard about something it's helpful to think of exaggerated scenarios and follow what flows from that

it's not that you think the exaggerated scenario is likely just that it's a useful way to think about things

people often get hung up on this

https://x.com/thdxr/status/1824471608129417407

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ivan commented Aug 17, 2024 •
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p2p internet was good. limewire was good. even if the quality was bad and there was transcoding, people understood that people got things from other people. that abundance comes from your neighbor and from being a neighbor

https://x.com/turtlekiosk/status/1822106553777861016

Yeah looking back at many P2P projects my only criticism is we were all trying to solve too many problems at once and we didn't appreciate how amazing the things we built were.

https://x.com/Lucid00/status/1822116875628671057

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ivan commented Aug 17, 2024 •
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Researchers from IOActive have reported that it may be possible for an attacker with ring 0 access to modify the configuration of System Management Mode (SMM) even when SMM Lock is enabled.

https://www.amd.com/en/resources/product-security/bulletin/amd-sb-7014.html
via https://arstechnica.com/security/2024/08/almost-unfixable-sinkclose-bug-affects-hundreds-of-millions-of-amd-cpus/
via https://x.com/arstechnica/status/1822259483940139496

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ivan commented Aug 17, 2024

The #1 reason for cofounder breakups in the most recent YC batch was co-founders trying to renegotiate a previously agreed equity split.

https://docs.google.com/document/d/1rXUOP-FcnIE8eNTkKlELkakZ-MLaIvEyIxUlBOLNZPw/edit

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ivan commented Aug 17, 2024

Ninety percent of Marrero’s patients came back with elevated amounts of glyphosate in their blood, in one case as high as 15,000 times the test’s lowest detectable concentration.

That line struck me - as an example of innumeracy, or at least misunderstanding of tests. Or maybe it was willful ignorance intended to sound more shocking than it is.

https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=41248069

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ivan commented Aug 17, 2024

I like how all the aging brain studies don't control for "im bored of this shit after 20 years and have better things to do than compete"

https://x.com/unormal/status/1822125438677717420

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ivan commented Aug 17, 2024 •
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If people with high opportunity cost decline to participate in government, laws will be made by those with low opportunity cost

https://x.com/moseskagan/status/1821983315236426040
via https://x.com/patio11/status/1822092419556659615

Singapore tries to do this right with high compensation

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ivan commented Aug 17, 2024

It brings me no pleasure to say this, but Svelte is dead because LLM base models are better at writing React.

I just pulled the entire Svelte 5 docs into a little script that minifies the tokens and generates a prompt for Claude. Works perfectly.

https://x.com/didiercatz/status/1822188984245559399

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ivan commented Aug 17, 2024

is there a friendship app for men?

It's called going outside and doing something useful

https://x.com/inkblotistan/status/1821967345113497919

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ivan commented Aug 17, 2024

you [can] pass an abort signal to .addEventListener

https://x.com/mattpocockuk/status/1817958766756733278

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ivan commented Aug 17, 2024

i have no idea why i do this. but i will spend 3 hours trying to figure out why a certain thing works. and its always the dumbest most inconsequential thing. but sometimes, only sometimes, it's incredibly useful. to know how a thing works.

this is not related to universal things, no. this is related to how a certain thing was implemented by an engineer of yore at a corporate job. it's not even that interesting most of the time. i just feel. the need to know. i must know

https://x.com/yacineMTB/status/1821180291488370913

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ivan commented Aug 17, 2024 •
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Every social media website has a guiding motto, agreed by everyone who joins but never spoken out loud. For example, Reddit's is "everybody ought to think like I do". What began as a way to vote on posts grew into a hyper-conformist dystopia, and now any opinion that goes against the grain is not only dogpiled on but quite possibly banned for the terrible perils that such wrong information may pose. Forget controversial political opinions - saying "you can keep a betta in a 2.6g" in the aquariums subreddit will mark you as a public enemy.

[...]

Anyway, Twitter's motto is "I am so much better than that fellow over there". What began as a way to facilitate one-to-one exchanges grew into a clapback dystopia, and now every public figure is hounded by digital hyenas looking to one-up their posts and earn their fifteen minutes of please-check-out-my-GoFundMe. If you're not clapping back at individuals, you're clapping back at Platonic ideals of things

https://www.astralcodexten.com/p/matt-yglesias-considered-as-the-nietzschean/comment/63884247?hide_intro_popup=true

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ivan commented Aug 17, 2024

i like to say goodnight to my code by scrolling though it at the end of the day

tuck it in with a commit

https://x.com/autosourcer0/status/1819995179157274815

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ivan commented Aug 17, 2024

We can ask similar questions about our attachments to individual cultural experiences. When should we finish a book we have started? In this regard I am extreme. If I start ten books maybe I will finish one of them. I feel no compunction to keep reading. Why not be brutal about this? Is this book the best possible book I can be reading right now, of all the books in the world? For me at least, the answer is usually (but not always) no. Whatever is that best possible book to be reading, I am willing to buy it or otherwise track it down. Most other books don’t make the cut.

I walk out of many movies, especially if I go alone. I go to many movies expecting to walk out, indeed wanting to walk out. I would like some idea of what the movie is about. Some of this curiosity is for my research, as I have written on the economics of film. Certain movies are so popular or so famous that none of us want them to remain a mysterious black box in our cultural experience. I’d like to get a feel for this movie and I don’t always want to wait for the DVD or suffer the small screen. Knowing about the movie from what others tell you only goes so far. But do I really need to see the end? I can either guess how it turns out or read a review. For me the first half of Clint Eastwood’s Letters from Iwo Jima—not a bad movie—was enough.

If I can manage to walk out of one movie, I can see parts of other movies that same day. One day I saw parts of four movies. I was happy, not frustrated by the experience. Three of them were better than I had expected, although apparently they were not good enough.

Sometimes I will see a movie that ends at 4:00 but schedule an appointment or a phone call for 3:00. I expect to meet my commitment. If the movie is really good—better than I expect—then I am in trouble. But it is a nice kind of trouble to be in. It means that seeing the rest of the movie is better than anything else I could be doing in the world at that moment. That’s impressive. If that is the scenario to be worried about, I feel I am sitting pretty.

Economist Robert Hall once said something like: “If you haven’t ever missed a plane, you spend too much time waiting around in airports.”

Tyler Cowen - Discover Your Inner Economist

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ivan commented Aug 17, 2024

Have an agentic day full of progress on your goals and projects!

https://x.com/SomeBrashAtom/status/1818671496950173969

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ivan commented Aug 17, 2024

Have a good time with your Bitcoin and your crypto and everything else you're playing with

https://x.com/molly0xFFF/status/1817301858869973473

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ivan commented Aug 17, 2024

You're right, this post is based on personal anecdotal experience. I have access to Google Search Console data for over 100 websites, and most have many pages in the "Discovered - currently not indexed" and "Crawled - currently not indexed" categories, despite ranking well for some keywords and getting traffic. This wasn't the case 10 years ago.

Regarding "Google never indexed everything" - I'd say it came close. They did manual de-indexing for heavy spam sites and would even send an email when they did this. Apart from that, nearly everything was in the index, including duplicates. De-duplication happened at the ranking stage, not the indexing stage.

At some point, Google even had a second index, the Google Supplemental Index, for pages of lower importance.

https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=40970987

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ivan commented Aug 17, 2024

Some people wouldn’t recognize a snake if it was on a stage reciting a poem about a snake.

a comment in https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4pYSjxZfB6A

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ivan commented Aug 17, 2024 •
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In other words, research indicates the best way to improve your problem-solving ability in any domain is simply by acquiring more foundational skills in that domain. The way you increase your ability to make mental leaps is not by learning to jump further, but by building bridges.

So, there does not seem to be any tangible, empirically-supported reason to struggle with a challenge problem for a long period of time, when you consider that you could be making more educational progress using that time to learn more content. For instance, in an hour-long session, you're going to make a lot more progress by solving 30 problems that each take 2 minutes given your current level of knowledge, than by attempting a single competition problem that you struggle with for an hour. (This assumes those 30 problems are grouped into minimal effective doses, well-scaffolded & increasing in difficulty, across a variety of topics at the edge of your knowledge.)

[...]

As Sweller, Clark, and Kirschner sum it up in their 2010 article Teaching General Problem-Solving Skills Is Not a Substitute for, or a Viable Addition to, Teaching Mathematics:

"Although some mathematicians, in the absence of adequate instruction, may have learned to solve mathematics problems by discovering solutions without explicit guidance, this approach was never the most effective or efficient way to learn mathematics. ... In short, the research suggests that we can teach aspiring mathematicians to be effective problem solvers only by providing them with a large store of domain-specific schemas. Mathematical problem-solving skill is acquired through a large number of specific mathematical problem-solving strategies relevant to particular problems. There are no separate, general problem-solving strategies that can be learned."

[...]

Many heated debates in math education stem from these misinterpretations of deliberate practice. Mindless repetition, doing the same thing over and over again without making performance-improving adjustments, is not deliberate practice. Likewise, any activity that throttles the volume of action-feedback-adjustment cycles (e.g., excessively challenging problems, or think-pair-share type of stuff) is not deliberate practice.

[...]

Just to name one example: last year, I tutored a student who was taking analysis at an elite university, and each problem set consisted of those "think really hard for a long period of time" problems. Things were going the way of a train wreck: despite her best efforts, she was spinning her wheels on these problems and making very little progress. Not only was she unable to solve the problems, but also, she was not noticeably improving any supporting knowledge by trying and failing to solve them.

What I ended up doing was engaging her in deliberate practice on all of the component knowledge that was being pulled together in each problem. Something like this (the following is non-exhaustive):

  • Deliberate Practice on Definitions: I give you a mathematical object and you tell me whether it meets the definition (and why or why not). Repeat over and over again increasing in difficulty. Okay, now suppose we remove some criterion from the definition. What's an object that didn't meet the original definition but does now after dropping that criterion? Repeat over and over dropping different criteria.

  • Deliberate Practice on Theorems: I give you a scenario and you tell me whether it meets the assumptions of the theorem. If so, you tell me specifically what else you know is true about the scenario, according to the theorem. Repeat over and over again increasing in difficulty. Okay, if this is a one-way implication, tell me some scenarios where the converse does not hold.

As soon as we took a step back from the homework problems and started doing that, she started making actual progress on her supporting knowledge. After enough cycles of deliberate practice, she'd re-attempt the homework problems, often solving them completely or at least getting a lot further before starting to spin her wheels again.

The result: her exam performance skyrocketed and she ended up finishing the course with an A.

What could have happened: without this deliberate practice intervention, she would have gotten a low grade in the course and possibly even dropped out of the major entirely.

https://matheducators.stackexchange.com/questions/27964/how-to-choose-a-textbook-that-is-pedagogically-optimal-for-oneself

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ivan commented Aug 18, 2024 •
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Why Some People Talk Too Much

Often, the person who is talking excessively may not know they are doing it. Excessive talking can be caused by the following mental health conditions:

  • Bipolar disorder: People with bipolar disorder may talk excessively with pressured (rapid and urgent) speech when their brain is in a manic state.
  • Schizophrenia: Schizophrenia is a psychiatric disorder that affects the brain and often influences how someone talks, causing pressured speech and disorganized (difficult-to-follow) speech.
  • Personality disorders: People with personality disorders, particularly narcissistic personality disorder, may talk excessively.
  • Anxiety disorders: Anxiety can cause someone to speak excessively. While many with social anxiety may avoid social interactions, some may inadvertently talk excessively when in social situations out of nervousness and anxiety.
  • Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD): People with ADHD may talk excessively and interrupt frequently.

https://www.verywellhealth.com/excessive-talking-5224128

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ivan commented Aug 18, 2024 •
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De-duplication. We apply several rounds of de-duplication at the URL, document, and line level:

  • URL-level de-duplication. We perform URL-level de-duplication across the entire dataset. We keep the most recent version for pages corresponding to each URL.

  • Document-level de-duplication. We perform global MinHash (666900) de-duplication across the entire dataset to remove near duplicate documents.

  • Line-level de-duplication. We perform aggressive line-level de-duplication similar to ccNet (wenzek2019ccnetextractinghighquality). We remove lines that appeared more than 6 times in each bucket of 30M documents. Although our manual qualitative analysis showed that the line-level de-duplication removes not only leftover boilerplate from various websites such as navigation menus, cookie warnings, but also frequent high-quality text, our empirical evaluations showed strong improvements.

Heuristic filtering. We develop heuristics to remove additional low-quality documents, outliers, and documents with excessive repetitions. Some examples of heuristics include:

  • We use duplicated n-gram coverage ratio (Rae2021ScalingLM) to remove lines that consist of repeated content such as logging or error messages. Those lines could be very long and unique, hence cannot be filtered by line-dedup.

  • We use “dirty word” counting (raffel2020exploring) to filter out adult websites that are not covered by domain block lists.

  • We use a token-distribution Kullback-Leibler divergence to filter out documents containing excessive numbers of outlier tokens compared to the training corpus distribution.

Model-based quality filtering. Further, we experiment with applying various model-based quality classifiers to sub-select high-quality tokens. These include using fast classifiers such as fasttext (joulin2017bag) trained to recognize if a given text would be referenced by Wikipedia (touvron2023llama), as well as more compute-intensive Roberta-based classifiers (liu2019roberta) trained on Llama 2 predictions. To train a quality classifier based on Llama 2, we create a training set of cleaned web documents, describe the quality requirements, and instruct Llama 2’s chat model to determine if the documents meets these requirements. We use DistilRoberta (sanh2019distilbert) to generate quality scores for each document for efficiency reasons. We experimentally evaluate the efficacy of various quality filtering configurations.

Code and reasoning data. Similar to deepseekai2024deepseekcoderv2breakingbarrierclosedsource, we build domain-specific pipelines that extract code and math-relevant web pages. Specifically, both the code and reasoning classifiers are DistilRoberta models trained on web data annotated by Llama 2. Unlike the general quality classifier mentioned above, we conduct prompt tuning to target web pages containing math deduction, reasoning in STEM areas and code interleaved with natural language. Since the token distribution of code and math is substantially different than that of natural language, these pipelines implement domain-specific HTML extraction, customized text features and heuristics for filtering.

https://ar5iv.labs.arxiv.org/html/2407.21783
via https://x.com/GregKamradt/status/1815776204659781978
copied from https://arxiv.org/pdf/2407.21783

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ivan commented Aug 18, 2024

This game, with a few mods (YUP Patch, ect) and engine fixes(NVME, ect) from the community, is a MASTERPIECE. Probably my most played game on Steam.

Highly recommend this guide, if you want to play the game to it's full potential in 2022: https://vivanewvegas.github.io/

EDIT: Link Dead, New Link > https://vivanewvegas.moddinglinked.com/

https://gazellegames.net/torrents.php?id=931

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ivan commented Aug 18, 2024 •
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What makes Chantal AI "eco-friendly"?

The underlying AI language model is a 512×10000 matrix that weighs about 195 MB and doesn't need more because it is specialized on image-processing topics. It uses an energy-efficient algorithm (Word2Vec, 2013) that turns a search into a matrix dot product. It is trained with around 450k documents containing around 134 millions words, for a total disk space of 560 MB (compressed). Training needs around 6 h on an Intel Xeon laptop. At runtime, searching the whole index of 78k pages needs 3.2 GB of RAM and takes about 0.3 to 0.5 s on a desktop computer.

While this is not the yesteryear state-of-the-art in language processing, the accuracy vs. computational power ratio is very good and lets the search engine run on low-end hardware with reasonable runtimes. The current web service runs on a shared hosting environnement (CPanel/Linux/Apache) typically in 1  s, along with a multi-site WordPress installation and a forum CMS. No GPU is involved.

The current fashion in AI is to run very heavy algorithms (transformers) on GPU farms, and to provide general audience with nice web interfaces allowing them to abuse the service for their own amusement. For information retrieval tasks, these methods are typically 3-6 % more accurate than the one used here, but are at (very) least 500 times more computational-expensive at runtime, while needing much more input training data.

https://chantal.aurelienpierre.com/

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ivan commented Aug 18, 2024

For an automated system to act intelligently, you must feed it as much high-quality, granular, and timely data as possible.

One of the things that the Math Academy system has lacked up to this point is a comprehensive understanding of what's happening with a student at the task level. Going back to my days working in HFT (high-frequency trading), that would fall directly within the category of "microstructure analysis".

If you want to make smart decisions at the micro level, you better have a lot of detailed data at that level (or even lower). And while information such as interest rates, yesterday's trading volume, and the asset price from 15 minutes ago might provide some helpful context, it's not nearly granular enough. You need to get deep in there to find out precisely what the buy-and-sell order books look like, and how they've been changing, millisecond to millisecond. Without that, you're essentially blind, and you might as well hand over your trading capital to the other players in the market and call it a career.

Likewise, for our system to react and adapt to a student as if it were an expert human tutor sitting right next to them, it needs to know exactly what's happening at that level - at that second. To do that, I wrote some code that (as of yesterday) has begun capturing what we refer to as "task events" and will be the first step towards taking our adaptive algorithms to the next level.

https://x.com/exojason/status/1824949655983337788

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ivan commented Aug 18, 2024 •
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Cordyceps' method of dispersal is through parasitizing insects.[7] Researchers believe that the insect picks up the fungus while foraging for food.[8] The fungus makes its way deeper into its hosts body, eventually taking over and controlling the insect's behavior.[8] The fungus then makes its host climb to a high point, most likely the leaf of a nearby plant, and latch on, locking it in place.[8] The fungus continues to eat at its host, killing it in the process.[8] After a few days, the fungus's fruiting body begins to emerge from its host's body, where it then sends its spores out to infect more insects.[8]

[...]

Studies have found that excessive use of C. militaris can exert pressure on the filtering and excretory functions of the liver and kidneys, potentially leading to damage in these organs.[15]

[...]

Like other members of the Cordyceps genus, C. militaris produces the pharmacologically active compound cordycepin. Cordycepin is a nucleoside analogue of adenosine-differing by only a single hydroxyl group. It has been shown to induce apoptosis, reduce inflammation, and inhibit RNA transcription in cell cultures. For these reasons, it is under study for its anti-metastatic properties.[22]

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cordyceps_militaris

Because cordycepin is similar to adenosine, some enzymes cannot discriminate between the two. It can therefore participate in certain biochemical reactions (for example, 3-dA can trigger the premature termination of mRNA synthesis).[5][6] By acting as an adenosine analog, cordycepin was found to be the most potent molecular circadian clock resetter out of several screened compounds.[7]

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cordycepin

There are two distinct advantages to the Cordyceps Militaris vs Cordyceps Sinensis:

  1. No insects are harmed in the making of this mushroom - Cordyceps militaris is grown in a sterile medium, NOT in an arthropod.

  2. It’s a super-charged version of Cordyceps - Cordyceps militaris produces the health-supporting compound cordycepin (3′-deoxyadenosine) in much higher amounts when compared to Cordyceps sinensis (2).

A study published in the Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry in 2008, confirmed that not only does Cordyceps militaris contain more cordycepin when compared with the wild Cordyceps sinensis, it has up to 90 times more (2)!

https://www.realmushrooms.com/cordyceps-sinensis-vs-militaris/

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