Generate a random HSV palette of non overlapping colors

randomHSVPalette.js

function randomHSVPalette(options) {

    function random(min, max) {
        return min + Math.random() * (max - min);
    }

    function HSVtoXYZ(hsv) {
        var h = hsv[0];
        var s = hsv[1];
        var v = hsv[2];
        var angle = h * Math.PI * 2;
        return [Math.sin(angle) * s * v,
            Math.cos(angle) * s * v,
            v
        ];
    }

    function distSq(a, b) {
        var dx = a[0] - b[0];
        var dy = a[1] - b[1];
        var dz = a[2] - b[2];
        return dx * dx + dy * dy + dz * dz;
    }

    if (!options) {
        options = {};
    }

    var numColors = options.numColors || 10;
    var hRange = options.hRange || [0, 1];
    var sRange = options.sRange || [0, 1];
    var vRange = options.vRange || [0, 1];
    var exclude = options.exclude || [
        [0, 0, 0],
        [0, 0, 1]
    ];

    var points = exclude.map(HSVtoXYZ);
    var result = [];

    while (result.length < numColors) {
        var bestHSV;
        var bestXYZ;
        var bestDist = 0;
        for (var i = 0; i < 100; i++) {
            var hsv = [random(hRange[0], hRange[1]), random(sRange[0], sRange[1]), random(vRange[0], vRange[1])];
            var xyz = HSVtoXYZ(hsv);
            var minDist = 100;
            points.forEach(function(point) {
                minDist = Math.min(minDist, distSq(xyz, point));
            });
            if (minDist > bestDist) {
                bestHSV = hsv;
                bestXYZ = xyz;
                bestDist = minDist;
            }
        }

        points.push(bestXYZ);
        result.push(bestHSV);
    }
    return result;
}

Usage

// with default values:
randomHSVPalette({ hRange:[0,1], sRange:[0,1], vRange: [0,1], exclude:[[0, 0, 0], [0, 0, 1]]})