From https://stat.ethz.ch/pipermail/r-sig-geo/2019-September/027645.html
library(raster)
#> Loading required package: sp
ex <- extent(-11119505, -10007555, 5559753, 6671703)
prj <- "+proj=sinu +lon_0=0 +x_0=0 +y_0=0 +a=6371007.181
+ +b=6371007.181 +units=m +no_defs"
m <- maps::map(plot = F)
d <- cbind(m$x, m$y)
plot(rgdal::project(d, prj), pch = ".")
plot(ex, add = T) ## just a small part of the chain
## now add the actual -180 extent, the red line is the extent of the valid bounds
## of the Sinusoidal projection, but the raster necessarily falls outside for part
lines(rgdal::project(cbind(-180,
seq(90, 0, length = 36)), prj), col = "firebrick")
Created on 2019-09-14 by the reprex package (v0.3.0)