triples.yaml

# This defines how our entities and events are related to one another semantically
taxonomy:
  - ExpandedEntity:
    - Entity:
      - Nominal:
        - Noun
        - PossiblePerson:
          - Person
        - Organization
        - Location
        - Date
        - Unknown
      - Verb
      - Subject
      - Object
  - Triple:
    - TripleWithProperty:
      - HasDate
      - HasLocation
      - HasAssociation

# here are our rules
# these are just meant to serve as an example
# there are many ways they could be improved
rules:
  - name: "ner-unknown"
    label: Unknown
    priority: 1
    # a token pattern describes a sequence of tokens
    type: token
    pattern: |
      # inspect the sequence of named entity labels
      # produced by the named entity recognizer
      [entity="MISC"]+

  - name: "ner-person"
    label: Person
    priority: 1
    type: token
    pattern: |
     [entity="PERSON"]+

  - name: "possible-person"
    label: PossiblePerson
    priority: 1
    type: token
    pattern: |
     [tag=/^N/]* [tag=/^N/ & outgoing="cop"] [tag=/^N/]*

  - name: "ner-location"
    label: Location
    priority: 1
    type: token
    pattern: |
      [entity="LOCATION"]+

  - name: "ner-org"
    label: Organization
    priority: 1
    type: token
    pattern: |
      [entity="ORGANIZATION"]+

  - name: "ner-date"
    label: Date
    priority: 1
    type: token
    pattern: |
      [entity="DATE"]+

  - name: subj
    label: Subject
    priority: 1
    type: token
    # instead of assuming the tokens are words,
    # we can assume they describe PoS tags
    # by changing the value of unit to "tag"
    unit: "tag"
    pattern: |
      /^N/* [incoming=/^nsubj/] /^N/*

  - name: obj
    label: Object
    priority: 1
    type: token
    unit: "tag"
    pattern: |
      /^N/* [incoming=/obj/] /^N/*

  - name: noun
    label: Noun
    priority: 1
    type: token
    pattern: |
      # inspect the PoS tags
      # find a seq of 1 or more nouns
      # the tokens should not already be part of an Entity mention
      [tag=/^N/ & !mention=/./]+

  - name: verb
    label: Verb
    priority: 1
    type: token
    unit: "tag"
    pattern: |
      # inspect the PoS tags
      # find a seq of 1 or more verbs
      /^V/+

  - name: "expanded-entity"
    label: ExpandedEntity
    example: "Democratic primary"
    priority: 2
    type: token
    pattern: |
      # some entity
      # followed by 1 or more nouns or adjectives
      [tag=/^(J|N)/]* @Nominal [tag=/^(J|N)/]*

  #
  # Rules for filling triples
  #
  - name: "triples-1"
    label: Triple
    priority: 10
    example: "HE then DEFEATED Republican NOMINEE JOHN MCCAIN in the general election"
    # this pattern describes a syntactic configuration as a traversal over a
    # syntactic dependency graph
    # the traversal begins at some trigger (a predicate)
    type: dependency
    pattern: |
      trigger = @Verb
      # traversal is in relation to the trigger
      # NOTE: outgoing relation is optionally prefixed with >
      # named arguments have an associated type
      # this is a semantic constraint on the final node (token) in the traversal
      subject:ExpandedEntity = (<xcomp|<cop)? (nsubj|nsubjpass)
      object:ExpandedEntity = (dobj|<cop)

  - name: "triples-copula"
    label: Triple
    example: "HE WAS a US SENATOR"
    priority: 10
    type: dependency
    pattern: |
      trigger = @Verb
      # a cop represent the "be" verb (is, was, am, are, etc.)
      subject:ExpandedEntity = <cop /^nsubj/
      object:ExpandedEntity = <cop

  - name: "triples-against"
    label: Triple
    example: "HE RAN in 2012 against X"
    priority: 10
    type: dependency
    pattern: |
      trigger = @Verb
      subject:ExpandedEntity = nsubj
      object:ExpandedEntity = prep_in prep_against

  - name: "triples-passive"
    label: Triple
    example: "HE then defeated Republican nominee John McCain in the general election, and WAS INAGURATED as PRESIDENT"
    priority: 10
    type: dependency
    pattern: |
      trigger = @Verb
      # subject of a passive construction
      subject:ExpandedEntity = nsubjpass
      # some preposition, and end on an Entity that isn't a Date
      object:ExpandedEntity = /^prep_/ [!mention=Date]

  #
  # Rules for associating properties with triples
  #

  # We can try to find a date for some triple
  - name: "occurred-at"
    label: HasLocation
    priority: 20
    example: "EVENT in Chicago"
    type: dependency
    pattern: |
      triple:Triple
      location:Location = /^prep_/+

  # We can try to find a date for some triple
  - name: "occurred-when"
    label: HasDate
    priority: 20
    example: "EVENT sometime between 2014 and 2016"
    type: dependency
    pattern: |
      triple:Triple
      date:Date = /^prep_/+

  # Look for associations with organizations
  - name: "is-associated"
    label: HasAssociation
    priority: 20
    example: "A is a B of C"
    type: dependency
    pattern: |
      triple:Triple
      organization:Organization = /^prep_/